Пять стоических недоказуемых умозаключений: что дозволено вывести из условной, отрицательной и разделительной посылок, и почему пятый способ читается у Диогена Лаэртского и Секста Эмпирика по-разному?

Первый недоказуемый дозволяет вывод B, второй запрещает вывод A из отрицания следствия, четвёртый запрещает вывод B из первого члена строгой дизъюнкции. Пятый недоказуемый у двух свидетелей записан зеркально: Диоген выводит первый член из отрицания второго, Секст — второй из отрицания первого. Прочтения держатся раздельно, и под чужим прочтением та же схема не установлена. Посылка неподходящего вида ни одним из пяти способов не покрывается, и ответ «не установлено», а не «запрещено».

This is an assistant explanation, not a calculation result. Check the grounds and sources below.

At a glance

Select a result to explore its grounds

Первый: если A, то B; A; следовательно BConditionEstablishedExecution: ComputedLogical result: Established Второй: если A, то B; не B; следовательно A?ConditionRefutedExecution: ComputedLogical result: Refuted Четвёртый: либо A, либо B; A; следовательно B?ConditionRefutedExecution: ComputedLogical result: Refuted Пятый по Диогену: либо A, либо B; не B; следовательно AConditionEstablishedExecution: ComputedLogical result: Established Пятый по Сексту: либо A, либо B; не A; следовательно BConditionEstablishedExecution: ComputedLogical result: Established Та же схема Секста под прочтением ДиогенаConditionNot establishedExecution: ComputedLogical result: Not established Большая посылка не того вида: конъюнкция вместо условияConditionNot establishedExecution: ComputedLogical result: Not established

Calculation comparison

	Пятый по Сексту: либо A, либо B; не A; следовательно B	Та же схема Секста под прочтением Диогена
Result	TRUE_ONLY	NEITHER
Law as of	0001-01-01	0001-01-01
Reading	SextusFifthReading	DiogenesFifthReading

Detailed analysis

Condition

Первый: если A, то B; A; следовательно B

Context date 0001-01-01

Calculation result

Established

Input parameters

What we are finding

предъявленные посылки лицензируют пропозицию как заключение

inferenceb

Input facts

пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого вывода
i: inferencep: conditional
пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого вывода
i: inferencep: a
для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключение
i: inferencep: b
пропозиция имеет форму «если antecedent, то consequent»
p: conditionalantecedent: aconsequent: b

Package: Пять стоических индемонстраблей по Диогену Лаэртскому и Сексту Эмпирику — вне юрисдикции государства — доктрина

Additional details

Include proof: Yes
selectedInterpretations: DiogenesFifthReading

Original data · JSON

{
  "args": [
    "urn:stoic:test:inference",
    "urn:stoic:test:b"
  ],
  "facts": [
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:inference",
        "urn:stoic:test:conditional"
      ],
      "predicate": "major_premise"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:inference",
        "urn:stoic:test:a"
      ],
      "predicate": "minor_premise"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:inference",
        "urn:stoic:test:b"
      ],
      "predicate": "conclusion_requested"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:conditional",
        "urn:stoic:test:a",
        "urn:stoic:test:b"
      ],
      "predicate": "is_conditional"
    }
  ],
  "kind": "truth",
  "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
  "package": "grc-stoic-indemonstrables",
  "predicate": "licensed_conclusion",
  "proof": true,
  "selectedInterpretations": [
    "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DiogenesFifthReading"
  ]
}

Why this resultApplied rules and conditions

Derivation path6 steps

1
пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого вывода
i: urn:stoic:test:inference; p: urn:stoic:test:conditional
case fact
2
пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого вывода
i: urn:stoic:test:inference; p: urn:stoic:test:a
case fact
3
для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключение
i: urn:stoic:test:inference; p: urn:stoic:test:b
case fact
4
пропозиция имеет форму «если antecedent, то consequent»
p: urn:stoic:test:conditional; antecedent: urn:stoic:test:a; consequent: urn:stoic:test:b
case fact
5
первая схема: если первое, то второе; первое; значит второе
предъявленные посылки лицензируют пропозицию как заключение: i: urn:stoic:test:inference; p: urn:stoic:test:b
sec. 80, sec. 157, sec. 159
Identifier
urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#FirstIndemonstrable
rule
6
Query evaluation
query

verified by the engine: 2 · case fact: 4 · Full graph: 8 nodes

Steps of the saved proof from the case facts to the answer. Formulas are shown as written in the norm with bound values substituted; the page recomputes nothing.

Basis of this answer

Rules on the saved proof path for this answer.

Пять стоических индемонстраблей по Диогену Лаэртскому и Сексту Эмпирику — вне юрисдикции государства — доктрина

первая схема: если первое, то второе; первое; значит второе
Identifier
urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#FirstIndemonstrable

Derived result for this query

предъявленные посылки лицензируют пропозицию как заключение
i: inferencep: b

Relationship graph

предъявленные посылки лицензируют пропозицию как заключение
i	p
inference	b

0 further derived facts are not shown: the engine keeps the ones relevant to the question in its compact answer. The full list is in the calculation JSON below.

What could defeat the conclusion3 rules

1
четвёртая схема: либо первое, либо второе; первое; значит не второе
What is missing
- пропозиция есть исключающая дизъюнкция first и secondconditional, a, bNot establishedthis is the missing one
- для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключениеinference, bEstablished
- пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого выводаinference, conditionalEstablished
- пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого выводаinference, aEstablished
Source: sec. 81, sec. 158, sec. 162
Identifier
urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#FourthIndemonstrable
rule
2
вторая схема: если первое, то второе; не второе; значит не первое
What is missing
- пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого выводаinference, aEstablished
- для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключениеinference, bEstablished
- первая пропозиция есть противоречащее отрицание второйa, v3DEPENDSthis is the missing one
- пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого выводаinference, conditionalEstablished
- пропозиция имеет форму «если antecedent, то consequent»conditional, b, v3DEPENDSthis is the missing one
Source: sec. 80, sec. 157, sec. 160
Identifier
urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SecondIndemonstrable
rule
3
третья схема: не оба; первое; значит не второе
What is missing
- пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого выводаinference, aEstablished
- пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого выводаinference, conditionalEstablished
- для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключениеinference, bEstablished
- первая пропозиция есть противоречащее отрицание второйconditional, v2DEPENDSthis is the missing one
- пропозиция есть соединение first и secondv2, a, bDEPENDSthis is the missing one
Source: sec. 80, sec. 158, sec. 161
Identifier
urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#ThirdIndemonstrable
rule

These are the rules whose head answers the question, with their unmet premises. A missing fact is not a refuted one.

Proof graph

Proof graph · 3 layer

Proof nodes: 8 · assertion 4, rule_application 1, constraint_check 1, interpretation_selection 1, query_evaluation 1

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1

attributes

assertion: fact-1

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
inference
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
conditional
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

major_premise

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-1

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-2

attributes

assertion: fact-2

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
inference
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
a
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

minor_premise

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-2

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3

attributes

assertion: fact-3

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
inference
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
b
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

conclusion_requested

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-3

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-4

attributes

assertion: fact-4

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
conditional
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
a
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
b
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

is_conditional

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-4

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

rule_application · urn:proof:apply:FirstIndemonstrable:c368bc760e28c41165e934e5bd3dd6ec3f2d1447d141e36ed45bab344ba9036d

attributes

—

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
inference
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
b
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

licensed_conclusion

evidence

—

Identifier

c368bc760e28c41165e934e5bd3dd6ec3f2d1447d141e36ed45bab344ba9036d

Type

rule_application

Premises

fact-1
fact-2
fact-3
fact-4

Rule

FirstIndemonstrable

sourceAnchors

—

substitution

Identifier: inference
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: conditional
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: a
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: b
Type: entity_ref

constraint_check · urn:proof:constraint:FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive:70d899d2d53db8c579936d9cf9cbe5afde6ae410e44b7f8b99f1e99629e3d09c

attributes

—

conclusion

constraint: FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive
requirementStatus: Established
Calculation status: Satisfied
triggerStatus: Satisfied

evidence

—

Identifier

70d899d2d53db8c579936d9cf9cbe5afde6ae410e44b7f8b99f1e99629e3d09c

Type

constraint_check

Premises

c368bc760e28c41165e934e5bd3dd6ec3f2d1447d141e36ed45bab344ba9036d
fact-3

sourceAnchors

—

substitution

Identifier: inference
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: b
Type: entity_ref

interpretation_selection · urn:proof:interpretation-selection

attributes

—

conclusion

selected: DiogenesFifthReading

evidence

—

Identifier

interpretation-selection

Type

interpretation_selection

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

query_evaluation · urn:proof:query:mcp

attributes

—

conclusion

literal

Arguments

Identifier
inference
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
b
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

licensed_conclusion

truthStatus

Established

evidence

—

Identifier

mcp

Type

query_evaluation

Premises

c368bc760e28c41165e934e5bd3dd6ec3f2d1447d141e36ed45bab344ba9036d

sourceAnchors

—

Calendar and proof identifiers

Proof reference: mcp

Original reasoning · JSON

{
  "derived": [
    "licensed_conclusion(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b)"
  ],
  "derivedOmitted": 0,
  "evaluation": {
    "proofGraph": {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-1"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:conditional",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#major_premise"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-2"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:a",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#minor_premise"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-2",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-3"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:b",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#conclusion_requested"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-4"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:conditional",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:a",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:b",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#is_conditional"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-4",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {},
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:b",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#licensed_conclusion"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:apply:FirstIndemonstrable:c368bc760e28c41165e934e5bd3dd6ec3f2d1447d141e36ed45bab344ba9036d",
          "kind": "rule_application",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-2",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-4"
          ],
          "rule": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#FirstIndemonstrable",
          "sourceAnchors": [],
          "substitution": {
            "v0": {
              "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v1": {
              "id": "urn:stoic:test:conditional",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v2": {
              "id": "urn:stoic:test:a",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v3": {
              "id": "urn:stoic:test:b",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "attributes": {},
          "conclusion": {
            "constraint": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive",
            "requirementStatus": "TRUE_ONLY",
            "status": "SATISFIED",
            "triggerStatus": "SATISFIED"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:constraint:FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive:70d899d2d53db8c579936d9cf9cbe5afde6ae410e44b7f8b99f1e99629e3d09c",
          "kind": "constraint_check",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:apply:FirstIndemonstrable:c368bc760e28c41165e934e5bd3dd6ec3f2d1447d141e36ed45bab344ba9036d",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3"
          ],
          "sourceAnchors": [],
          "substitution": {
            "v0": {
              "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v1": {
              "id": "urn:stoic:test:b",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "attributes": {},
          "conclusion": {
            "selected": [
              "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DiogenesFifthReading"
            ]
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:interpretation-selection",
          "kind": "interpretation_selection",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {},
          "conclusion": {
            "literal": {
              "args": [
                {
                  "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
                  "kind": "entity_ref"
                },
                {
                  "id": "urn:stoic:test:b",
                  "kind": "entity_ref"
                }
              ],
              "kind": "literal",
              "polarity": "positive",
              "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#licensed_conclusion"
            },
            "truthStatus": "TRUE_ONLY"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:query:mcp",
          "kind": "query_evaluation",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:apply:FirstIndemonstrable:c368bc760e28c41165e934e5bd3dd6ec3f2d1447d141e36ed45bab344ba9036d"
          ],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        }
      ],
      "proofHash": "sha256:83cedece4f3b0cb74938d2b92fce775c3bc42fc075c06be09b59ae8e9332da1f",
      "roots": [
        "urn:proof:constraint:FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive:70d899d2d53db8c579936d9cf9cbe5afde6ae410e44b7f8b99f1e99629e3d09c",
        "urn:proof:query:mcp"
      ]
    },
    "resultHash": "sha256:e8102e574c5af8d6ef38877201df4a7181192327e2284516632f69a225995864",
    "schemaVersion": "law.core.evaluation/0.2"
  },
  "proofRef": "urn:proof:query:mcp",
  "rulesApplied": [
    "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#FirstIndemonstrable"
  ],
  "vulnerableTo": [
    {
      "anchors": [
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DL_7_81",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_158",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_162"
      ],
      "label": "fourth indemonstrable: either the first or the second; the first; therefore not the second",
      "missing": [
        "is_exclusive_disjunction(urn:stoic:test:conditional, urn:stoic:test:a, urn:stoic:test:b)"
      ],
      "premises": [
        {
          "premise": "is_exclusive_disjunction(urn:stoic:test:conditional, urn:stoic:test:a, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "NEITHER"
        },
        {
          "premise": "conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:conditional)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:a)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        }
      ],
      "rule": "FourthIndemonstrable"
    },
    {
      "anchors": [
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DL_7_80",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_157",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_160"
      ],
      "label": "second indemonstrable: if the first then the second; not the second; therefore not the first",
      "missing": [
        "is_negation_of(urn:stoic:test:a, v3)",
        "is_conditional(urn:stoic:test:conditional, urn:stoic:test:b, v3)"
      ],
      "premises": [
        {
          "premise": "minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:a)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "note": "зависит от несвязанной переменной",
          "premise": "is_negation_of(urn:stoic:test:a, v3)",
          "status": "DEPENDS"
        },
        {
          "premise": "major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:conditional)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "note": "зависит от несвязанной переменной",
          "premise": "is_conditional(urn:stoic:test:conditional, urn:stoic:test:b, v3)",
          "status": "DEPENDS"
        }
      ],
      "rule": "SecondIndemonstrable"
    },
    {
      "anchors": [
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DL_7_80",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_158",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_161"
      ],
      "label": "third indemonstrable: not both; the first; therefore not the second",
      "missing": [
        "is_negation_of(urn:stoic:test:conditional, v2)",
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      ],
      "premises": [
        {
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        {
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        {
          "note": "зависит от несвязанной переменной",
          "premise": "is_negation_of(urn:stoic:test:conditional, v2)",
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        },
        {
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          "premise": "is_conjunction(v2, urn:stoic:test:a, urn:stoic:test:b)",
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}

SourcesExcerpts: 8

section/80

Пять стоических индемонстраблей по Диогену Лаэртскому и Сексту Эмпирику — вне юрисдикции государства — доктрина — EXECUTABLE 3 §33.1

The first kind of indemonstrable statement is that in which the whole argument is constructed of a hypothetical proposition and the clause with which the hypothetical proposition begins, while the final clause is the conclusion; as e.g. If the first, then the second; but the first is, therefore the second is. The second is that which employs a hypothetical proposition and the contradictory of the consequent, while the conclusion is the contradictory of the antecedent; e.g. If it is day, it is light; but it is night, therefore it is not day. Here the minor premiss is the contradictory of the consequent; the conclusion the contradictory of the antecedent. The third kind of indemonstrable employs a conjunction of negative propositions for major premiss and one of the conjoined propositions for minor premiss, concluding thence the contradictory of the remaining proposition; e.g. It is not the case that Plato is both dead and alive; but he is dead, therefore Plato is not alive.

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      "text": "The first kind of indemonstrable statement is that in which the whole argument is constructed of a hypothetical proposition and the clause with which the hypothetical proposition begins, while the final clause is the conclusion; as e.g. If the first, then the second; but the first is, therefore the second is. The second is that which employs a hypothetical proposition and the contradictory of the consequent, while the conclusion is the contradictory of the antecedent; e.g. If it is day, it is light; but it is night, therefore it is not day. Here the minor premiss is the contradictory of the consequent; the conclusion the contradictory of the antecedent. The third kind of indemonstrable employs a conjunction of negative propositions for major premiss and one of the conjoined propositions for minor premiss, concluding thence the contradictory of the remaining proposition; e.g. It is not the case that Plato is both dead and alive; but he is dead, therefore Plato is not alive."
    }
  ]
}

section/81

The fourth kind employs a disjunctive proposition and one of the two alternatives in the disjunction as premisses, and its conclusion is the contradictory of the other alternative; e.g. Either A or B; but A is, therefore B is not. The fifth kind is that in which the argument as a whole is constructed of a disjunctive proposition and the contradictory of one of the alternatives in the disjunction, its conclusion being the other alternative; e.g. Either it is day or it is night; but it is not night, therefore it is day. From a truth a truth follows, according to the Stoics, as e.g. It is light from It is day; and from a falsehood a falsehood, as It is dark from It is night, if this latter be untrue. Also a truth may follow from a falsehood; e.g. from The earth flies will follow The earth exists; whereas from a truth no falsehood will follow, for from the existence of the earth it does not follow that the earth flies aloft.

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      "text": "The fourth kind employs a disjunctive proposition and one of the two alternatives in the disjunction as premisses, and its conclusion is the contradictory of the other alternative; e.g. Either A or B; but A is, therefore B is not. The fifth kind is that in which the argument as a whole is constructed of a disjunctive proposition and the contradictory of one of the alternatives in the disjunction, its conclusion being the other alternative; e.g. Either it is day or it is night; but it is not night, therefore it is day. From a truth a truth follows, according to the Stoics, as e.g. It is light from It is day; and from a falsehood a falsehood, as It is dark from It is night, if this latter be untrue. Also a truth may follow from a falsehood; e.g. from The earth flies will follow The earth exists; whereas from a truth no falsehood will follow, for from the existence of the earth it does not follow that the earth flies aloft."
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}

section/157

Now there are, in their imaginings, many non-demonstrable arguments, but the five which they chiefly propound, and to which all the rest can, it seems, be referred, are these. The first is that which deduces the consequent from the major premiss and the antecedent, as for example ‟If it is day, it is light; but in fact it is day; therefore it is light.” The second is that which deduces the opposite of the antecedent from the major premiss and the opposite of the consequent, as for example ‟If it is day, it is light; but it is not light; therefore it is not day.”

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section/158

The third deduces from the negation of a coupled premiss and the affirmation of one of its clauses the opposite of the other clause, as for example ‟It is not both night and day; but it is day; therefore it is not night.” The fourth deduces from a disjunctive premiss and one of its alternative clauses the opposite of the other, as for example ‟Either it is day or it is night; but it is day; therefore it is not night.” The fifth deduces from a disjunctive premiss and the opposite of one of its clauses the other clause, as for example ‟Either it is day or it is night; but it is not night; therefore it is day.”

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}

section/159

These, then, are the much talked of non-demonstrable arguments, but they all seem to me to be inconclusive through redundancy. Thus for instance, to begin with the first, either it is agreed, or else it is non-evident, that in the major premiss ‟If it is day, it is light,” the clause ‟it is light” follows from its antecedent ‟it is day.” But if this is non-evident, we shall not grant the major premiss as agreed; if, however, it is pre-evident that if the clause ‟it is day” be true, the clause ‟it is light” will necessarily be true also, then, once we have asserted that ‟it is day,” the statement ‟it is light” is also inferred, so that an argument in the form ‟It is day, therefore it is light” is sufficient, and the major premiss ‟If it is day, it is light” is redundant.

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section/160

And in the case of the second non-demonstrable argument we make a similar objection. For it is either possible or impossible for the antecedent to be true when the consequent is not true. But if this is possible, the major premiss will not be valid; while if it is impossible, at the moment of positing ‟Not the consequent” we posit also ‟Not the antecedent,” and the major premiss is redundant once again, the argument propounded being ‟It is not light, therefore it is not day.”

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      "text": "And in the case of the second non-demonstrable argument we make a similar objection. For it is either possible or impossible for the antecedent to be true when the consequent is not true. But if this is possible, the major premiss will not be valid; while if it is impossible, at the moment of positing ‟Not the consequent” we posit also ‟Not the antecedent,” and the major premiss is redundant once again, the argument propounded being ‟It is not light, therefore it is not day.”"
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}

section/161

The same reasoning applies also to the third non-demonstrable argument. For either it is pre-evident that it is impossible for the clauses in the coupled premiss mutually to co-exist, or else it is non-evident. And if it is non-evident we shall not grant the negative of the coupled premiss; but if it is pre-evident, at the moment of positing the one clause the other is annulled, and the negative of the coupled premiss is redundant when we propound the argument in the form ‟It is day, therefore it is not night.”

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section/162

And we deal in like manner with the fourth non-demonstrable argument and the fifth. For either it is pre-evident or it is non-evident that in the disjunctive premiss one clause is true, the other false, in complete contradiction, as the disjunctive proclaims. And if this is non-evident, we shall not grant the disjunctive; but if it is pre-evident, if one of its clauses be affirmed it is apparent that the other is not true, and if one is negated it is pre-evident that the other is true, so that it is sufficient to frame the argument thus—‟It is day, therefore it is not night,” or ‟It is not day, therefore it is night;” and the disjunctive premiss is redundant.

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Packages in the snapshot

Пять стоических индемонстраблей по Диогену Лаэртскому и Сексту Эмпирику — вне юрисдикции государства — доктрина — EXECUTABLE 3 §33.1

Technical dataFull response, parameters and checksums

Calculation status: COMPUTED

Full engine response

licensed_conclusion: TRUE_ONLY — установлено Выведено правом: licensed_conclusion(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b) Применены правила: FirstIndemonstrable Ответ поражаем правилом «fourth indemonstrable: either the first or the second; the first; therefore not the second» — оно отменило бы вывод, будь установлено: is_exclusive_disjunction(urn:stoic:test:conditional, urn:stoic:test:a, urn:stoic:test:b) Ответ поражаем правилом «second indemonstrable: if the first then the second; not the second; therefore not the first» — оно отменило бы вывод, будь установлено: is_negation_of(urn:stoic:test:a, v3); is_conditional(urn:stoic:test:conditional, urn:stoic:test:b, v3) Ответ поражаем правилом «third indemonstrable: not both; the first; therefore not the second» — оно отменило бы вывод, будь установлено: is_negation_of(urn:stoic:test:conditional, v2); is_conjunction(v2, urn:stoic:test:a, urn:stoic:test:b) (поражающее правило не сработало из-за неустановленных фактов — подайте их в facts, если они есть в деле) Право (вне юрисдикции государства): Пять стоических индемонстраблей по Диогену Лаэртскому и Сексту Эмпирику — доктрина — EXECUTABLE 3 §33.1 (programHash sha256:e2f4a762812e…) proof-граф: 8 узлов — поле evaluation готово для law_explain

Complete machine result · JSON

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          "kind": "rule_application",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-2",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-4"
          ],
          "rule": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#FirstIndemonstrable",
          "sourceAnchors": [],
          "substitution": {
            "v0": {
              "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v1": {
              "id": "urn:stoic:test:conditional",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v2": {
              "id": "urn:stoic:test:a",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v3": {
              "id": "urn:stoic:test:b",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "attributes": {},
          "conclusion": {
            "constraint": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive",
            "requirementStatus": "TRUE_ONLY",
            "status": "SATISFIED",
            "triggerStatus": "SATISFIED"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:constraint:FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive:70d899d2d53db8c579936d9cf9cbe5afde6ae410e44b7f8b99f1e99629e3d09c",
          "kind": "constraint_check",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:apply:FirstIndemonstrable:c368bc760e28c41165e934e5bd3dd6ec3f2d1447d141e36ed45bab344ba9036d",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3"
          ],
          "sourceAnchors": [],
          "substitution": {
            "v0": {
              "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v1": {
              "id": "urn:stoic:test:b",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "attributes": {},
          "conclusion": {
            "selected": [
              "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DiogenesFifthReading"
            ]
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:interpretation-selection",
          "kind": "interpretation_selection",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {},
          "conclusion": {
            "literal": {
              "args": [
                {
                  "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
                  "kind": "entity_ref"
                },
                {
                  "id": "urn:stoic:test:b",
                  "kind": "entity_ref"
                }
              ],
              "kind": "literal",
              "polarity": "positive",
              "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#licensed_conclusion"
            },
            "truthStatus": "TRUE_ONLY"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:query:mcp",
          "kind": "query_evaluation",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:apply:FirstIndemonstrable:c368bc760e28c41165e934e5bd3dd6ec3f2d1447d141e36ed45bab344ba9036d"
          ],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        }
      ],
      "proofHash": "sha256:83cedece4f3b0cb74938d2b92fce775c3bc42fc075c06be09b59ae8e9332da1f",
      "roots": [
        "urn:proof:constraint:FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive:70d899d2d53db8c579936d9cf9cbe5afde6ae410e44b7f8b99f1e99629e3d09c",
        "urn:proof:query:mcp"
      ]
    },
    "resultHash": "sha256:e8102e574c5af8d6ef38877201df4a7181192327e2284516632f69a225995864",
    "schemaVersion": "law.core.evaluation/0.2"
  },
  "evaluationStatus": "COMPUTED",
  "issues": [],
  "judgmentRequests": [],
  "proofRef": "urn:proof:query:mcp",
  "provenance": {
    "acts": [
      {
        "contributed": true,
        "fragmentCount": 10,
        "fragments": [
          "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DL_7_80",
          "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_157",
          "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_159"
        ],
        "jurisdiction": "none",
        "namespace": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
        "package": "grc-stoic-indemonstrables",
        "title": "Пять стоических индемонстраблей по Диогену Лаэртскому и Сексту Эмпирику — вне юрисдикции государства — доктрина — EXECUTABLE 3 §33.1"
      }
    ],
    "caseHash": "sha256:8ab75b84ad425c960064785d0f619eddfb4249c3accf352586f1c89c5fc7de0d",
    "codeHash": "sha256:9bcca6a33805c1c364ca1bc8e9d39d6a9c51ba44203c0406bafbf397b96be699",
    "jurisdiction": "вне юрисдикции государства",
    "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
    "mode": "audit",
    "programHash": "sha256:e2f4a762812ed3108f558e351eeaeff0a8aef1e08bb356e1e5c93d7c300833b4",
    "resultHash": "sha256:e8102e574c5af8d6ef38877201df4a7181192327e2284516632f69a225995864",
    "rustCodeHash": "sha256:d368cafc7162ed7a6563df5e5c943a57be26fa8aeb3179b530fe3bdd67fe9be4",
    "timezone": "Asia/Qyzylorda"
  },
  "rulesApplied": [
    "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#FirstIndemonstrable"
  ],
  "signature": {
    "constants": {},
    "parameters": [
      {
        "labels": [],
        "name": "i",
        "type": {
          "name": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#Inference"
        }
      },
      {
        "labels": [],
        "name": "p",
        "type": {
          "name": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#Proposition"
        }
      }
    ],
    "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#licensed_conclusion",
    "schemaVersion": "law.answers.signature/0.1",
    "types": {
      "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#Inference": {
        "kind": "entity",
        "labels": [
          {
            "language": "en",
            "status": "translation",
            "text": "submitted inference: major premise, minor premise, and conclusion"
          },
          {
            "language": "ru",
            "status": "official",
            "text": "предъявленный вывод: большая посылка, малая посылка и заключение"
          }
        ],
        "namespace": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
        "package": "grc.stoici.indemonstrabilia"
      },
      "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#Proposition": {
        "kind": "entity",
        "labels": [
          {
            "language": "en",
            "status": "translation",
            "text": "proposition: truth-apt content"
          },
          {
            "language": "grc",
            "status": "official",
            "text": "ἀξίωμα"
          },
          {
            "language": "ru",
            "status": "translation",
            "text": "пропозиция: содержание, способное быть истинным или ложным"
          }
        ],
        "namespace": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
        "package": "grc.stoici.indemonstrabilia"
      }
    },
    "vocab": {}
  },
  "vulnerableTo": [
    {
      "anchors": [
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DL_7_81",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_158",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_162"
      ],
      "label": "fourth indemonstrable: either the first or the second; the first; therefore not the second",
      "missing": [
        "is_exclusive_disjunction(urn:stoic:test:conditional, urn:stoic:test:a, urn:stoic:test:b)"
      ],
      "premises": [
        {
          "premise": "is_exclusive_disjunction(urn:stoic:test:conditional, urn:stoic:test:a, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "NEITHER"
        },
        {
          "premise": "conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:conditional)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:a)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        }
      ],
      "rule": "FourthIndemonstrable"
    },
    {
      "anchors": [
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DL_7_80",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_157",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_160"
      ],
      "label": "second indemonstrable: if the first then the second; not the second; therefore not the first",
      "missing": [
        "is_negation_of(urn:stoic:test:a, v3)",
        "is_conditional(urn:stoic:test:conditional, urn:stoic:test:b, v3)"
      ],
      "premises": [
        {
          "premise": "minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:a)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "note": "зависит от несвязанной переменной",
          "premise": "is_negation_of(urn:stoic:test:a, v3)",
          "status": "DEPENDS"
        },
        {
          "premise": "major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:conditional)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "note": "зависит от несвязанной переменной",
          "premise": "is_conditional(urn:stoic:test:conditional, urn:stoic:test:b, v3)",
          "status": "DEPENDS"
        }
      ],
      "rule": "SecondIndemonstrable"
    },
    {
      "anchors": [
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DL_7_80",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_158",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_161"
      ],
      "label": "third indemonstrable: not both; the first; therefore not the second",
      "missing": [
        "is_negation_of(urn:stoic:test:conditional, v2)",
        "is_conjunction(v2, urn:stoic:test:a, urn:stoic:test:b)"
      ],
      "premises": [
        {
          "premise": "minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:a)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:conditional)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "note": "зависит от несвязанной переменной",
          "premise": "is_negation_of(urn:stoic:test:conditional, v2)",
          "status": "DEPENDS"
        },
        {
          "note": "зависит от несвязанной переменной",
          "premise": "is_conjunction(v2, urn:stoic:test:a, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "DEPENDS"
        }
      ],
      "rule": "ThirdIndemonstrable"
    }
  ],
  "whyNot": []
}

Execution · JSON

{
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  "evaluationSha256": "sha256:a60282dd527955dd7a80384159c30d080ed78483fe96f95c952344a49d656fad",
  "request": {
    "case": {
      "assertions": [
        {
          "contentHash": "sha256:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:mcp:case#fact-1",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "literal": {
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                "kind": "entity_ref"
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              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:conditional",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
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            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#major_premise"
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          "origin": "case_input",
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          },
          "origin": "case_input",
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      ],
      "context": {
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        "knowledgeTime": "0001-01-01T12:00:00+05:00",
        "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
        "timezone": "Asia/Qyzylorda"
      },
      "options": {
        "selectedInterpretations": [
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    },
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      "kind": "world_ref",
      "nodeCount": 36,
      "packages": [
        {
          "artifactHash": "sha256:b418b3116ecb48441412cb51484854ec4e1694f79e57b5479592cb1ab6a60e74",
          "namespace": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
          "package": "grc-stoic-indemonstrables",
          "semanticHash": "sha256:af1c08b281761cca9feb1539e6f9a3cd3e994853be9ee36a1909ab2350f8c7b2"
        }
      ],
      "programHash": "sha256:e2f4a762812ed3108f558e351eeaeff0a8aef1e08bb356e1e5c93d7c300833b4"
    },
    "query": {
      "kind": "truth",
      "literal": {
        "args": [
          {
            "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
            "kind": "entity_ref"
          },
          {
            "id": "urn:stoic:test:b",
            "kind": "entity_ref"
          }
        ],
        "kind": "literal",
        "polarity": "positive",
        "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#licensed_conclusion"
      },
      "queryId": "urn:query:mcp"
    },
    "schemaVersion": "law.core.evaluation-request/0.2",
    "semanticVersion": "0.2"
  },
  "requestCanonicalSha256": "sha256:540d3270c9dd4bf53fbadfe6423692792befe329001647c7acc252f8a369ce3d"
}

Display metadata

This block is too large for inline viewing. It is included in full in the document JSON, without truncation.

Download JSON ↓

JSON · calculations, sources and exact data

{
  "acts": [
    {
      "contributed": true,
      "fragmentCount": 10,
      "fragments": [
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DL_7_80",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_157",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_159"
      ],
      "jurisdiction": "none",
      "namespace": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
      "package": "grc-stoic-indemonstrables",
      "title": "Пять стоических индемонстраблей по Диогену Лаэртскому и Сексту Эмпирику — вне юрисдикции государства — доктрина — EXECUTABLE 3 §33.1"
    }
  ],
  "caseHash": "sha256:8ab75b84ad425c960064785d0f619eddfb4249c3accf352586f1c89c5fc7de0d",
  "codeHash": "sha256:9bcca6a33805c1c364ca1bc8e9d39d6a9c51ba44203c0406bafbf397b96be699",
  "jurisdiction": "вне юрисдикции государства",
  "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
  "mode": "audit",
  "programHash": "sha256:e2f4a762812ed3108f558e351eeaeff0a8aef1e08bb356e1e5c93d7c300833b4",
  "resultHash": "sha256:e8102e574c5af8d6ef38877201df4a7181192327e2284516632f69a225995864",
  "rustCodeHash": "sha256:d368cafc7162ed7a6563df5e5c943a57be26fa8aeb3179b530fe3bdd67fe9be4",
  "timezone": "Asia/Qyzylorda"
}

evaluation SHA-256: sha256:a60282dd527955dd7a80384159c30d080ed78483fe96f95c952344a49d656fad

Original data · JSON

{
  "args": [
    "urn:stoic:test:inference",
    "urn:stoic:test:b"
  ],
  "facts": [
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:inference",
        "urn:stoic:test:conditional"
      ],
      "predicate": "major_premise"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:inference",
        "urn:stoic:test:a"
      ],
      "predicate": "minor_premise"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:inference",
        "urn:stoic:test:b"
      ],
      "predicate": "conclusion_requested"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:conditional",
        "urn:stoic:test:a",
        "urn:stoic:test:b"
      ],
      "predicate": "is_conditional"
    }
  ],
  "kind": "truth",
  "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
  "package": "grc-stoic-indemonstrables",
  "predicate": "licensed_conclusion",
  "proof": true,
  "selectedInterpretations": [
    "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DiogenesFifthReading"
  ]
}

Условная большая посылка и утверждение основания дают дозволенный вывод следствия.

Condition

Второй: если A, то B; не B; следовательно A?

Context date 0001-01-01

Calculation result

Refuted

Input parameters

What we are finding

предъявленные посылки лицензируют пропозицию как заключение

inferencea

Input facts

пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого вывода
i: inferencep: conditional
пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого вывода
i: inferencep: not-b
для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключение
i: inferencep: a
пропозиция имеет форму «если antecedent, то consequent»
p: conditionalantecedent: aconsequent: b
первая пропозиция есть противоречащее отрицание второй
negative: not-bpositive: b

Additional details

Include proof: Yes
selectedInterpretations: DiogenesFifthReading

Original data · JSON

{
  "args": [
    "urn:stoic:test:inference",
    "urn:stoic:test:a"
  ],
  "facts": [
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:inference",
        "urn:stoic:test:conditional"
      ],
      "predicate": "major_premise"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:inference",
        "urn:stoic:test:not-b"
      ],
      "predicate": "minor_premise"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:inference",
        "urn:stoic:test:a"
      ],
      "predicate": "conclusion_requested"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:conditional",
        "urn:stoic:test:a",
        "urn:stoic:test:b"
      ],
      "predicate": "is_conditional"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:not-b",
        "urn:stoic:test:b"
      ],
      "predicate": "is_negation_of"
    }
  ],
  "kind": "truth",
  "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
  "package": "grc-stoic-indemonstrables",
  "predicate": "licensed_conclusion",
  "proof": true,
  "selectedInterpretations": [
    "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DiogenesFifthReading"
  ]
}

Why this resultApplied rules and conditions

Derivation path7 steps

1
пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого вывода
i: urn:stoic:test:inference; p: urn:stoic:test:conditional
case fact
2
пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого вывода
i: urn:stoic:test:inference; p: urn:stoic:test:not-b
case fact
3
для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключение
i: urn:stoic:test:inference; p: urn:stoic:test:a
case fact
4
пропозиция имеет форму «если antecedent, то consequent»
p: urn:stoic:test:conditional; antecedent: urn:stoic:test:a; consequent: urn:stoic:test:b
case fact
5
первая пропозиция есть противоречащее отрицание второй
negative: urn:stoic:test:not-b; positive: urn:stoic:test:b
case fact
6
вторая схема: если первое, то второе; не второе; значит не первое
not предъявленные посылки лицензируют пропозицию как заключение: i: urn:stoic:test:inference; p: urn:stoic:test:a
sec. 80, sec. 157, sec. 160
Identifier
urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SecondIndemonstrable
rule
7
Query evaluation
query

verified by the engine: 2 · case fact: 5 · Full graph: 9 nodes

Steps of the saved proof from the case facts to the answer. Formulas are shown as written in the norm with bound values substituted; the page recomputes nothing.

Basis of this answer

Rules on the saved proof path for this answer.

Пять стоических индемонстраблей по Диогену Лаэртскому и Сексту Эмпирику — вне юрисдикции государства — доктрина

вторая схема: если первое, то второе; не второе; значит не первое
Identifier
urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SecondIndemonstrable

Other derived facts1

Original data · JSON

"не licensed_conclusion(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:a)"

0 further derived facts are not shown: the engine keeps the ones relevant to the question in its compact answer. The full list is in the calculation JSON below.

Proof graph

Proof graph · 3 layer

Proof nodes: 9 · assertion 5, rule_application 1, constraint_check 1, interpretation_selection 1, query_evaluation 1

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1

attributes

assertion: fact-1

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
inference
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
conditional
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

major_premise

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-1

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-2

attributes

assertion: fact-2

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
inference
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
not-b
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

minor_premise

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-2

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3

attributes

assertion: fact-3

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
inference
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
a
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

conclusion_requested

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-3

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-4

attributes

assertion: fact-4

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
conditional
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
a
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
b
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

is_conditional

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-4

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-5

attributes

assertion: fact-5

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
not-b
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
b
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

is_negation_of

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-5

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

rule_application · urn:proof:apply:SecondIndemonstrable:ba6c29fbcb2a5217ffb49af64c78d54f897192bda5a9e7ece8088689a1ff32bf

attributes

—

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
inference
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
a
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

negative

Condition

licensed_conclusion

evidence

—

Identifier

ba6c29fbcb2a5217ffb49af64c78d54f897192bda5a9e7ece8088689a1ff32bf

Type

rule_application

Premises

fact-1
fact-2
fact-3
fact-4
fact-5

Rule

SecondIndemonstrable

sourceAnchors

—

substitution

Identifier: inference
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: conditional
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: a
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: b
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: not-b
Type: entity_ref

constraint_check · urn:proof:constraint:FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive:43134e6c52bce37d4c483f9d80a99d2c4f6ba5a502c5c056ad2eaa858f0bbbf6

attributes

—

conclusion

constraint: FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive
requirementStatus: Established
Calculation status: Satisfied
triggerStatus: Satisfied

evidence

—

Identifier

43134e6c52bce37d4c483f9d80a99d2c4f6ba5a502c5c056ad2eaa858f0bbbf6

Type

constraint_check

Premises

ba6c29fbcb2a5217ffb49af64c78d54f897192bda5a9e7ece8088689a1ff32bf
fact-3

sourceAnchors

—

substitution

Identifier: inference
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: a
Type: entity_ref

interpretation_selection · urn:proof:interpretation-selection

attributes

—

conclusion

selected: DiogenesFifthReading

evidence

—

Identifier

interpretation-selection

Type

interpretation_selection

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

query_evaluation · urn:proof:query:mcp

attributes

—

conclusion

literal

Arguments

Identifier
inference
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
a
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

licensed_conclusion

truthStatus

Refuted

evidence

—

Identifier

mcp

Type

query_evaluation

Premises

ba6c29fbcb2a5217ffb49af64c78d54f897192bda5a9e7ece8088689a1ff32bf

sourceAnchors

—

Calendar and proof identifiers

Proof reference: mcp

Original reasoning · JSON

{
  "derived": [
    "не licensed_conclusion(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:a)"
  ],
  "derivedOmitted": 0,
  "evaluation": {
    "proofGraph": {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-1"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:conditional",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#major_premise"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-2"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:not-b",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#minor_premise"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-2",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-3"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:a",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#conclusion_requested"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-4"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:conditional",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:a",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:b",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#is_conditional"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-4",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-5"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:not-b",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:b",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#is_negation_of"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-5",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {},
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:a",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "negative",
            "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#licensed_conclusion"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:apply:SecondIndemonstrable:ba6c29fbcb2a5217ffb49af64c78d54f897192bda5a9e7ece8088689a1ff32bf",
          "kind": "rule_application",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-2",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-4",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-5"
          ],
          "rule": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SecondIndemonstrable",
          "sourceAnchors": [],
          "substitution": {
            "v0": {
              "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v1": {
              "id": "urn:stoic:test:conditional",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v2": {
              "id": "urn:stoic:test:a",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v3": {
              "id": "urn:stoic:test:b",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v4": {
              "id": "urn:stoic:test:not-b",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "attributes": {},
          "conclusion": {
            "constraint": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive",
            "requirementStatus": "TRUE_ONLY",
            "status": "SATISFIED",
            "triggerStatus": "SATISFIED"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:constraint:FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive:43134e6c52bce37d4c483f9d80a99d2c4f6ba5a502c5c056ad2eaa858f0bbbf6",
          "kind": "constraint_check",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:apply:SecondIndemonstrable:ba6c29fbcb2a5217ffb49af64c78d54f897192bda5a9e7ece8088689a1ff32bf",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3"
          ],
          "sourceAnchors": [],
          "substitution": {
            "v0": {
              "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v1": {
              "id": "urn:stoic:test:a",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "attributes": {},
          "conclusion": {
            "selected": [
              "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DiogenesFifthReading"
            ]
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:interpretation-selection",
          "kind": "interpretation_selection",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {},
          "conclusion": {
            "literal": {
              "args": [
                {
                  "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
                  "kind": "entity_ref"
                },
                {
                  "id": "urn:stoic:test:a",
                  "kind": "entity_ref"
                }
              ],
              "kind": "literal",
              "polarity": "positive",
              "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#licensed_conclusion"
            },
            "truthStatus": "FALSE_ONLY"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:query:mcp",
          "kind": "query_evaluation",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:apply:SecondIndemonstrable:ba6c29fbcb2a5217ffb49af64c78d54f897192bda5a9e7ece8088689a1ff32bf"
          ],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        }
      ],
      "proofHash": "sha256:f0034e0f14cd802ae00b45510da89573534d6277a7692cf5e96d24c05ca45ced",
      "roots": [
        "urn:proof:constraint:FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive:43134e6c52bce37d4c483f9d80a99d2c4f6ba5a502c5c056ad2eaa858f0bbbf6",
        "urn:proof:query:mcp"
      ]
    },
    "resultHash": "sha256:276288d0eff430d3e04ba5c9b9b3442d25fb5b289ca479d7633a5c0d96727432",
    "schemaVersion": "law.core.evaluation/0.2"
  },
  "proofRef": "urn:proof:query:mcp",
  "rulesApplied": [
    "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SecondIndemonstrable"
  ]
}

SourcesExcerpts: 3

section/80

The first kind of indemonstrable statement is that in which the whole argument is constructed of a hypothetical proposition and the clause with which the hypothetical proposition begins, while the final clause is the conclusion; as e.g. If the first, then the second; but the first is, therefore the second is. The second is that which employs a hypothetical proposition and the contradictory of the consequent, while the conclusion is the contradictory of the antecedent; e.g. If it is day, it is light; but it is night, therefore it is not day. Here the minor premiss is the contradictory of the consequent; the conclusion the contradictory of the antecedent. The third kind of indemonstrable employs a conjunction of negative propositions for major premiss and one of the conjoined propositions for minor premiss, concluding thence the contradictory of the remaining proposition; e.g. It is not the case that Plato is both dead and alive; but he is dead, therefore Plato is not alive.

Original data · JSON

{
  "contentHash": "sha256:9983edf22aaebb3cb637437eb139db44abd8ee8d39eff23b648c11ff1ae8517c",
  "edition": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DIOGENES_HICKS_1925",
  "fragmentKind": "section",
  "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DL_7_80",
  "kind": "fragment",
  "labels": [
    {
      "language": "en",
      "status": "official",
      "text": "Section 80"
    },
    {
      "language": "ru",
      "status": "translation",
      "text": "параграф 80"
    }
  ],
  "locator": "section/80",
  "package": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
  "texts": [
    {
      "contentHash": "sha256:50b37e93df0ac0157da42a9fabee6d3ac1847ce220f62fbe25ba439e3455391e",
      "language": "en",
      "status": "official",
      "text": "The first kind of indemonstrable statement is that in which the whole argument is constructed of a hypothetical proposition and the clause with which the hypothetical proposition begins, while the final clause is the conclusion; as e.g. If the first, then the second; but the first is, therefore the second is. The second is that which employs a hypothetical proposition and the contradictory of the consequent, while the conclusion is the contradictory of the antecedent; e.g. If it is day, it is light; but it is night, therefore it is not day. Here the minor premiss is the contradictory of the consequent; the conclusion the contradictory of the antecedent. The third kind of indemonstrable employs a conjunction of negative propositions for major premiss and one of the conjoined propositions for minor premiss, concluding thence the contradictory of the remaining proposition; e.g. It is not the case that Plato is both dead and alive; but he is dead, therefore Plato is not alive."
    }
  ]
}

section/157

Now there are, in their imaginings, many non-demonstrable arguments, but the five which they chiefly propound, and to which all the rest can, it seems, be referred, are these. The first is that which deduces the consequent from the major premiss and the antecedent, as for example ‟If it is day, it is light; but in fact it is day; therefore it is light.” The second is that which deduces the opposite of the antecedent from the major premiss and the opposite of the consequent, as for example ‟If it is day, it is light; but it is not light; therefore it is not day.”

Original data · JSON

{
  "contentHash": "sha256:646f89a238207d1e78cf9eff6b550ba966166073c845c7414522cd200fa3375b",
  "edition": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SEXTUS_BURY_1933",
  "fragmentKind": "section",
  "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_157",
  "kind": "fragment",
  "labels": [
    {
      "language": "en",
      "status": "official",
      "text": "Section 157"
    },
    {
      "language": "ru",
      "status": "translation",
      "text": "параграф 157"
    }
  ],
  "locator": "section/157",
  "package": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
  "texts": [
    {
      "contentHash": "sha256:67d1f6c31637cf2aef4cd557f4fd92823d8c80df41ad46afd9586c7ddf1330ca",
      "language": "en",
      "status": "official",
      "text": "Now there are, in their imaginings, many non-demonstrable arguments, but the five which they chiefly propound, and to which all the rest can, it seems, be referred, are these. The first is that which deduces the consequent from the major premiss and the antecedent, as for example ‟If it is day, it is light; but in fact it is day; therefore it is light.” The second is that which deduces the opposite of the antecedent from the major premiss and the opposite of the consequent, as for example ‟If it is day, it is light; but it is not light; therefore it is not day.”"
    }
  ]
}

section/160

And in the case of the second non-demonstrable argument we make a similar objection. For it is either possible or impossible for the antecedent to be true when the consequent is not true. But if this is possible, the major premiss will not be valid; while if it is impossible, at the moment of positing ‟Not the consequent” we posit also ‟Not the antecedent,” and the major premiss is redundant once again, the argument propounded being ‟It is not light, therefore it is not day.”

Original data · JSON

{
  "contentHash": "sha256:a8053d1d777a092a16334c43287e4503e19b1ab419b2615a6c3839b33f0142ab",
  "edition": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SEXTUS_BURY_1933",
  "fragmentKind": "section",
  "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_160",
  "kind": "fragment",
  "labels": [
    {
      "language": "en",
      "status": "official",
      "text": "Section 160"
    },
    {
      "language": "ru",
      "status": "translation",
      "text": "параграф 160"
    }
  ],
  "locator": "section/160",
  "package": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
  "texts": [
    {
      "contentHash": "sha256:ddfb72643bc05139ee489b6d40d2a6d36ca8b0fa46f3e0c71bc1ddebf64f0004",
      "language": "en",
      "status": "official",
      "text": "And in the case of the second non-demonstrable argument we make a similar objection. For it is either possible or impossible for the antecedent to be true when the consequent is not true. But if this is possible, the major premiss will not be valid; while if it is impossible, at the moment of positing ‟Not the consequent” we posit also ‟Not the antecedent,” and the major premiss is redundant once again, the argument propounded being ‟It is not light, therefore it is not day.”"
    }
  ]
}

Packages in the snapshot

Пять стоических индемонстраблей по Диогену Лаэртскому и Сексту Эмпирику — вне юрисдикции государства — доктрина — EXECUTABLE 3 §33.1

Technical dataFull response, parameters and checksums

Calculation status: COMPUTED

Full engine response

licensed_conclusion: FALSE_ONLY — опровергнуто Выведено правом: не licensed_conclusion(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:a) Применены правила: SecondIndemonstrable Право (вне юрисдикции государства): Пять стоических индемонстраблей по Диогену Лаэртскому и Сексту Эмпирику — доктрина — EXECUTABLE 3 §33.1 (programHash sha256:e2f4a762812e…) proof-граф: 9 узлов — поле evaluation готово для law_explain

Complete machine result · JSON

{
  "answer": {
    "evaluationStatus": "COMPUTED",
    "kind": "TRUTH",
    "meaning": "опровергнуто",
    "missingInputs": [],
    "truthStatus": "FALSE_ONLY"
  },
  "closedEditionRules": [],
  "derived": [
    "не licensed_conclusion(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:a)"
  ],
  "derivedOmitted": 0,
  "evaluation": {
    "proofGraph": {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-1"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:conditional",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#major_premise"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-2"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:not-b",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#minor_premise"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-2",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-3"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:a",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#conclusion_requested"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-4"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:conditional",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:a",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:b",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#is_conditional"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-4",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-5"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:not-b",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:b",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#is_negation_of"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-5",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {},
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:a",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "negative",
            "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#licensed_conclusion"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:apply:SecondIndemonstrable:ba6c29fbcb2a5217ffb49af64c78d54f897192bda5a9e7ece8088689a1ff32bf",
          "kind": "rule_application",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-2",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-4",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-5"
          ],
          "rule": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SecondIndemonstrable",
          "sourceAnchors": [],
          "substitution": {
            "v0": {
              "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v1": {
              "id": "urn:stoic:test:conditional",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v2": {
              "id": "urn:stoic:test:a",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v3": {
              "id": "urn:stoic:test:b",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v4": {
              "id": "urn:stoic:test:not-b",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "attributes": {},
          "conclusion": {
            "constraint": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive",
            "requirementStatus": "TRUE_ONLY",
            "status": "SATISFIED",
            "triggerStatus": "SATISFIED"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:constraint:FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive:43134e6c52bce37d4c483f9d80a99d2c4f6ba5a502c5c056ad2eaa858f0bbbf6",
          "kind": "constraint_check",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:apply:SecondIndemonstrable:ba6c29fbcb2a5217ffb49af64c78d54f897192bda5a9e7ece8088689a1ff32bf",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3"
          ],
          "sourceAnchors": [],
          "substitution": {
            "v0": {
              "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v1": {
              "id": "urn:stoic:test:a",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "attributes": {},
          "conclusion": {
            "selected": [
              "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DiogenesFifthReading"
            ]
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:interpretation-selection",
          "kind": "interpretation_selection",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {},
          "conclusion": {
            "literal": {
              "args": [
                {
                  "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
                  "kind": "entity_ref"
                },
                {
                  "id": "urn:stoic:test:a",
                  "kind": "entity_ref"
                }
              ],
              "kind": "literal",
              "polarity": "positive",
              "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#licensed_conclusion"
            },
            "truthStatus": "FALSE_ONLY"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:query:mcp",
          "kind": "query_evaluation",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:apply:SecondIndemonstrable:ba6c29fbcb2a5217ffb49af64c78d54f897192bda5a9e7ece8088689a1ff32bf"
          ],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        }
      ],
      "proofHash": "sha256:f0034e0f14cd802ae00b45510da89573534d6277a7692cf5e96d24c05ca45ced",
      "roots": [
        "urn:proof:constraint:FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive:43134e6c52bce37d4c483f9d80a99d2c4f6ba5a502c5c056ad2eaa858f0bbbf6",
        "urn:proof:query:mcp"
      ]
    },
    "resultHash": "sha256:276288d0eff430d3e04ba5c9b9b3442d25fb5b289ca479d7633a5c0d96727432",
    "schemaVersion": "law.core.evaluation/0.2"
  },
  "evaluationStatus": "COMPUTED",
  "issues": [],
  "judgmentRequests": [],
  "proofRef": "urn:proof:query:mcp",
  "provenance": {
    "acts": [
      {
        "contributed": true,
        "fragmentCount": 10,
        "fragments": [
          "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DL_7_80",
          "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_157",
          "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_160"
        ],
        "jurisdiction": "none",
        "namespace": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
        "package": "grc-stoic-indemonstrables",
        "title": "Пять стоических индемонстраблей по Диогену Лаэртскому и Сексту Эмпирику — вне юрисдикции государства — доктрина — EXECUTABLE 3 §33.1"
      }
    ],
    "caseHash": "sha256:9d304b20962f257a0a8dc835f37fd6acc68799b47f0ae458686d56f68bf460a1",
    "codeHash": "sha256:9bcca6a33805c1c364ca1bc8e9d39d6a9c51ba44203c0406bafbf397b96be699",
    "jurisdiction": "вне юрисдикции государства",
    "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
    "mode": "audit",
    "programHash": "sha256:e2f4a762812ed3108f558e351eeaeff0a8aef1e08bb356e1e5c93d7c300833b4",
    "resultHash": "sha256:276288d0eff430d3e04ba5c9b9b3442d25fb5b289ca479d7633a5c0d96727432",
    "rustCodeHash": "sha256:d368cafc7162ed7a6563df5e5c943a57be26fa8aeb3179b530fe3bdd67fe9be4",
    "timezone": "Asia/Qyzylorda"
  },
  "rulesApplied": [
    "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SecondIndemonstrable"
  ],
  "signature": {
    "constants": {},
    "parameters": [
      {
        "labels": [],
        "name": "i",
        "type": {
          "name": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#Inference"
        }
      },
      {
        "labels": [],
        "name": "p",
        "type": {
          "name": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#Proposition"
        }
      }
    ],
    "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#licensed_conclusion",
    "schemaVersion": "law.answers.signature/0.1",
    "types": {
      "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#Inference": {
        "kind": "entity",
        "labels": [
          {
            "language": "en",
            "status": "translation",
            "text": "submitted inference: major premise, minor premise, and conclusion"
          },
          {
            "language": "ru",
            "status": "official",
            "text": "предъявленный вывод: большая посылка, малая посылка и заключение"
          }
        ],
        "namespace": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
        "package": "grc.stoici.indemonstrabilia"
      },
      "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#Proposition": {
        "kind": "entity",
        "labels": [
          {
            "language": "en",
            "status": "translation",
            "text": "proposition: truth-apt content"
          },
          {
            "language": "grc",
            "status": "official",
            "text": "ἀξίωμα"
          },
          {
            "language": "ru",
            "status": "translation",
            "text": "пропозиция: содержание, способное быть истинным или ложным"
          }
        ],
        "namespace": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
        "package": "grc.stoici.indemonstrabilia"
      }
    },
    "vocab": {}
  },
  "vulnerableTo": [],
  "whyNot": []
}

Execution · JSON

{
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          "language": "en",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "submitted inference: major premise, minor premise, and conclusion"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "предъявленный вывод: большая посылка, малая посылка и заключение"
        }
      ],
      "name": "Inference",
      "package": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#Proposition",
      "kind": "type_decl",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "proposition: truth-apt content"
        },
        {
          "language": "grc",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "ἀξίωμα"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "пропозиция: содержание, способное быть истинным или ложным"
        }
      ],
      "name": "Proposition",
      "package": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_157",
      "kind": "fragment",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "Section 157"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "параграф 157"
        }
      ],
      "package": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_160",
      "kind": "fragment",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "Section 160"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "параграф 160"
        }
      ],
      "package": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SecondIndemonstrable",
      "kind": "rule",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "second indemonstrable: if the first then the second; not the second; therefore not the first"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "вторая схема: если первое, то второе; не второе; значит не первое"
        }
      ],
      "package": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
      "strength": "strict"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#conclusion_requested",
      "kind": "symbol_decl",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "the proposition is submitted as the conclusion to be checked"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключение"
        }
      ],
      "name": "conclusion_requested",
      "package": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
      "parameters": [
        {
          "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#conclusion_requested/arg/i",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "i",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#Inference"
          }
        },
        {
          "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#conclusion_requested/arg/p",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "p",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#Proposition"
          }
        }
      ],
      "symbolKind": "relation"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#is_conditional",
      "kind": "symbol_decl",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "the proposition is a conditional with this antecedent and consequent"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "пропозиция имеет форму «если antecedent, то consequent»"
        }
      ],
      "name": "is_conditional",
      "package": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
      "parameters": [
        {
          "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#is_conditional/arg/p",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "p",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#Proposition"
          }
        },
        {
          "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#is_conditional/arg/antecedent",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "antecedent",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#Proposition"
          }
        },
        {
          "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#is_conditional/arg/consequent",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "consequent",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#Proposition"
          }
        }
      ],
      "symbolKind": "relation"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#is_negation_of",
      "kind": "symbol_decl",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "the first proposition is the contradictory negation of the second"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "первая пропозиция есть противоречащее отрицание второй"
        }
      ],
      "name": "is_negation_of",
      "package": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
      "parameters": [
        {
          "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#is_negation_of/arg/negative",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "negative",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#Proposition"
          }
        },
        {
          "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#is_negation_of/arg/positive",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "positive",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#Proposition"
          }
        }
      ],
      "symbolKind": "relation"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#licensed_conclusion",
      "kind": "symbol_decl",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "the submitted premises license the proposition as conclusion"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "предъявленные посылки лицензируют пропозицию как заключение"
        }
      ],
      "name": "licensed_conclusion",
      "package": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
      "parameters": [
        {
          "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#licensed_conclusion/arg/i",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "i",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#Inference"
          }
        },
        {
          "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#licensed_conclusion/arg/p",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "p",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#Proposition"
          }
        }
      ],
      "symbolKind": "relation"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#major_premise",
      "kind": "symbol_decl",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "the proposition is the major premise of this inference"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого вывода"
        }
      ],
      "name": "major_premise",
      "package": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
      "parameters": [
        {
          "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#major_premise/arg/i",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "i",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#Inference"
          }
        },
        {
          "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#major_premise/arg/p",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "p",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#Proposition"
          }
        }
      ],
      "symbolKind": "relation"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#minor_premise",
      "kind": "symbol_decl",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "the proposition is the minor premise of this inference"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого вывода"
        }
      ],
      "name": "minor_premise",
      "package": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
      "parameters": [
        {
          "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#minor_premise/arg/i",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "i",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#Inference"
          }
        },
        {
          "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#minor_premise/arg/p",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "p",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#Proposition"
          }
        }
      ],
      "symbolKind": "relation"
    }
  ],
  "tables": []
}

JSON · calculations, sources and exact data

{
  "acts": [
    {
      "contributed": true,
      "fragmentCount": 10,
      "fragments": [
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DL_7_80",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_157",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_160"
      ],
      "jurisdiction": "none",
      "namespace": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
      "package": "grc-stoic-indemonstrables",
      "title": "Пять стоических индемонстраблей по Диогену Лаэртскому и Сексту Эмпирику — вне юрисдикции государства — доктрина — EXECUTABLE 3 §33.1"
    }
  ],
  "caseHash": "sha256:9d304b20962f257a0a8dc835f37fd6acc68799b47f0ae458686d56f68bf460a1",
  "codeHash": "sha256:9bcca6a33805c1c364ca1bc8e9d39d6a9c51ba44203c0406bafbf397b96be699",
  "jurisdiction": "вне юрисдикции государства",
  "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
  "mode": "audit",
  "programHash": "sha256:e2f4a762812ed3108f558e351eeaeff0a8aef1e08bb356e1e5c93d7c300833b4",
  "resultHash": "sha256:276288d0eff430d3e04ba5c9b9b3442d25fb5b289ca479d7633a5c0d96727432",
  "rustCodeHash": "sha256:d368cafc7162ed7a6563df5e5c943a57be26fa8aeb3179b530fe3bdd67fe9be4",
  "timezone": "Asia/Qyzylorda"
}

evaluation SHA-256: sha256:478279376c250baf85bae7fdc09d6d08f53f3b480c375516b6b15f042f54dea5

Original data · JSON

{
  "args": [
    "urn:stoic:test:inference",
    "urn:stoic:test:a"
  ],
  "facts": [
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:inference",
        "urn:stoic:test:conditional"
      ],
      "predicate": "major_premise"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:inference",
        "urn:stoic:test:not-b"
      ],
      "predicate": "minor_premise"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:inference",
        "urn:stoic:test:a"
      ],
      "predicate": "conclusion_requested"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:conditional",
        "urn:stoic:test:a",
        "urn:stoic:test:b"
      ],
      "predicate": "is_conditional"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:not-b",
        "urn:stoic:test:b"
      ],
      "predicate": "is_negation_of"
    }
  ],
  "kind": "truth",
  "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
  "package": "grc-stoic-indemonstrables",
  "predicate": "licensed_conclusion",
  "proof": true,
  "selectedInterpretations": [
    "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DiogenesFifthReading"
  ]
}

Отрицание следствия не дозволяет вывод основания: вывод опровергнут строгим правилом второго способа.

Condition

Четвёртый: либо A, либо B; A; следовательно B?

Context date 0001-01-01

Calculation result

Refuted

Input parameters

What we are finding

предъявленные посылки лицензируют пропозицию как заключение

inferenceb

Input facts

пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого вывода
i: inferencep: disjunction
пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого вывода
i: inferencep: a
для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключение
i: inferencep: b
пропозиция есть исключающая дизъюнкция first и second
p: disjunctionfirst: asecond: b

Additional details

Include proof: Yes
selectedInterpretations: DiogenesFifthReading

Original data · JSON

{
  "args": [
    "urn:stoic:test:inference",
    "urn:stoic:test:b"
  ],
  "facts": [
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:inference",
        "urn:stoic:test:disjunction"
      ],
      "predicate": "major_premise"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:inference",
        "urn:stoic:test:a"
      ],
      "predicate": "minor_premise"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:inference",
        "urn:stoic:test:b"
      ],
      "predicate": "conclusion_requested"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:disjunction",
        "urn:stoic:test:a",
        "urn:stoic:test:b"
      ],
      "predicate": "is_exclusive_disjunction"
    }
  ],
  "kind": "truth",
  "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
  "package": "grc-stoic-indemonstrables",
  "predicate": "licensed_conclusion",
  "proof": true,
  "selectedInterpretations": [
    "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DiogenesFifthReading"
  ]
}

Why this resultApplied rules and conditions

Derivation path6 steps

1
пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого вывода
i: urn:stoic:test:inference; p: urn:stoic:test:disjunction
case fact
2
пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого вывода
i: urn:stoic:test:inference; p: urn:stoic:test:a
case fact
3
для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключение
i: urn:stoic:test:inference; p: urn:stoic:test:b
case fact
4
пропозиция есть исключающая дизъюнкция first и second
p: urn:stoic:test:disjunction; first: urn:stoic:test:a; second: urn:stoic:test:b
case fact
5
четвёртая схема: либо первое, либо второе; первое; значит не второе
not предъявленные посылки лицензируют пропозицию как заключение: i: urn:stoic:test:inference; p: urn:stoic:test:b
sec. 81, sec. 158, sec. 162
Identifier
urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#FourthIndemonstrable
rule
6
Query evaluation
query

verified by the engine: 2 · case fact: 4 · Full graph: 8 nodes

Steps of the saved proof from the case facts to the answer. Formulas are shown as written in the norm with bound values substituted; the page recomputes nothing.

Basis of this answer

Rules on the saved proof path for this answer.

Пять стоических индемонстраблей по Диогену Лаэртскому и Сексту Эмпирику — вне юрисдикции государства — доктрина

четвёртая схема: либо первое, либо второе; первое; значит не второе
Identifier
urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#FourthIndemonstrable

Other derived facts1

Original data · JSON

"не licensed_conclusion(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b)"

0 further derived facts are not shown: the engine keeps the ones relevant to the question in its compact answer. The full list is in the calculation JSON below.

Proof graph

Proof graph · 3 layer

Proof nodes: 8 · assertion 4, rule_application 1, constraint_check 1, interpretation_selection 1, query_evaluation 1

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1

attributes

assertion: fact-1

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
inference
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
disjunction
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

major_premise

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-1

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-2

attributes

assertion: fact-2

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
inference
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
a
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

minor_premise

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-2

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3

attributes

assertion: fact-3

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
inference
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
b
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

conclusion_requested

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-3

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-4

attributes

assertion: fact-4

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
disjunction
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
a
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
b
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

is_exclusive_disjunction

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-4

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

rule_application · urn:proof:apply:FourthIndemonstrable:11927698310528c8cf3b0ff5f5ad6509afbf64bda9ec222c1fc0aaaa11543403

attributes

—

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
inference
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
b
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

negative

Condition

licensed_conclusion

evidence

—

Identifier

11927698310528c8cf3b0ff5f5ad6509afbf64bda9ec222c1fc0aaaa11543403

Type

rule_application

Premises

fact-1
fact-2
fact-3
fact-4

Rule

FourthIndemonstrable

sourceAnchors

—

substitution

Identifier: inference
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: disjunction
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: a
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: b
Type: entity_ref

constraint_check · urn:proof:constraint:FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive:99167fe497b36cddd51e31a299f407c7103afe3570d9a97bfbc02c9599343671

attributes

—

conclusion

constraint: FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive
requirementStatus: Established
Calculation status: Satisfied
triggerStatus: Satisfied

evidence

—

Identifier

99167fe497b36cddd51e31a299f407c7103afe3570d9a97bfbc02c9599343671

Type

constraint_check

Premises

11927698310528c8cf3b0ff5f5ad6509afbf64bda9ec222c1fc0aaaa11543403
fact-3

sourceAnchors

—

substitution

Identifier: inference
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: b
Type: entity_ref

interpretation_selection · urn:proof:interpretation-selection

attributes

—

conclusion

selected: DiogenesFifthReading

evidence

—

Identifier

interpretation-selection

Type

interpretation_selection

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

query_evaluation · urn:proof:query:mcp

attributes

—

conclusion

literal

Arguments

Identifier
inference
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
b
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

licensed_conclusion

truthStatus

Refuted

evidence

—

Identifier

mcp

Type

query_evaluation

Premises

11927698310528c8cf3b0ff5f5ad6509afbf64bda9ec222c1fc0aaaa11543403

sourceAnchors

—

Calendar and proof identifiers

Proof reference: mcp

Original reasoning · JSON

{
  "derived": [
    "не licensed_conclusion(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b)"
  ],
  "derivedOmitted": 0,
  "evaluation": {
    "proofGraph": {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-1"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:disjunction",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#major_premise"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-2"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:a",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#minor_premise"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-2",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-3"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:b",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#conclusion_requested"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
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SourcesExcerpts: 3

section/81

The fourth kind employs a disjunctive proposition and one of the two alternatives in the disjunction as premisses, and its conclusion is the contradictory of the other alternative; e.g. Either A or B; but A is, therefore B is not. The fifth kind is that in which the argument as a whole is constructed of a disjunctive proposition and the contradictory of one of the alternatives in the disjunction, its conclusion being the other alternative; e.g. Either it is day or it is night; but it is not night, therefore it is day. From a truth a truth follows, according to the Stoics, as e.g. It is light from It is day; and from a falsehood a falsehood, as It is dark from It is night, if this latter be untrue. Also a truth may follow from a falsehood; e.g. from The earth flies will follow The earth exists; whereas from a truth no falsehood will follow, for from the existence of the earth it does not follow that the earth flies aloft.

Original data · JSON

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    }
  ]
}

section/158

The third deduces from the negation of a coupled premiss and the affirmation of one of its clauses the opposite of the other clause, as for example ‟It is not both night and day; but it is day; therefore it is not night.” The fourth deduces from a disjunctive premiss and one of its alternative clauses the opposite of the other, as for example ‟Either it is day or it is night; but it is day; therefore it is not night.” The fifth deduces from a disjunctive premiss and the opposite of one of its clauses the other clause, as for example ‟Either it is day or it is night; but it is not night; therefore it is day.”

Original data · JSON

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      "text": "The third deduces from the negation of a coupled premiss and the affirmation of one of its clauses the opposite of the other clause, as for example ‟It is not both night and day; but it is day; therefore it is not night.” The fourth deduces from a disjunctive premiss and one of its alternative clauses the opposite of the other, as for example ‟Either it is day or it is night; but it is day; therefore it is not night.” The fifth deduces from a disjunctive premiss and the opposite of one of its clauses the other clause, as for example ‟Either it is day or it is night; but it is not night; therefore it is day.”"
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}

section/162

And we deal in like manner with the fourth non-demonstrable argument and the fifth. For either it is pre-evident or it is non-evident that in the disjunctive premiss one clause is true, the other false, in complete contradiction, as the disjunctive proclaims. And if this is non-evident, we shall not grant the disjunctive; but if it is pre-evident, if one of its clauses be affirmed it is apparent that the other is not true, and if one is negated it is pre-evident that the other is true, so that it is sufficient to frame the argument thus—‟It is day, therefore it is not night,” or ‟It is not day, therefore it is night;” and the disjunctive premiss is redundant.

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Packages in the snapshot

Пять стоических индемонстраблей по Диогену Лаэртскому и Сексту Эмпирику — вне юрисдикции государства — доктрина — EXECUTABLE 3 §33.1

Technical dataFull response, parameters and checksums

Calculation status: COMPUTED

Full engine response

licensed_conclusion: FALSE_ONLY — опровергнуто Выведено правом: не licensed_conclusion(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b) Применены правила: FourthIndemonstrable Право (вне юрисдикции государства): Пять стоических индемонстраблей по Диогену Лаэртскому и Сексту Эмпирику — доктрина — EXECUTABLE 3 §33.1 (programHash sha256:e2f4a762812e…) proof-граф: 8 узлов — поле evaluation готово для law_explain

Complete machine result · JSON

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      "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#Proposition": {
        "kind": "entity",
        "labels": [
          {
            "language": "en",
            "status": "translation",
            "text": "proposition: truth-apt content"
          },
          {
            "language": "grc",
            "status": "official",
            "text": "ἀξίωμα"
          },
          {
            "language": "ru",
            "status": "translation",
            "text": "пропозиция: содержание, способное быть истинным или ложным"
          }
        ],
        "namespace": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
        "package": "grc.stoici.indemonstrabilia"
      }
    },
    "vocab": {}
  },
  "vulnerableTo": [],
  "whyNot": []
}

Execution · JSON

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Display metadata

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        }
      ],
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        },
        {
          "language": "ru",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "четвёртая схема: либо первое, либо второе; первое; значит не второе"
        }
      ],
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          "status": "translation",
          "text": "submitted inference: major premise, minor premise, and conclusion"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "предъявленный вывод: большая посылка, малая посылка и заключение"
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      ],
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          "language": "en",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "proposition: truth-apt content"
        },
        {
          "language": "grc",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "ἀξίωμα"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "пропозиция: содержание, способное быть истинным или ложным"
        }
      ],
      "name": "Proposition",
      "package": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_158",
      "kind": "fragment",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "Section 158"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "параграф 158"
        }
      ],
      "package": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_162",
      "kind": "fragment",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "Section 162"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "параграф 162"
        }
      ],
      "package": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#conclusion_requested",
      "kind": "symbol_decl",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "the proposition is submitted as the conclusion to be checked"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключение"
        }
      ],
      "name": "conclusion_requested",
      "package": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
      "parameters": [
        {
          "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#conclusion_requested/arg/i",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "i",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#Inference"
          }
        },
        {
          "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#conclusion_requested/arg/p",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "p",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#Proposition"
          }
        }
      ],
      "symbolKind": "relation"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#is_exclusive_disjunction",
      "kind": "symbol_decl",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "the proposition is the exclusive disjunction of first and second"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "пропозиция есть исключающая дизъюнкция first и second"
        }
      ],
      "name": "is_exclusive_disjunction",
      "package": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
      "parameters": [
        {
          "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#is_exclusive_disjunction/arg/p",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "p",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#Proposition"
          }
        },
        {
          "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#is_exclusive_disjunction/arg/first",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "first",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#Proposition"
          }
        },
        {
          "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#is_exclusive_disjunction/arg/second",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "second",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#Proposition"
          }
        }
      ],
      "symbolKind": "relation"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#licensed_conclusion",
      "kind": "symbol_decl",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "the submitted premises license the proposition as conclusion"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "предъявленные посылки лицензируют пропозицию как заключение"
        }
      ],
      "name": "licensed_conclusion",
      "package": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
      "parameters": [
        {
          "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#licensed_conclusion/arg/i",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "i",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#Inference"
          }
        },
        {
          "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#licensed_conclusion/arg/p",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "p",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#Proposition"
          }
        }
      ],
      "symbolKind": "relation"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#major_premise",
      "kind": "symbol_decl",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "the proposition is the major premise of this inference"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого вывода"
        }
      ],
      "name": "major_premise",
      "package": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
      "parameters": [
        {
          "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#major_premise/arg/i",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "i",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#Inference"
          }
        },
        {
          "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#major_premise/arg/p",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "p",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#Proposition"
          }
        }
      ],
      "symbolKind": "relation"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#minor_premise",
      "kind": "symbol_decl",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "the proposition is the minor premise of this inference"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого вывода"
        }
      ],
      "name": "minor_premise",
      "package": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
      "parameters": [
        {
          "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#minor_premise/arg/i",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "i",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#Inference"
          }
        },
        {
          "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#minor_premise/arg/p",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "p",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#Proposition"
          }
        }
      ],
      "symbolKind": "relation"
    }
  ],
  "tables": []
}

JSON · calculations, sources and exact data

{
  "acts": [
    {
      "contributed": true,
      "fragmentCount": 10,
      "fragments": [
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DL_7_81",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_158",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_162"
      ],
      "jurisdiction": "none",
      "namespace": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
      "package": "grc-stoic-indemonstrables",
      "title": "Пять стоических индемонстраблей по Диогену Лаэртскому и Сексту Эмпирику — вне юрисдикции государства — доктрина — EXECUTABLE 3 §33.1"
    }
  ],
  "caseHash": "sha256:a7279785f24045bf4c671216664b4193cbb6051a6107568085757d67d9ed1b3e",
  "codeHash": "sha256:9bcca6a33805c1c364ca1bc8e9d39d6a9c51ba44203c0406bafbf397b96be699",
  "jurisdiction": "вне юрисдикции государства",
  "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
  "mode": "audit",
  "programHash": "sha256:e2f4a762812ed3108f558e351eeaeff0a8aef1e08bb356e1e5c93d7c300833b4",
  "resultHash": "sha256:d48fd388b8865d83be4ac55f2f5a503317783f2078fe5c34d7664a1ab1c4dc8b",
  "rustCodeHash": "sha256:d368cafc7162ed7a6563df5e5c943a57be26fa8aeb3179b530fe3bdd67fe9be4",
  "timezone": "Asia/Qyzylorda"
}

evaluation SHA-256: sha256:a96321ab7b83f179fc004095041d90d9ffa2636f2cfd73b826e9b99a991c6ab2

Original data · JSON

{
  "args": [
    "urn:stoic:test:inference",
    "urn:stoic:test:b"
  ],
  "facts": [
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:inference",
        "urn:stoic:test:disjunction"
      ],
      "predicate": "major_premise"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:inference",
        "urn:stoic:test:a"
      ],
      "predicate": "minor_premise"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:inference",
        "urn:stoic:test:b"
      ],
      "predicate": "conclusion_requested"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:disjunction",
        "urn:stoic:test:a",
        "urn:stoic:test:b"
      ],
      "predicate": "is_exclusive_disjunction"
    }
  ],
  "kind": "truth",
  "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
  "package": "grc-stoic-indemonstrables",
  "predicate": "licensed_conclusion",
  "proof": true,
  "selectedInterpretations": [
    "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DiogenesFifthReading"
  ]
}

Утверждение одного члена строгой дизъюнкции опровергает другой: четвёртый способ.

Condition

Пятый по Диогену: либо A, либо B; не B; следовательно A

Context date 0001-01-01

Calculation result

Established

Input parameters

What we are finding

предъявленные посылки лицензируют пропозицию как заключение

inferencea

Input facts

пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого вывода
i: inferencep: disjunction
пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого вывода
i: inferencep: not-b
для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключение
i: inferencep: a
пропозиция есть исключающая дизъюнкция first и second
p: disjunctionfirst: asecond: b
первая пропозиция есть противоречащее отрицание второй
negative: not-bpositive: b

Additional details

Include proof: Yes
selectedInterpretations: DiogenesFifthReading

Original data · JSON

{
  "args": [
    "urn:stoic:test:inference",
    "urn:stoic:test:a"
  ],
  "facts": [
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:inference",
        "urn:stoic:test:disjunction"
      ],
      "predicate": "major_premise"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:inference",
        "urn:stoic:test:not-b"
      ],
      "predicate": "minor_premise"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:inference",
        "urn:stoic:test:a"
      ],
      "predicate": "conclusion_requested"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:disjunction",
        "urn:stoic:test:a",
        "urn:stoic:test:b"
      ],
      "predicate": "is_exclusive_disjunction"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:not-b",
        "urn:stoic:test:b"
      ],
      "predicate": "is_negation_of"
    }
  ],
  "kind": "truth",
  "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
  "package": "grc-stoic-indemonstrables",
  "predicate": "licensed_conclusion",
  "proof": true,
  "selectedInterpretations": [
    "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DiogenesFifthReading"
  ]
}

Why this resultApplied rules and conditions

Derivation path7 steps

1
пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого вывода
i: urn:stoic:test:inference; p: urn:stoic:test:disjunction
case fact
2
пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого вывода
i: urn:stoic:test:inference; p: urn:stoic:test:not-b
case fact
3
для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключение
i: urn:stoic:test:inference; p: urn:stoic:test:a
case fact
4
пропозиция есть исключающая дизъюнкция first и second
p: urn:stoic:test:disjunction; first: urn:stoic:test:a; second: urn:stoic:test:b
case fact
5
первая пропозиция есть противоречащее отрицание второй
negative: urn:stoic:test:not-b; positive: urn:stoic:test:b
case fact
6
пятая схема по порядку Диогена: либо первое, либо второе; не второе; значит первое
предъявленные посылки лицензируют пропозицию как заключение: i: urn:stoic:test:inference; p: urn:stoic:test:a
sec. 81
Identifier
urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#FifthIndemonstrableDiogenes
rule
7
Query evaluation
query

verified by the engine: 2 · case fact: 5 · Full graph: 9 nodes

Steps of the saved proof from the case facts to the answer. Formulas are shown as written in the norm with bound values substituted; the page recomputes nothing.

Basis of this answer

Rules on the saved proof path for this answer.

Пять стоических индемонстраблей по Диогену Лаэртскому и Сексту Эмпирику — вне юрисдикции государства — доктрина

пятая схема по порядку Диогена: либо первое, либо второе; не второе; значит первое
Identifier
urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#FifthIndemonstrableDiogenes

Derived result for this query

предъявленные посылки лицензируют пропозицию как заключение
i: inferencep: a

Relationship graph

предъявленные посылки лицензируют пропозицию как заключение
i	p
inference	a

0 further derived facts are not shown: the engine keeps the ones relevant to the question in its compact answer. The full list is in the calculation JSON below.

What could defeat the conclusion3 rules

1
четвёртая схема: либо первое, либо второе; первое; значит не второе
What is missing
- пропозиция есть исключающая дизъюнкция first и seconddisjunction, not-b, aNot establishedthis is the missing one
- для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключениеinference, aEstablished
- пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого выводаinference, disjunctionEstablished
- пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого выводаinference, not-bEstablished
Source: sec. 81, sec. 158, sec. 162
Identifier
urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#FourthIndemonstrable
rule
2
вторая схема: если первое, то второе; не второе; значит не первое
What is missing
- пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого выводаinference, not-bEstablished
- для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключениеinference, aEstablished
- первая пропозиция есть противоречащее отрицание второйnot-b, bEstablished
- пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого выводаinference, disjunctionEstablished
- пропозиция имеет форму «если antecedent, то consequent»disjunction, a, bNot establishedthis is the missing one
Source: sec. 80, sec. 157, sec. 160
Identifier
urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SecondIndemonstrable
rule
3
третья схема: не оба; первое; значит не второе
What is missing
- пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого выводаinference, not-bEstablished
- пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого выводаinference, disjunctionEstablished
- для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключениеinference, aEstablished
- первая пропозиция есть противоречащее отрицание второйdisjunction, v2DEPENDSthis is the missing one
- пропозиция есть соединение first и secondv2, not-b, aDEPENDSthis is the missing one
Source: sec. 80, sec. 158, sec. 161
Identifier
urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#ThirdIndemonstrable
rule

These are the rules whose head answers the question, with their unmet premises. A missing fact is not a refuted one.

Proof graph

Proof graph · 3 layer

Proof nodes: 9 · assertion 5, rule_application 1, constraint_check 1, interpretation_selection 1, query_evaluation 1

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1

attributes

assertion: fact-1

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
inference
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
disjunction
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

major_premise

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-1

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-2

attributes

assertion: fact-2

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
inference
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
not-b
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

minor_premise

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-2

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3

attributes

assertion: fact-3

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
inference
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
a
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

conclusion_requested

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-3

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-4

attributes

assertion: fact-4

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
disjunction
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
a
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
b
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

is_exclusive_disjunction

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-4

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-5

attributes

assertion: fact-5

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
not-b
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
b
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

is_negation_of

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-5

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

rule_application · urn:proof:apply:FifthIndemonstrableDiogenes:41185cd20f9c5c1ebd9a0b3caee8b36df0e93952614d0d963b4148ee14332063

attributes

—

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
inference
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
a
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

licensed_conclusion

evidence

—

Identifier

41185cd20f9c5c1ebd9a0b3caee8b36df0e93952614d0d963b4148ee14332063

Type

rule_application

Premises

fact-1
fact-2
fact-3
fact-4
fact-5

Rule

FifthIndemonstrableDiogenes

sourceAnchors

—

substitution

Identifier: inference
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: disjunction
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: a
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: b
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: not-b
Type: entity_ref

constraint_check · urn:proof:constraint:FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive:3e9504fe5030e27f4f1d800ce6a21681b2c6057857db295cd7a28e6162465692

attributes

—

conclusion

constraint: FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive
requirementStatus: Established
Calculation status: Satisfied
triggerStatus: Satisfied

evidence

—

Identifier

3e9504fe5030e27f4f1d800ce6a21681b2c6057857db295cd7a28e6162465692

Type

constraint_check

Premises

41185cd20f9c5c1ebd9a0b3caee8b36df0e93952614d0d963b4148ee14332063
fact-3

sourceAnchors

—

substitution

Identifier: inference
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: a
Type: entity_ref

interpretation_selection · urn:proof:interpretation-selection

attributes

—

conclusion

selected: DiogenesFifthReading

evidence

—

Identifier

interpretation-selection

Type

interpretation_selection

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

query_evaluation · urn:proof:query:mcp

attributes

—

conclusion

literal

Arguments

Identifier
inference
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
a
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

licensed_conclusion

truthStatus

Established

evidence

—

Identifier

mcp

Type

query_evaluation

Premises

41185cd20f9c5c1ebd9a0b3caee8b36df0e93952614d0d963b4148ee14332063

sourceAnchors

—

Calendar and proof identifiers

Proof reference: mcp

Original reasoning · JSON

{
  "derived": [
    "licensed_conclusion(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:a)"
  ],
  "derivedOmitted": 0,
  "evaluation": {
    "proofGraph": {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-1"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:disjunction",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#major_premise"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-2"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:not-b",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#minor_premise"
          },
          "evidence": [],
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SourcesExcerpts: 7

section/80

The first kind of indemonstrable statement is that in which the whole argument is constructed of a hypothetical proposition and the clause with which the hypothetical proposition begins, while the final clause is the conclusion; as e.g. If the first, then the second; but the first is, therefore the second is. The second is that which employs a hypothetical proposition and the contradictory of the consequent, while the conclusion is the contradictory of the antecedent; e.g. If it is day, it is light; but it is night, therefore it is not day. Here the minor premiss is the contradictory of the consequent; the conclusion the contradictory of the antecedent. The third kind of indemonstrable employs a conjunction of negative propositions for major premiss and one of the conjoined propositions for minor premiss, concluding thence the contradictory of the remaining proposition; e.g. It is not the case that Plato is both dead and alive; but he is dead, therefore Plato is not alive.

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section/81

The fourth kind employs a disjunctive proposition and one of the two alternatives in the disjunction as premisses, and its conclusion is the contradictory of the other alternative; e.g. Either A or B; but A is, therefore B is not. The fifth kind is that in which the argument as a whole is constructed of a disjunctive proposition and the contradictory of one of the alternatives in the disjunction, its conclusion being the other alternative; e.g. Either it is day or it is night; but it is not night, therefore it is day. From a truth a truth follows, according to the Stoics, as e.g. It is light from It is day; and from a falsehood a falsehood, as It is dark from It is night, if this latter be untrue. Also a truth may follow from a falsehood; e.g. from The earth flies will follow The earth exists; whereas from a truth no falsehood will follow, for from the existence of the earth it does not follow that the earth flies aloft.

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      "text": "The fourth kind employs a disjunctive proposition and one of the two alternatives in the disjunction as premisses, and its conclusion is the contradictory of the other alternative; e.g. Either A or B; but A is, therefore B is not. The fifth kind is that in which the argument as a whole is constructed of a disjunctive proposition and the contradictory of one of the alternatives in the disjunction, its conclusion being the other alternative; e.g. Either it is day or it is night; but it is not night, therefore it is day. From a truth a truth follows, according to the Stoics, as e.g. It is light from It is day; and from a falsehood a falsehood, as It is dark from It is night, if this latter be untrue. Also a truth may follow from a falsehood; e.g. from The earth flies will follow The earth exists; whereas from a truth no falsehood will follow, for from the existence of the earth it does not follow that the earth flies aloft."
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section/157

Now there are, in their imaginings, many non-demonstrable arguments, but the five which they chiefly propound, and to which all the rest can, it seems, be referred, are these. The first is that which deduces the consequent from the major premiss and the antecedent, as for example ‟If it is day, it is light; but in fact it is day; therefore it is light.” The second is that which deduces the opposite of the antecedent from the major premiss and the opposite of the consequent, as for example ‟If it is day, it is light; but it is not light; therefore it is not day.”

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section/158

The third deduces from the negation of a coupled premiss and the affirmation of one of its clauses the opposite of the other clause, as for example ‟It is not both night and day; but it is day; therefore it is not night.” The fourth deduces from a disjunctive premiss and one of its alternative clauses the opposite of the other, as for example ‟Either it is day or it is night; but it is day; therefore it is not night.” The fifth deduces from a disjunctive premiss and the opposite of one of its clauses the other clause, as for example ‟Either it is day or it is night; but it is not night; therefore it is day.”

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    }
  ]
}

section/160

And in the case of the second non-demonstrable argument we make a similar objection. For it is either possible or impossible for the antecedent to be true when the consequent is not true. But if this is possible, the major premiss will not be valid; while if it is impossible, at the moment of positing ‟Not the consequent” we posit also ‟Not the antecedent,” and the major premiss is redundant once again, the argument propounded being ‟It is not light, therefore it is not day.”

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      "text": "And in the case of the second non-demonstrable argument we make a similar objection. For it is either possible or impossible for the antecedent to be true when the consequent is not true. But if this is possible, the major premiss will not be valid; while if it is impossible, at the moment of positing ‟Not the consequent” we posit also ‟Not the antecedent,” and the major premiss is redundant once again, the argument propounded being ‟It is not light, therefore it is not day.”"
    }
  ]
}

section/161

The same reasoning applies also to the third non-demonstrable argument. For either it is pre-evident that it is impossible for the clauses in the coupled premiss mutually to co-exist, or else it is non-evident. And if it is non-evident we shall not grant the negative of the coupled premiss; but if it is pre-evident, at the moment of positing the one clause the other is annulled, and the negative of the coupled premiss is redundant when we propound the argument in the form ‟It is day, therefore it is not night.”

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      "text": "The same reasoning applies also to the third non-demonstrable argument. For either it is pre-evident that it is impossible for the clauses in the coupled premiss mutually to co-exist, or else it is non-evident. And if it is non-evident we shall not grant the negative of the coupled premiss; but if it is pre-evident, at the moment of positing the one clause the other is annulled, and the negative of the coupled premiss is redundant when we propound the argument in the form ‟It is day, therefore it is not night.”"
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}

section/162

And we deal in like manner with the fourth non-demonstrable argument and the fifth. For either it is pre-evident or it is non-evident that in the disjunctive premiss one clause is true, the other false, in complete contradiction, as the disjunctive proclaims. And if this is non-evident, we shall not grant the disjunctive; but if it is pre-evident, if one of its clauses be affirmed it is apparent that the other is not true, and if one is negated it is pre-evident that the other is true, so that it is sufficient to frame the argument thus—‟It is day, therefore it is not night,” or ‟It is not day, therefore it is night;” and the disjunctive premiss is redundant.

Original data · JSON

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    }
  ]
}

Packages in the snapshot

Пять стоических индемонстраблей по Диогену Лаэртскому и Сексту Эмпирику — вне юрисдикции государства — доктрина — EXECUTABLE 3 §33.1

Technical dataFull response, parameters and checksums

Calculation status: COMPUTED

Full engine response

licensed_conclusion: TRUE_ONLY — установлено Выведено правом: licensed_conclusion(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:a) Применены правила: FifthIndemonstrableDiogenes Ответ поражаем правилом «fourth indemonstrable: either the first or the second; the first; therefore not the second» — оно отменило бы вывод, будь установлено: is_exclusive_disjunction(urn:stoic:test:disjunction, urn:stoic:test:not-b, urn:stoic:test:a) Ответ поражаем правилом «second indemonstrable: if the first then the second; not the second; therefore not the first» — оно отменило бы вывод, будь установлено: is_conditional(urn:stoic:test:disjunction, urn:stoic:test:a, urn:stoic:test:b) Ответ поражаем правилом «third indemonstrable: not both; the first; therefore not the second» — оно отменило бы вывод, будь установлено: is_negation_of(urn:stoic:test:disjunction, v2); is_conjunction(v2, urn:stoic:test:not-b, urn:stoic:test:a) (поражающее правило не сработало из-за неустановленных фактов — подайте их в facts, если они есть в деле) Право (вне юрисдикции государства): Пять стоических индемонстраблей по Диогену Лаэртскому и Сексту Эмпирику — доктрина — EXECUTABLE 3 §33.1 (programHash sha256:e2f4a762812e…) proof-граф: 9 узлов — поле evaluation готово для law_explain

Complete machine result · JSON

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  "closedEditionRules": [],
  "derived": [
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  "derivedOmitted": 0,
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          "sourceAnchors": [],
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        },
        {
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            "requirementStatus": "TRUE_ONLY",
            "status": "SATISFIED",
            "triggerStatus": "SATISFIED"
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          "premises": [
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          "sourceAnchors": [],
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          }
        },
        {
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          "conclusion": {
            "selected": [
              "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DiogenesFifthReading"
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          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:interpretation-selection",
          "kind": "interpretation_selection",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
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          "conclusion": {
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              ],
              "kind": "literal",
              "polarity": "positive",
              "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#licensed_conclusion"
            },
            "truthStatus": "TRUE_ONLY"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:query:mcp",
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      "proofHash": "sha256:1ad31e2340942150f6525e8ce4b1e1a6e6a1b3e8a9c8341a411b11f7f8c37acd",
      "roots": [
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    "resultHash": "sha256:f3448ccabb1c1c5b3461a17b1d7cd0efcaaa71fadd85f521a27c97fd8bf95d3f",
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  "issues": [],
  "judgmentRequests": [],
  "proofRef": "urn:proof:query:mcp",
  "provenance": {
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        "jurisdiction": "none",
        "namespace": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
        "package": "grc-stoic-indemonstrables",
        "title": "Пять стоических индемонстраблей по Диогену Лаэртскому и Сексту Эмпирику — вне юрисдикции государства — доктрина — EXECUTABLE 3 §33.1"
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    ],
    "caseHash": "sha256:b78f5723050efd6b4da3ac9886a49f53492a8709aebbf7df941e276c0f15ab31",
    "codeHash": "sha256:9bcca6a33805c1c364ca1bc8e9d39d6a9c51ba44203c0406bafbf397b96be699",
    "jurisdiction": "вне юрисдикции государства",
    "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
    "mode": "audit",
    "programHash": "sha256:e2f4a762812ed3108f558e351eeaeff0a8aef1e08bb356e1e5c93d7c300833b4",
    "resultHash": "sha256:f3448ccabb1c1c5b3461a17b1d7cd0efcaaa71fadd85f521a27c97fd8bf95d3f",
    "rustCodeHash": "sha256:d368cafc7162ed7a6563df5e5c943a57be26fa8aeb3179b530fe3bdd67fe9be4",
    "timezone": "Asia/Qyzylorda"
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  "rulesApplied": [
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  ],
  "signature": {
    "constants": {},
    "parameters": [
      {
        "labels": [],
        "name": "i",
        "type": {
          "name": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#Inference"
        }
      },
      {
        "labels": [],
        "name": "p",
        "type": {
          "name": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#Proposition"
        }
      }
    ],
    "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#licensed_conclusion",
    "schemaVersion": "law.answers.signature/0.1",
    "types": {
      "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#Inference": {
        "kind": "entity",
        "labels": [
          {
            "language": "en",
            "status": "translation",
            "text": "submitted inference: major premise, minor premise, and conclusion"
          },
          {
            "language": "ru",
            "status": "official",
            "text": "предъявленный вывод: большая посылка, малая посылка и заключение"
          }
        ],
        "namespace": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
        "package": "grc.stoici.indemonstrabilia"
      },
      "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#Proposition": {
        "kind": "entity",
        "labels": [
          {
            "language": "en",
            "status": "translation",
            "text": "proposition: truth-apt content"
          },
          {
            "language": "grc",
            "status": "official",
            "text": "ἀξίωμα"
          },
          {
            "language": "ru",
            "status": "translation",
            "text": "пропозиция: содержание, способное быть истинным или ложным"
          }
        ],
        "namespace": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
        "package": "grc.stoici.indemonstrabilia"
      }
    },
    "vocab": {}
  },
  "vulnerableTo": [
    {
      "anchors": [
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        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_158",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_162"
      ],
      "label": "fourth indemonstrable: either the first or the second; the first; therefore not the second",
      "missing": [
        "is_exclusive_disjunction(urn:stoic:test:disjunction, urn:stoic:test:not-b, urn:stoic:test:a)"
      ],
      "premises": [
        {
          "premise": "is_exclusive_disjunction(urn:stoic:test:disjunction, urn:stoic:test:not-b, urn:stoic:test:a)",
          "status": "NEITHER"
        },
        {
          "premise": "conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:a)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:disjunction)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:not-b)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        }
      ],
      "rule": "FourthIndemonstrable"
    },
    {
      "anchors": [
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        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_157",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_160"
      ],
      "label": "second indemonstrable: if the first then the second; not the second; therefore not the first",
      "missing": [
        "is_conditional(urn:stoic:test:disjunction, urn:stoic:test:a, urn:stoic:test:b)"
      ],
      "premises": [
        {
          "premise": "minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:not-b)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:a)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "is_negation_of(urn:stoic:test:not-b, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:disjunction)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "is_conditional(urn:stoic:test:disjunction, urn:stoic:test:a, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "NEITHER"
        }
      ],
      "rule": "SecondIndemonstrable"
    },
    {
      "anchors": [
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DL_7_80",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_158",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_161"
      ],
      "label": "third indemonstrable: not both; the first; therefore not the second",
      "missing": [
        "is_negation_of(urn:stoic:test:disjunction, v2)",
        "is_conjunction(v2, urn:stoic:test:not-b, urn:stoic:test:a)"
      ],
      "premises": [
        {
          "premise": "minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:not-b)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:disjunction)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:a)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "note": "зависит от несвязанной переменной",
          "premise": "is_negation_of(urn:stoic:test:disjunction, v2)",
          "status": "DEPENDS"
        },
        {
          "note": "зависит от несвязанной переменной",
          "premise": "is_conjunction(v2, urn:stoic:test:not-b, urn:stoic:test:a)",
          "status": "DEPENDS"
        }
      ],
      "rule": "ThirdIndemonstrable"
    }
  ],
  "whyNot": []
}

Execution · JSON

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Display metadata

This block is too large for inline viewing. It is included in full in the document JSON, without truncation.

Download JSON ↓

JSON · calculations, sources and exact data

{
  "acts": [
    {
      "contributed": true,
      "fragmentCount": 10,
      "fragments": [
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DL_7_81"
      ],
      "jurisdiction": "none",
      "namespace": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
      "package": "grc-stoic-indemonstrables",
      "title": "Пять стоических индемонстраблей по Диогену Лаэртскому и Сексту Эмпирику — вне юрисдикции государства — доктрина — EXECUTABLE 3 §33.1"
    }
  ],
  "caseHash": "sha256:b78f5723050efd6b4da3ac9886a49f53492a8709aebbf7df941e276c0f15ab31",
  "codeHash": "sha256:9bcca6a33805c1c364ca1bc8e9d39d6a9c51ba44203c0406bafbf397b96be699",
  "jurisdiction": "вне юрисдикции государства",
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  "timezone": "Asia/Qyzylorda"
}

evaluation SHA-256: sha256:ff0aa69a3c80a47b57c389ba20e631525e68920610b018ef4b33850c5644b242

Original data · JSON

{
  "args": [
    "urn:stoic:test:inference",
    "urn:stoic:test:a"
  ],
  "facts": [
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:inference",
        "urn:stoic:test:disjunction"
      ],
      "predicate": "major_premise"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:inference",
        "urn:stoic:test:not-b"
      ],
      "predicate": "minor_premise"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:inference",
        "urn:stoic:test:a"
      ],
      "predicate": "conclusion_requested"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:disjunction",
        "urn:stoic:test:a",
        "urn:stoic:test:b"
      ],
      "predicate": "is_exclusive_disjunction"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:not-b",
        "urn:stoic:test:b"
      ],
      "predicate": "is_negation_of"
    }
  ],
  "kind": "truth",
  "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
  "package": "grc-stoic-indemonstrables",
  "predicate": "licensed_conclusion",
  "proof": true,
  "selectedInterpretations": [
    "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DiogenesFifthReading"
  ]
}

Под прочтением Диогена Лаэртского отрицание второго члена дозволяет первый.

Condition

Пятый по Сексту: либо A, либо B; не A; следовательно B

Context date 0001-01-01

Calculation result

Established

Input parameters

What we are finding

предъявленные посылки лицензируют пропозицию как заключение

inferenceb

Input facts

пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого вывода
i: inferencep: disjunction
пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого вывода
i: inferencep: not-a
для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключение
i: inferencep: b
пропозиция есть исключающая дизъюнкция first и second
p: disjunctionfirst: asecond: b
первая пропозиция есть противоречащее отрицание второй
negative: not-apositive: a

Additional details

Include proof: Yes
selectedInterpretations: SextusFifthReading

Original data · JSON

{
  "args": [
    "urn:stoic:test:inference",
    "urn:stoic:test:b"
  ],
  "facts": [
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:inference",
        "urn:stoic:test:disjunction"
      ],
      "predicate": "major_premise"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:inference",
        "urn:stoic:test:not-a"
      ],
      "predicate": "minor_premise"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:inference",
        "urn:stoic:test:b"
      ],
      "predicate": "conclusion_requested"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:disjunction",
        "urn:stoic:test:a",
        "urn:stoic:test:b"
      ],
      "predicate": "is_exclusive_disjunction"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:not-a",
        "urn:stoic:test:a"
      ],
      "predicate": "is_negation_of"
    }
  ],
  "kind": "truth",
  "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
  "package": "grc-stoic-indemonstrables",
  "predicate": "licensed_conclusion",
  "proof": true,
  "selectedInterpretations": [
    "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SextusFifthReading"
  ]
}

Why this resultApplied rules and conditions

Derivation path7 steps

1
пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого вывода
i: urn:stoic:test:inference; p: urn:stoic:test:disjunction
case fact
2
пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого вывода
i: urn:stoic:test:inference; p: urn:stoic:test:not-a
case fact
3
для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключение
i: urn:stoic:test:inference; p: urn:stoic:test:b
case fact
4
пропозиция есть исключающая дизъюнкция first и second
p: urn:stoic:test:disjunction; first: urn:stoic:test:a; second: urn:stoic:test:b
case fact
5
первая пропозиция есть противоречащее отрицание второй
negative: urn:stoic:test:not-a; positive: urn:stoic:test:a
case fact
6
пятая схема по порядку Секста: либо первое, либо второе; не первое; значит второе
предъявленные посылки лицензируют пропозицию как заключение: i: urn:stoic:test:inference; p: urn:stoic:test:b
sec. 158, sec. 162
Identifier
urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#FifthIndemonstrableSextus
rule
7
Query evaluation
query

verified by the engine: 2 · case fact: 5 · Full graph: 9 nodes

Steps of the saved proof from the case facts to the answer. Formulas are shown as written in the norm with bound values substituted; the page recomputes nothing.

Basis of this answer

Rules on the saved proof path for this answer.

Пять стоических индемонстраблей по Диогену Лаэртскому и Сексту Эмпирику — вне юрисдикции государства — доктрина

пятая схема по порядку Секста: либо первое, либо второе; не первое; значит второе
Identifier
urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#FifthIndemonstrableSextus

Derived result for this query

предъявленные посылки лицензируют пропозицию как заключение
i: inferencep: b

Relationship graph

предъявленные посылки лицензируют пропозицию как заключение
i	p
inference	b

0 further derived facts are not shown: the engine keeps the ones relevant to the question in its compact answer. The full list is in the calculation JSON below.

What could defeat the conclusion3 rules

1
четвёртая схема: либо первое, либо второе; первое; значит не второе
What is missing
- пропозиция есть исключающая дизъюнкция first и seconddisjunction, a, bEstablished
- для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключениеinference, bEstablished
- пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого выводаinference, disjunctionEstablished
- пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого выводаinference, aNot establishedthis is the missing one
Source: sec. 81, sec. 158, sec. 162
Identifier
urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#FourthIndemonstrable
rule
2
вторая схема: если первое, то второе; не второе; значит не первое
What is missing
- пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого выводаinference, not-aEstablished
- для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключениеinference, bEstablished
- первая пропозиция есть противоречащее отрицание второйnot-a, aEstablished
- пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого выводаinference, disjunctionEstablished
- пропозиция имеет форму «если antecedent, то consequent»disjunction, b, aNot establishedthis is the missing one
Source: sec. 80, sec. 157, sec. 160
Identifier
urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SecondIndemonstrable
rule
3
третья схема: не оба; первое; значит не второе
What is missing
- пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого выводаinference, not-aEstablished
- пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого выводаinference, disjunctionEstablished
- для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключениеinference, bEstablished
- первая пропозиция есть противоречащее отрицание второйdisjunction, v2DEPENDSthis is the missing one
- пропозиция есть соединение first и secondv2, not-a, bDEPENDSthis is the missing one
Source: sec. 80, sec. 158, sec. 161
Identifier
urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#ThirdIndemonstrable
rule

These are the rules whose head answers the question, with their unmet premises. A missing fact is not a refuted one.

Proof graph

Proof graph · 3 layer

Proof nodes: 9 · assertion 5, rule_application 1, constraint_check 1, interpretation_selection 1, query_evaluation 1

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1

attributes

assertion: fact-1

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
inference
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
disjunction
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

major_premise

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-1

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-2

attributes

assertion: fact-2

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
inference
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
not-a
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

minor_premise

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-2

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3

attributes

assertion: fact-3

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
inference
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
b
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

conclusion_requested

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-3

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-4

attributes

assertion: fact-4

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
disjunction
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
a
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
b
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

is_exclusive_disjunction

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-4

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-5

attributes

assertion: fact-5

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
not-a
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
a
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

is_negation_of

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-5

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

rule_application · urn:proof:apply:FifthIndemonstrableSextus:4a3bdca9f50494d782037e21e5177c85fdfee329f446d2f7e82e5a3f4354edac

attributes

—

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
inference
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
b
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

licensed_conclusion

evidence

—

Identifier

4a3bdca9f50494d782037e21e5177c85fdfee329f446d2f7e82e5a3f4354edac

Type

rule_application

Premises

fact-1
fact-2
fact-3
fact-4
fact-5

Rule

FifthIndemonstrableSextus

sourceAnchors

—

substitution

Identifier: inference
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: disjunction
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: a
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: b
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: not-a
Type: entity_ref

constraint_check · urn:proof:constraint:FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive:c76b2df17ca7758f5ed5ae9568e7de011c2b114a9b7d63d323f2e9619025a984

attributes

—

conclusion

constraint: FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive
requirementStatus: Established
Calculation status: Satisfied
triggerStatus: Satisfied

evidence

—

Identifier

c76b2df17ca7758f5ed5ae9568e7de011c2b114a9b7d63d323f2e9619025a984

Type

constraint_check

Premises

4a3bdca9f50494d782037e21e5177c85fdfee329f446d2f7e82e5a3f4354edac
fact-3

sourceAnchors

—

substitution

Identifier: inference
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: b
Type: entity_ref

interpretation_selection · urn:proof:interpretation-selection

attributes

—

conclusion

selected: SextusFifthReading

evidence

—

Identifier

interpretation-selection

Type

interpretation_selection

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

query_evaluation · urn:proof:query:mcp

attributes

—

conclusion

literal

Arguments

Identifier
inference
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
b
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

licensed_conclusion

truthStatus

Established

evidence

—

Identifier

mcp

Type

query_evaluation

Premises

4a3bdca9f50494d782037e21e5177c85fdfee329f446d2f7e82e5a3f4354edac

sourceAnchors

—

Calendar and proof identifiers

Proof reference: mcp

Original reasoning · JSON

{
  "derived": [
    "licensed_conclusion(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b)"
  ],
  "derivedOmitted": 0,
  "evaluation": {
    "proofGraph": {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-1"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:disjunction",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#major_premise"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-2"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:not-a",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#minor_premise"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-2",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-3"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:b",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#conclusion_requested"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-4"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:disjunction",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:a",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:b",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#is_exclusive_disjunction"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-4",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-5"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:not-a",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:a",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#is_negation_of"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-5",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {},
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:b",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#licensed_conclusion"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:apply:FifthIndemonstrableSextus:4a3bdca9f50494d782037e21e5177c85fdfee329f446d2f7e82e5a3f4354edac",
          "kind": "rule_application",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-2",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-4",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-5"
          ],
          "rule": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#FifthIndemonstrableSextus",
          "sourceAnchors": [],
          "substitution": {
            "v0": {
              "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v1": {
              "id": "urn:stoic:test:disjunction",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v2": {
              "id": "urn:stoic:test:a",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v3": {
              "id": "urn:stoic:test:b",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v4": {
              "id": "urn:stoic:test:not-a",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "attributes": {},
          "conclusion": {
            "constraint": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive",
            "requirementStatus": "TRUE_ONLY",
            "status": "SATISFIED",
            "triggerStatus": "SATISFIED"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:constraint:FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive:c76b2df17ca7758f5ed5ae9568e7de011c2b114a9b7d63d323f2e9619025a984",
          "kind": "constraint_check",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:apply:FifthIndemonstrableSextus:4a3bdca9f50494d782037e21e5177c85fdfee329f446d2f7e82e5a3f4354edac",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3"
          ],
          "sourceAnchors": [],
          "substitution": {
            "v0": {
              "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v1": {
              "id": "urn:stoic:test:b",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "attributes": {},
          "conclusion": {
            "selected": [
              "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SextusFifthReading"
            ]
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:interpretation-selection",
          "kind": "interpretation_selection",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {},
          "conclusion": {
            "literal": {
              "args": [
                {
                  "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
                  "kind": "entity_ref"
                },
                {
                  "id": "urn:stoic:test:b",
                  "kind": "entity_ref"
                }
              ],
              "kind": "literal",
              "polarity": "positive",
              "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#licensed_conclusion"
            },
            "truthStatus": "TRUE_ONLY"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:query:mcp",
          "kind": "query_evaluation",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:apply:FifthIndemonstrableSextus:4a3bdca9f50494d782037e21e5177c85fdfee329f446d2f7e82e5a3f4354edac"
          ],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        }
      ],
      "proofHash": "sha256:0af362e0d1a0fbbe1cac31a332737b861d472bb5827c834bc2062697ec422552",
      "roots": [
        "urn:proof:constraint:FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive:c76b2df17ca7758f5ed5ae9568e7de011c2b114a9b7d63d323f2e9619025a984",
        "urn:proof:query:mcp"
      ]
    },
    "resultHash": "sha256:d0163dc01cf0e8691b6318c63cea3caebc826cadf060f9099b3699a49a764719",
    "schemaVersion": "law.core.evaluation/0.2"
  },
  "proofRef": "urn:proof:query:mcp",
  "rulesApplied": [
    "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#FifthIndemonstrableSextus"
  ],
  "vulnerableTo": [
    {
      "anchors": [
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DL_7_81",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_158",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_162"
      ],
      "label": "fourth indemonstrable: either the first or the second; the first; therefore not the second",
      "missing": [
        "minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:a)"
      ],
      "premises": [
        {
          "premise": "is_exclusive_disjunction(urn:stoic:test:disjunction, urn:stoic:test:a, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:disjunction)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:a)",
          "status": "NEITHER"
        }
      ],
      "rule": "FourthIndemonstrable"
    },
    {
      "anchors": [
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DL_7_80",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_157",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_160"
      ],
      "label": "second indemonstrable: if the first then the second; not the second; therefore not the first",
      "missing": [
        "is_conditional(urn:stoic:test:disjunction, urn:stoic:test:b, urn:stoic:test:a)"
      ],
      "premises": [
        {
          "premise": "minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:not-a)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "is_negation_of(urn:stoic:test:not-a, urn:stoic:test:a)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:disjunction)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "is_conditional(urn:stoic:test:disjunction, urn:stoic:test:b, urn:stoic:test:a)",
          "status": "NEITHER"
        }
      ],
      "rule": "SecondIndemonstrable"
    },
    {
      "anchors": [
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DL_7_80",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_158",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_161"
      ],
      "label": "third indemonstrable: not both; the first; therefore not the second",
      "missing": [
        "is_negation_of(urn:stoic:test:disjunction, v2)",
        "is_conjunction(v2, urn:stoic:test:not-a, urn:stoic:test:b)"
      ],
      "premises": [
        {
          "premise": "minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:not-a)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:disjunction)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "note": "зависит от несвязанной переменной",
          "premise": "is_negation_of(urn:stoic:test:disjunction, v2)",
          "status": "DEPENDS"
        },
        {
          "note": "зависит от несвязанной переменной",
          "premise": "is_conjunction(v2, urn:stoic:test:not-a, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "DEPENDS"
        }
      ],
      "rule": "ThirdIndemonstrable"
    }
  ]
}

SourcesExcerpts: 7

section/80

The first kind of indemonstrable statement is that in which the whole argument is constructed of a hypothetical proposition and the clause with which the hypothetical proposition begins, while the final clause is the conclusion; as e.g. If the first, then the second; but the first is, therefore the second is. The second is that which employs a hypothetical proposition and the contradictory of the consequent, while the conclusion is the contradictory of the antecedent; e.g. If it is day, it is light; but it is night, therefore it is not day. Here the minor premiss is the contradictory of the consequent; the conclusion the contradictory of the antecedent. The third kind of indemonstrable employs a conjunction of negative propositions for major premiss and one of the conjoined propositions for minor premiss, concluding thence the contradictory of the remaining proposition; e.g. It is not the case that Plato is both dead and alive; but he is dead, therefore Plato is not alive.

Original data · JSON

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  "edition": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DIOGENES_HICKS_1925",
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    {
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  "package": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
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      "language": "en",
      "status": "official",
      "text": "The first kind of indemonstrable statement is that in which the whole argument is constructed of a hypothetical proposition and the clause with which the hypothetical proposition begins, while the final clause is the conclusion; as e.g. If the first, then the second; but the first is, therefore the second is. The second is that which employs a hypothetical proposition and the contradictory of the consequent, while the conclusion is the contradictory of the antecedent; e.g. If it is day, it is light; but it is night, therefore it is not day. Here the minor premiss is the contradictory of the consequent; the conclusion the contradictory of the antecedent. The third kind of indemonstrable employs a conjunction of negative propositions for major premiss and one of the conjoined propositions for minor premiss, concluding thence the contradictory of the remaining proposition; e.g. It is not the case that Plato is both dead and alive; but he is dead, therefore Plato is not alive."
    }
  ]
}

section/81

The fourth kind employs a disjunctive proposition and one of the two alternatives in the disjunction as premisses, and its conclusion is the contradictory of the other alternative; e.g. Either A or B; but A is, therefore B is not. The fifth kind is that in which the argument as a whole is constructed of a disjunctive proposition and the contradictory of one of the alternatives in the disjunction, its conclusion being the other alternative; e.g. Either it is day or it is night; but it is not night, therefore it is day. From a truth a truth follows, according to the Stoics, as e.g. It is light from It is day; and from a falsehood a falsehood, as It is dark from It is night, if this latter be untrue. Also a truth may follow from a falsehood; e.g. from The earth flies will follow The earth exists; whereas from a truth no falsehood will follow, for from the existence of the earth it does not follow that the earth flies aloft.

Original data · JSON

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  "edition": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DIOGENES_HICKS_1925",
  "fragmentKind": "section",
  "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DL_7_81",
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      "status": "official",
      "text": "Section 81"
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    {
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      "status": "translation",
      "text": "параграф 81"
    }
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  "package": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
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      "language": "en",
      "status": "official",
      "text": "The fourth kind employs a disjunctive proposition and one of the two alternatives in the disjunction as premisses, and its conclusion is the contradictory of the other alternative; e.g. Either A or B; but A is, therefore B is not. The fifth kind is that in which the argument as a whole is constructed of a disjunctive proposition and the contradictory of one of the alternatives in the disjunction, its conclusion being the other alternative; e.g. Either it is day or it is night; but it is not night, therefore it is day. From a truth a truth follows, according to the Stoics, as e.g. It is light from It is day; and from a falsehood a falsehood, as It is dark from It is night, if this latter be untrue. Also a truth may follow from a falsehood; e.g. from The earth flies will follow The earth exists; whereas from a truth no falsehood will follow, for from the existence of the earth it does not follow that the earth flies aloft."
    }
  ]
}

section/157

Now there are, in their imaginings, many non-demonstrable arguments, but the five which they chiefly propound, and to which all the rest can, it seems, be referred, are these. The first is that which deduces the consequent from the major premiss and the antecedent, as for example ‟If it is day, it is light; but in fact it is day; therefore it is light.” The second is that which deduces the opposite of the antecedent from the major premiss and the opposite of the consequent, as for example ‟If it is day, it is light; but it is not light; therefore it is not day.”

Original data · JSON

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      "text": "Now there are, in their imaginings, many non-demonstrable arguments, but the five which they chiefly propound, and to which all the rest can, it seems, be referred, are these. The first is that which deduces the consequent from the major premiss and the antecedent, as for example ‟If it is day, it is light; but in fact it is day; therefore it is light.” The second is that which deduces the opposite of the antecedent from the major premiss and the opposite of the consequent, as for example ‟If it is day, it is light; but it is not light; therefore it is not day.”"
    }
  ]
}

section/158

The third deduces from the negation of a coupled premiss and the affirmation of one of its clauses the opposite of the other clause, as for example ‟It is not both night and day; but it is day; therefore it is not night.” The fourth deduces from a disjunctive premiss and one of its alternative clauses the opposite of the other, as for example ‟Either it is day or it is night; but it is day; therefore it is not night.” The fifth deduces from a disjunctive premiss and the opposite of one of its clauses the other clause, as for example ‟Either it is day or it is night; but it is not night; therefore it is day.”

Original data · JSON

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      "text": "The third deduces from the negation of a coupled premiss and the affirmation of one of its clauses the opposite of the other clause, as for example ‟It is not both night and day; but it is day; therefore it is not night.” The fourth deduces from a disjunctive premiss and one of its alternative clauses the opposite of the other, as for example ‟Either it is day or it is night; but it is day; therefore it is not night.” The fifth deduces from a disjunctive premiss and the opposite of one of its clauses the other clause, as for example ‟Either it is day or it is night; but it is not night; therefore it is day.”"
    }
  ]
}

section/160

And in the case of the second non-demonstrable argument we make a similar objection. For it is either possible or impossible for the antecedent to be true when the consequent is not true. But if this is possible, the major premiss will not be valid; while if it is impossible, at the moment of positing ‟Not the consequent” we posit also ‟Not the antecedent,” and the major premiss is redundant once again, the argument propounded being ‟It is not light, therefore it is not day.”

Original data · JSON

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      "status": "official",
      "text": "And in the case of the second non-demonstrable argument we make a similar objection. For it is either possible or impossible for the antecedent to be true when the consequent is not true. But if this is possible, the major premiss will not be valid; while if it is impossible, at the moment of positing ‟Not the consequent” we posit also ‟Not the antecedent,” and the major premiss is redundant once again, the argument propounded being ‟It is not light, therefore it is not day.”"
    }
  ]
}

section/161

The same reasoning applies also to the third non-demonstrable argument. For either it is pre-evident that it is impossible for the clauses in the coupled premiss mutually to co-exist, or else it is non-evident. And if it is non-evident we shall not grant the negative of the coupled premiss; but if it is pre-evident, at the moment of positing the one clause the other is annulled, and the negative of the coupled premiss is redundant when we propound the argument in the form ‟It is day, therefore it is not night.”

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      "text": "The same reasoning applies also to the third non-demonstrable argument. For either it is pre-evident that it is impossible for the clauses in the coupled premiss mutually to co-exist, or else it is non-evident. And if it is non-evident we shall not grant the negative of the coupled premiss; but if it is pre-evident, at the moment of positing the one clause the other is annulled, and the negative of the coupled premiss is redundant when we propound the argument in the form ‟It is day, therefore it is not night.”"
    }
  ]
}

section/162

And we deal in like manner with the fourth non-demonstrable argument and the fifth. For either it is pre-evident or it is non-evident that in the disjunctive premiss one clause is true, the other false, in complete contradiction, as the disjunctive proclaims. And if this is non-evident, we shall not grant the disjunctive; but if it is pre-evident, if one of its clauses be affirmed it is apparent that the other is not true, and if one is negated it is pre-evident that the other is true, so that it is sufficient to frame the argument thus—‟It is day, therefore it is not night,” or ‟It is not day, therefore it is night;” and the disjunctive premiss is redundant.

Original data · JSON

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Packages in the snapshot

Пять стоических индемонстраблей по Диогену Лаэртскому и Сексту Эмпирику — вне юрисдикции государства — доктрина — EXECUTABLE 3 §33.1

Technical dataFull response, parameters and checksums

Calculation status: COMPUTED

Full engine response

licensed_conclusion: TRUE_ONLY — установлено Выведено правом: licensed_conclusion(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b) Применены правила: FifthIndemonstrableSextus Ответ поражаем правилом «fourth indemonstrable: either the first or the second; the first; therefore not the second» — оно отменило бы вывод, будь установлено: minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:a) Ответ поражаем правилом «second indemonstrable: if the first then the second; not the second; therefore not the first» — оно отменило бы вывод, будь установлено: is_conditional(urn:stoic:test:disjunction, urn:stoic:test:b, urn:stoic:test:a) Ответ поражаем правилом «third indemonstrable: not both; the first; therefore not the second» — оно отменило бы вывод, будь установлено: is_negation_of(urn:stoic:test:disjunction, v2); is_conjunction(v2, urn:stoic:test:not-a, urn:stoic:test:b) (поражающее правило не сработало из-за неустановленных фактов — подайте их в facts, если они есть в деле) Право (вне юрисдикции государства): Пять стоических индемонстраблей по Диогену Лаэртскому и Сексту Эмпирику — доктрина — EXECUTABLE 3 §33.1 (programHash sha256:e2f4a762812e…) proof-граф: 9 узлов — поле evaluation готово для law_explain

Complete machine result · JSON

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  "closedEditionRules": [],
  "derived": [
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  "derivedOmitted": 0,
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          {
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        ],
        "namespace": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
        "package": "grc.stoici.indemonstrabilia"
      }
    },
    "vocab": {}
  },
  "vulnerableTo": [
    {
      "anchors": [
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DL_7_81",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_158",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_162"
      ],
      "label": "fourth indemonstrable: either the first or the second; the first; therefore not the second",
      "missing": [
        "minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:a)"
      ],
      "premises": [
        {
          "premise": "is_exclusive_disjunction(urn:stoic:test:disjunction, urn:stoic:test:a, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:disjunction)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:a)",
          "status": "NEITHER"
        }
      ],
      "rule": "FourthIndemonstrable"
    },
    {
      "anchors": [
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DL_7_80",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_157",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_160"
      ],
      "label": "second indemonstrable: if the first then the second; not the second; therefore not the first",
      "missing": [
        "is_conditional(urn:stoic:test:disjunction, urn:stoic:test:b, urn:stoic:test:a)"
      ],
      "premises": [
        {
          "premise": "minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:not-a)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "is_negation_of(urn:stoic:test:not-a, urn:stoic:test:a)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:disjunction)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "is_conditional(urn:stoic:test:disjunction, urn:stoic:test:b, urn:stoic:test:a)",
          "status": "NEITHER"
        }
      ],
      "rule": "SecondIndemonstrable"
    },
    {
      "anchors": [
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DL_7_80",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_158",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_161"
      ],
      "label": "third indemonstrable: not both; the first; therefore not the second",
      "missing": [
        "is_negation_of(urn:stoic:test:disjunction, v2)",
        "is_conjunction(v2, urn:stoic:test:not-a, urn:stoic:test:b)"
      ],
      "premises": [
        {
          "premise": "minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:not-a)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:disjunction)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "note": "зависит от несвязанной переменной",
          "premise": "is_negation_of(urn:stoic:test:disjunction, v2)",
          "status": "DEPENDS"
        },
        {
          "note": "зависит от несвязанной переменной",
          "premise": "is_conjunction(v2, urn:stoic:test:not-a, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "DEPENDS"
        }
      ],
      "rule": "ThirdIndemonstrable"
    }
  ],
  "whyNot": []
}

Execution · JSON

{
  "evaluationBytes": 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xtus:4a3bdca9f50494d782037e21e5177c85fdfee329f446d2f7e82e5a3f4354edac\",\"urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3\"],\"sourceAnchors\":[],\"substitution\":{\"v0\":{\"id\":\"urn:stoic:test:inference\",\"kind\":\"entity_ref\"},\"v1\":{\"id\":\"urn:stoic:test:b\",\"kind\":\"entity_ref\"}}},{\"attributes\":{},\"conclusion\":{\"selected\":[\"urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SextusFifthReading\"]},\"evidence\":[],\"id\":\"urn:proof:interpretation-selection\",\"kind\":\"interpretation_selection\",\"premises\":[],\"sourceAnchors\":[]},{\"attributes\":{},\"conclusion\":{\"literal\":{\"args\":[{\"id\":\"urn:stoic:test:inference\",\"kind\":\"entity_ref\"},{\"id\":\"urn:stoic:test:b\",\"kind\":\"entity_ref\"}],\"kind\":\"literal\",\"polarity\":\"positive\",\"predicate\":\"urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#licensed_conclusion\"},\"truthStatus\":\"TRUE_ONLY\"},\"evidence\":[],\"id\":\"urn:proof:query:mcp\",\"kind\":\"query_evaluation\",\"premises\":[\"urn:proof:apply:FifthIndemonstrableSextus:4a3bdca9f50494d782037e21e5177c85fdfee329f446d2f7e82e5a3f4354edac\"],\"sourceAnchors\":[]}],\"proofHash\":\"sha256:0af362e0d1a0fbbe1cac31a332737b861d472bb5827c834bc2062697ec422552\",\"roots\":[\"urn:proof:constraint:FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive:c76b2df17ca7758f5ed5ae9568e7de011c2b114a9b7d63d323f2e9619025a984\",\"urn:proof:query:mcp\"]},\"resultHash\":\"sha256:d0163dc01cf0e8691b6318c63cea3caebc826cadf060f9099b3699a49a764719\",\"results\":[{\"conflicts\":[],\"evaluationStatus\":\"COMPUTED\",\"evidence\":[],\"id\":\"urn:result:mcp\",\"judgmentRequests\":[],\"manifest\":\"urn:manifest:oracle-1\",\"missingInputs\":[],\"normativeStatusSupports\":[],\"proof\":\"urn:proof:query:mcp\",\"query\":\"urn:query:mcp\",\"resultKind\":\"PROPOSITION\",\"sourceAnchors\":[],\"target\":\"urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#licensed_conclusion\",\"truthStatus\":\"TRUE_ONLY\"},{\"applicabilityStatus\":\"APPLICABLE\",\"conflicts\":[],\"evaluationStatus\":\"COMPUTED\",\"evidence\":[],\"id\":\"urn:result:constraint:FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive:a176cb478c12b970\",\"judgmentRequests\":[],\"manifest\":\"urn:manifest:oracle-1\",\"missingInputs\":[],\"normativeStatus\":\"SATISFIED\",\"normativeStatusSupports\":[],\"proof\":\"urn:proof:constraint:FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive:c76b2df17ca7758f5ed5ae9568e7de011c2b114a9b7d63d323f2e9619025a984\",\"query\":\"urn:query:mcp\",\"resultKind\":\"CONSTRAINT\",\"sourceAnchors\":[],\"target\":\"urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive\",\"triggerStatus\":\"SATISFIED\",\"truthStatus\":\"TRUE_ONLY\"}],\"schemaVersion\":\"law.core.evaluation/0.2\"}",
  "evaluationSha256": "sha256:5dbb8ab48a10dc34a67e971732e24083630d5002c15251543e329aab42bbf476",
  "request": {
    "case": {
      "assertions": [
        {
          "contentHash": "sha256:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:mcp:case#fact-1",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "literal": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:disjunction",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#major_premise"
          },
          "origin": "case_input",
          "package": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia"
        },
        {
          "contentHash": "sha256:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:mcp:case#fact-2",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "literal": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:not-a",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#minor_premise"
          },
          "origin": "case_input",
          "package": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia"
        },
        {
          "contentHash": "sha256:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:mcp:case#fact-3",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "literal": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:b",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#conclusion_requested"
          },
          "origin": "case_input",
          "package": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia"
        },
        {
          "contentHash": "sha256:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:mcp:case#fact-4",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "literal": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:disjunction",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:a",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:b",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#is_exclusive_disjunction"
          },
          "origin": "case_input",
          "package": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia"
        },
        {
          "contentHash": "sha256:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:mcp:case#fact-5",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "literal": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:not-a",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:a",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
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          },
          "origin": "case_input",
          "package": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia"
        }
      ],
      "context": {
        "decisionTime": "0001-01-01T12:00:00+05:00",
        "knowledgeTime": "0001-01-01T12:00:00+05:00",
        "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
        "timezone": "Asia/Qyzylorda"
      },
      "options": {
        "selectedInterpretations": [
          "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SextusFifthReading"
        ]
      }
    },
    "ir": {
      "irSha256": "sha256:fe74cc4cf1cf095d9cbe414d6980569afdb8644cd13f23c0b1cf46a32f6e4176",
      "kind": "world_ref",
      "nodeCount": 36,
      "packages": [
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          "semanticHash": "sha256:af1c08b281761cca9feb1539e6f9a3cd3e994853be9ee36a1909ab2350f8c7b2"
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      ],
      "programHash": "sha256:e2f4a762812ed3108f558e351eeaeff0a8aef1e08bb356e1e5c93d7c300833b4"
    },
    "query": {
      "kind": "truth",
      "literal": {
        "args": [
          {
            "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
            "kind": "entity_ref"
          },
          {
            "id": "urn:stoic:test:b",
            "kind": "entity_ref"
          }
        ],
        "kind": "literal",
        "polarity": "positive",
        "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#licensed_conclusion"
      },
      "queryId": "urn:query:mcp"
    },
    "schemaVersion": "law.core.evaluation-request/0.2",
    "semanticVersion": "0.2"
  },
  "requestCanonicalSha256": "sha256:cd57ff4c5215d923adb91f61c61ee98a3e2ea06c2f2481ef7c6e05fe6e6e8c14"
}

Display metadata

This block is too large for inline viewing. It is included in full in the document JSON, without truncation.

Download JSON ↓

JSON · calculations, sources and exact data

{
  "acts": [
    {
      "contributed": true,
      "fragmentCount": 10,
      "fragments": [
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_158",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_162"
      ],
      "jurisdiction": "none",
      "namespace": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
      "package": "grc-stoic-indemonstrables",
      "title": "Пять стоических индемонстраблей по Диогену Лаэртскому и Сексту Эмпирику — вне юрисдикции государства — доктрина — EXECUTABLE 3 §33.1"
    }
  ],
  "caseHash": "sha256:3303d3f3825db020e70fb07da9bb5bf542ba88c634d986153e1c292052d79b5e",
  "codeHash": "sha256:9bcca6a33805c1c364ca1bc8e9d39d6a9c51ba44203c0406bafbf397b96be699",
  "jurisdiction": "вне юрисдикции государства",
  "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
  "mode": "audit",
  "programHash": "sha256:e2f4a762812ed3108f558e351eeaeff0a8aef1e08bb356e1e5c93d7c300833b4",
  "resultHash": "sha256:d0163dc01cf0e8691b6318c63cea3caebc826cadf060f9099b3699a49a764719",
  "rustCodeHash": "sha256:d368cafc7162ed7a6563df5e5c943a57be26fa8aeb3179b530fe3bdd67fe9be4",
  "timezone": "Asia/Qyzylorda"
}

evaluation SHA-256: sha256:5dbb8ab48a10dc34a67e971732e24083630d5002c15251543e329aab42bbf476

Original data · JSON

{
  "args": [
    "urn:stoic:test:inference",
    "urn:stoic:test:b"
  ],
  "facts": [
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:inference",
        "urn:stoic:test:disjunction"
      ],
      "predicate": "major_premise"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:inference",
        "urn:stoic:test:not-a"
      ],
      "predicate": "minor_premise"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:inference",
        "urn:stoic:test:b"
      ],
      "predicate": "conclusion_requested"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:disjunction",
        "urn:stoic:test:a",
        "urn:stoic:test:b"
      ],
      "predicate": "is_exclusive_disjunction"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:not-a",
        "urn:stoic:test:a"
      ],
      "predicate": "is_negation_of"
    }
  ],
  "kind": "truth",
  "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
  "package": "grc-stoic-indemonstrables",
  "predicate": "licensed_conclusion",
  "proof": true,
  "selectedInterpretations": [
    "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SextusFifthReading"
  ]
}

Под прочтением Секста Эмпирика отрицание первого члена дозволяет второй.

Condition

Та же схема Секста под прочтением Диогена

Context date 0001-01-01

Calculation result

Not established

Rule premises

Rule: fifth indemonstrable in Diogenes' order: either first or second; not second; therefore first
- пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого выводаinference, not-aestablished
- для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключениеinference, bestablished
- пропозиция есть исключающая дизъюнкция first и seconddisjunction, b, afact neither supplied nor derived
- первая пропозиция есть противоречащее отрицание второйnot-a, aestablished
- пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого выводаinference, disjunctionestablished
Rule: fifth indemonstrable in Sextus' order: either first or second; not first; therefore second
- пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого выводаinference, not-aestablished
- пропозиция есть исключающая дизъюнкция first и seconddisjunction, a, bestablished
- для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключениеinference, bestablished
- пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого выводаinference, disjunctionestablished
- первая пропозиция есть противоречащее отрицание второйnot-a, aestablished
Rule: first indemonstrable: if the first then the second; the first; therefore the second
- для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключениеinference, bestablished
- пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого выводаinference, disjunctionestablished
- пропозиция имеет форму «если antecedent, то consequent»disjunction, not-a, bfact neither supplied nor derived
- пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого выводаinference, not-aestablished
Rule: fourth indemonstrable: either the first or the second; the first; therefore not the second
- пропозиция есть исключающая дизъюнкция first и seconddisjunction, a, bestablished
- для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключениеinference, bestablished
- пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого выводаinference, disjunctionestablished
- пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого выводаinference, afact neither supplied nor derived
Rule: second indemonstrable: if the first then the second; not the second; therefore not the first
- пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого выводаinference, not-aestablished
- для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключениеinference, bestablished
- первая пропозиция есть противоречащее отрицание второйnot-a, aestablished
- пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого выводаinference, disjunctionestablished
- пропозиция имеет форму «если antecedent, то consequent»disjunction, b, afact neither supplied nor derived

Input parameters

What we are finding

предъявленные посылки лицензируют пропозицию как заключение

inferenceb

Input facts

пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого вывода
i: inferencep: disjunction
пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого вывода
i: inferencep: not-a
для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключение
i: inferencep: b
пропозиция есть исключающая дизъюнкция first и second
p: disjunctionfirst: asecond: b
первая пропозиция есть противоречащее отрицание второй
negative: not-apositive: a

Additional details

Include proof: Yes
selectedInterpretations: DiogenesFifthReading

Original data · JSON

{
  "args": [
    "urn:stoic:test:inference",
    "urn:stoic:test:b"
  ],
  "facts": [
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:inference",
        "urn:stoic:test:disjunction"
      ],
      "predicate": "major_premise"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:inference",
        "urn:stoic:test:not-a"
      ],
      "predicate": "minor_premise"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:inference",
        "urn:stoic:test:b"
      ],
      "predicate": "conclusion_requested"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:disjunction",
        "urn:stoic:test:a",
        "urn:stoic:test:b"
      ],
      "predicate": "is_exclusive_disjunction"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:not-a",
        "urn:stoic:test:a"
      ],
      "predicate": "is_negation_of"
    }
  ],
  "kind": "truth",
  "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
  "package": "grc-stoic-indemonstrables",
  "predicate": "licensed_conclusion",
  "proof": true,
  "selectedInterpretations": [
    "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DiogenesFifthReading"
  ]
}

Why this resultApplied rules and conditions

Derivation path1 steps

1
Query evaluation
query

verified by the engine: 1 · case fact: 0 · Full graph: 4 nodes

Steps of the saved proof from the case facts to the answer. Formulas are shown as written in the norm with bound values substituted; the page recomputes nothing.

0 further derived facts are not shown: the engine keeps the ones relevant to the question in its compact answer. The full list is in the calculation JSON below.

Why the conclusion was not reached5 rules

1
пятая схема по порядку Диогена: либо первое, либо второе; не второе; значит первое
What is missing
- пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого выводаinference, not-aEstablished
- для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключениеinference, bEstablished
- пропозиция есть исключающая дизъюнкция first и seconddisjunction, b, aNot established
- первая пропозиция есть противоречащее отрицание второйnot-a, aEstablished
- пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого выводаinference, disjunctionEstablished
Source: sec. 81
Identifier
urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#FifthIndemonstrableDiogenes
rule
2
пятая схема по порядку Секста: либо первое, либо второе; не первое; значит второе
What is missing
- пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого выводаinference, not-aEstablished
- пропозиция есть исключающая дизъюнкция first и seconddisjunction, a, bEstablished
- для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключениеinference, bEstablished
- пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого выводаinference, disjunctionEstablished
- первая пропозиция есть противоречащее отрицание второйnot-a, aEstablished
Source: sec. 158, sec. 162
Identifier
urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#FifthIndemonstrableSextus
rule
3
первая схема: если первое, то второе; первое; значит второе
What is missing
- для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключениеinference, bEstablished
- пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого выводаinference, disjunctionEstablished
- пропозиция имеет форму «если antecedent, то consequent»disjunction, not-a, bNot established
- пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого выводаinference, not-aEstablished
Source: sec. 80, sec. 157, sec. 159
Identifier
urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#FirstIndemonstrable
rule
4
четвёртая схема: либо первое, либо второе; первое; значит не второе
What is missing
- пропозиция есть исключающая дизъюнкция first и seconddisjunction, a, bEstablished
- для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключениеinference, bEstablished
- пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого выводаinference, disjunctionEstablished
- пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого выводаinference, aNot established
Source: sec. 81, sec. 158, sec. 162
Identifier
urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#FourthIndemonstrable
rule
5
вторая схема: если первое, то второе; не второе; значит не первое
What is missing
- пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого выводаinference, not-aEstablished
- для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключениеinference, bEstablished
- первая пропозиция есть противоречащее отрицание второйnot-a, aEstablished
- пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого выводаinference, disjunctionEstablished
- пропозиция имеет форму «если antecedent, то consequent»disjunction, b, aNot established
Source: sec. 80, sec. 157, sec. 160
Identifier
urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SecondIndemonstrable
rule

These are the rules whose head answers the question, with their unmet premises. A missing fact is not a refuted one.

Proof graph

Proof graph · 1 layer

Proof nodes: 4 · assertion 1, constraint_check 1, interpretation_selection 1, query_evaluation 1

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3

attributes

assertion: fact-3

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
inference
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
b
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

conclusion_requested

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-3

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

constraint_check · urn:proof:constraint:FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive:fb99d619341931c30aefc09564172a20a1548bc47831bd86ddee874c5414f61d

attributes

—

conclusion

constraint: FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive
requirementStatus: Not established
Calculation status: Undetermined
triggerStatus: Satisfied

evidence

—

Identifier

fb99d619341931c30aefc09564172a20a1548bc47831bd86ddee874c5414f61d

Type

constraint_check

Premises

fact-3

sourceAnchors

—

substitution

Identifier: inference
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: b
Type: entity_ref

interpretation_selection · urn:proof:interpretation-selection

attributes

—

conclusion

selected: DiogenesFifthReading

evidence

—

Identifier

interpretation-selection

Type

interpretation_selection

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

query_evaluation · urn:proof:query:mcp

attributes

—

conclusion

literal

Arguments

Identifier
inference
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
b
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

licensed_conclusion

truthStatus

Not established

evidence

—

Identifier

mcp

Type

query_evaluation

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

Calendar and proof identifiers

Proof reference: mcp

Original reasoning · JSON

{
  "derivedOmitted": 0,
  "evaluation": {
    "proofGraph": {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-3"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:b",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#conclusion_requested"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {},
          "conclusion": {
            "constraint": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive",
            "requirementStatus": "NEITHER",
            "status": "UNDETERMINED",
            "triggerStatus": "SATISFIED"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:constraint:FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive:fb99d619341931c30aefc09564172a20a1548bc47831bd86ddee874c5414f61d",
          "kind": "constraint_check",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3"
          ],
          "sourceAnchors": [],
          "substitution": {
            "v0": {
              "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v1": {
              "id": "urn:stoic:test:b",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "attributes": {},
          "conclusion": {
            "selected": [
              "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DiogenesFifthReading"
            ]
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:interpretation-selection",
          "kind": "interpretation_selection",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {},
          "conclusion": {
            "literal": {
              "args": [
                {
                  "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
                  "kind": "entity_ref"
                },
                {
                  "id": "urn:stoic:test:b",
                  "kind": "entity_ref"
                }
              ],
              "kind": "literal",
              "polarity": "positive",
              "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#licensed_conclusion"
            },
            "truthStatus": "NEITHER"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:query:mcp",
          "kind": "query_evaluation",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        }
      ],
      "proofHash": "sha256:e3c30d32f9acbdc847d7af2e672f2248d51eaa9963bdf3b81f13772e589f3abc",
      "roots": [
        "urn:proof:constraint:FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive:fb99d619341931c30aefc09564172a20a1548bc47831bd86ddee874c5414f61d",
        "urn:proof:query:mcp"
      ]
    },
    "resultHash": "sha256:149c7557003b03f790dbd936a205d7c26af44568f82e045ec50fb943e3f98307",
    "schemaVersion": "law.core.evaluation/0.2"
  },
  "proofRef": "urn:proof:query:mcp",
  "whyNot": [
    {
      "anchors": [
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DL_7_81"
      ],
      "computedHead": false,
      "label": "fifth indemonstrable in Diogenes' order: either first or second; not second; therefore first",
      "premises": [
        {
          "premise": "minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:not-a)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "is_exclusive_disjunction(urn:stoic:test:disjunction, urn:stoic:test:b, urn:stoic:test:a)",
          "status": "NEITHER"
        },
        {
          "premise": "is_negation_of(urn:stoic:test:not-a, urn:stoic:test:a)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:disjunction)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        }
      ],
      "rule": "FifthIndemonstrableDiogenes"
    },
    {
      "anchors": [
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_158",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_162"
      ],
      "computedHead": false,
      "label": "fifth indemonstrable in Sextus' order: either first or second; not first; therefore second",
      "premises": [
        {
          "premise": "minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:not-a)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "is_exclusive_disjunction(urn:stoic:test:disjunction, urn:stoic:test:a, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:disjunction)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "is_negation_of(urn:stoic:test:not-a, urn:stoic:test:a)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        }
      ],
      "rule": "FifthIndemonstrableSextus"
    },
    {
      "anchors": [
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DL_7_80",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_157",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_159"
      ],
      "computedHead": false,
      "label": "first indemonstrable: if the first then the second; the first; therefore the second",
      "premises": [
        {
          "premise": "conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:disjunction)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "is_conditional(urn:stoic:test:disjunction, urn:stoic:test:not-a, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "NEITHER"
        },
        {
          "premise": "minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:not-a)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        }
      ],
      "rule": "FirstIndemonstrable"
    },
    {
      "anchors": [
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DL_7_81",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_158",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_162"
      ],
      "computedHead": false,
      "label": "fourth indemonstrable: either the first or the second; the first; therefore not the second",
      "premises": [
        {
          "premise": "is_exclusive_disjunction(urn:stoic:test:disjunction, urn:stoic:test:a, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:disjunction)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:a)",
          "status": "NEITHER"
        }
      ],
      "rule": "FourthIndemonstrable"
    },
    {
      "anchors": [
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DL_7_80",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_157",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_160"
      ],
      "computedHead": false,
      "label": "second indemonstrable: if the first then the second; not the second; therefore not the first",
      "premises": [
        {
          "premise": "minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:not-a)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "is_negation_of(urn:stoic:test:not-a, urn:stoic:test:a)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:disjunction)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "is_conditional(urn:stoic:test:disjunction, urn:stoic:test:b, urn:stoic:test:a)",
          "status": "NEITHER"
        }
      ],
      "rule": "SecondIndemonstrable"
    }
  ]
}

SourcesExcerpts: 7

section/80

The first kind of indemonstrable statement is that in which the whole argument is constructed of a hypothetical proposition and the clause with which the hypothetical proposition begins, while the final clause is the conclusion; as e.g. If the first, then the second; but the first is, therefore the second is. The second is that which employs a hypothetical proposition and the contradictory of the consequent, while the conclusion is the contradictory of the antecedent; e.g. If it is day, it is light; but it is night, therefore it is not day. Here the minor premiss is the contradictory of the consequent; the conclusion the contradictory of the antecedent. The third kind of indemonstrable employs a conjunction of negative propositions for major premiss and one of the conjoined propositions for minor premiss, concluding thence the contradictory of the remaining proposition; e.g. It is not the case that Plato is both dead and alive; but he is dead, therefore Plato is not alive.

Original data · JSON

{
  "contentHash": "sha256:9983edf22aaebb3cb637437eb139db44abd8ee8d39eff23b648c11ff1ae8517c",
  "edition": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DIOGENES_HICKS_1925",
  "fragmentKind": "section",
  "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DL_7_80",
  "kind": "fragment",
  "labels": [
    {
      "language": "en",
      "status": "official",
      "text": "Section 80"
    },
    {
      "language": "ru",
      "status": "translation",
      "text": "параграф 80"
    }
  ],
  "locator": "section/80",
  "package": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
  "texts": [
    {
      "contentHash": "sha256:50b37e93df0ac0157da42a9fabee6d3ac1847ce220f62fbe25ba439e3455391e",
      "language": "en",
      "status": "official",
      "text": "The first kind of indemonstrable statement is that in which the whole argument is constructed of a hypothetical proposition and the clause with which the hypothetical proposition begins, while the final clause is the conclusion; as e.g. If the first, then the second; but the first is, therefore the second is. The second is that which employs a hypothetical proposition and the contradictory of the consequent, while the conclusion is the contradictory of the antecedent; e.g. If it is day, it is light; but it is night, therefore it is not day. Here the minor premiss is the contradictory of the consequent; the conclusion the contradictory of the antecedent. The third kind of indemonstrable employs a conjunction of negative propositions for major premiss and one of the conjoined propositions for minor premiss, concluding thence the contradictory of the remaining proposition; e.g. It is not the case that Plato is both dead and alive; but he is dead, therefore Plato is not alive."
    }
  ]
}

section/81

The fourth kind employs a disjunctive proposition and one of the two alternatives in the disjunction as premisses, and its conclusion is the contradictory of the other alternative; e.g. Either A or B; but A is, therefore B is not. The fifth kind is that in which the argument as a whole is constructed of a disjunctive proposition and the contradictory of one of the alternatives in the disjunction, its conclusion being the other alternative; e.g. Either it is day or it is night; but it is not night, therefore it is day. From a truth a truth follows, according to the Stoics, as e.g. It is light from It is day; and from a falsehood a falsehood, as It is dark from It is night, if this latter be untrue. Also a truth may follow from a falsehood; e.g. from The earth flies will follow The earth exists; whereas from a truth no falsehood will follow, for from the existence of the earth it does not follow that the earth flies aloft.

Original data · JSON

{
  "contentHash": "sha256:3d16e36b0b5aa88f59df14fd26d52897ccd1ce4eb07a607ca1ebed3cc840d33f",
  "edition": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DIOGENES_HICKS_1925",
  "fragmentKind": "section",
  "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DL_7_81",
  "kind": "fragment",
  "labels": [
    {
      "language": "en",
      "status": "official",
      "text": "Section 81"
    },
    {
      "language": "ru",
      "status": "translation",
      "text": "параграф 81"
    }
  ],
  "locator": "section/81",
  "package": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
  "texts": [
    {
      "contentHash": "sha256:e948fdfd32767578ab45d5e52cca4fa599d23e0d6a94b284db26f6165f83def6",
      "language": "en",
      "status": "official",
      "text": "The fourth kind employs a disjunctive proposition and one of the two alternatives in the disjunction as premisses, and its conclusion is the contradictory of the other alternative; e.g. Either A or B; but A is, therefore B is not. The fifth kind is that in which the argument as a whole is constructed of a disjunctive proposition and the contradictory of one of the alternatives in the disjunction, its conclusion being the other alternative; e.g. Either it is day or it is night; but it is not night, therefore it is day. From a truth a truth follows, according to the Stoics, as e.g. It is light from It is day; and from a falsehood a falsehood, as It is dark from It is night, if this latter be untrue. Also a truth may follow from a falsehood; e.g. from The earth flies will follow The earth exists; whereas from a truth no falsehood will follow, for from the existence of the earth it does not follow that the earth flies aloft."
    }
  ]
}

section/157

Now there are, in their imaginings, many non-demonstrable arguments, but the five which they chiefly propound, and to which all the rest can, it seems, be referred, are these. The first is that which deduces the consequent from the major premiss and the antecedent, as for example ‟If it is day, it is light; but in fact it is day; therefore it is light.” The second is that which deduces the opposite of the antecedent from the major premiss and the opposite of the consequent, as for example ‟If it is day, it is light; but it is not light; therefore it is not day.”

Original data · JSON

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  "edition": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SEXTUS_BURY_1933",
  "fragmentKind": "section",
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      "status": "official",
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      "text": "параграф 157"
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      "status": "official",
      "text": "Now there are, in their imaginings, many non-demonstrable arguments, but the five which they chiefly propound, and to which all the rest can, it seems, be referred, are these. The first is that which deduces the consequent from the major premiss and the antecedent, as for example ‟If it is day, it is light; but in fact it is day; therefore it is light.” The second is that which deduces the opposite of the antecedent from the major premiss and the opposite of the consequent, as for example ‟If it is day, it is light; but it is not light; therefore it is not day.”"
    }
  ]
}

section/158

The third deduces from the negation of a coupled premiss and the affirmation of one of its clauses the opposite of the other clause, as for example ‟It is not both night and day; but it is day; therefore it is not night.” The fourth deduces from a disjunctive premiss and one of its alternative clauses the opposite of the other, as for example ‟Either it is day or it is night; but it is day; therefore it is not night.” The fifth deduces from a disjunctive premiss and the opposite of one of its clauses the other clause, as for example ‟Either it is day or it is night; but it is not night; therefore it is day.”

Original data · JSON

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      "text": "The third deduces from the negation of a coupled premiss and the affirmation of one of its clauses the opposite of the other clause, as for example ‟It is not both night and day; but it is day; therefore it is not night.” The fourth deduces from a disjunctive premiss and one of its alternative clauses the opposite of the other, as for example ‟Either it is day or it is night; but it is day; therefore it is not night.” The fifth deduces from a disjunctive premiss and the opposite of one of its clauses the other clause, as for example ‟Either it is day or it is night; but it is not night; therefore it is day.”"
    }
  ]
}

section/159

These, then, are the much talked of non-demonstrable arguments, but they all seem to me to be inconclusive through redundancy. Thus for instance, to begin with the first, either it is agreed, or else it is non-evident, that in the major premiss ‟If it is day, it is light,” the clause ‟it is light” follows from its antecedent ‟it is day.” But if this is non-evident, we shall not grant the major premiss as agreed; if, however, it is pre-evident that if the clause ‟it is day” be true, the clause ‟it is light” will necessarily be true also, then, once we have asserted that ‟it is day,” the statement ‟it is light” is also inferred, so that an argument in the form ‟It is day, therefore it is light” is sufficient, and the major premiss ‟If it is day, it is light” is redundant.

Original data · JSON

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      "language": "en",
      "status": "official",
      "text": "These, then, are the much talked of non-demonstrable arguments, but they all seem to me to be inconclusive through redundancy. Thus for instance, to begin with the first, either it is agreed, or else it is non-evident, that in the major premiss ‟If it is day, it is light,” the clause ‟it is light” follows from its antecedent ‟it is day.” But if this is non-evident, we shall not grant the major premiss as agreed; if, however, it is pre-evident that if the clause ‟it is day” be true, the clause ‟it is light” will necessarily be true also, then, once we have asserted that ‟it is day,” the statement ‟it is light” is also inferred, so that an argument in the form ‟It is day, therefore it is light” is sufficient, and the major premiss ‟If it is day, it is light” is redundant."
    }
  ]
}

section/160

And in the case of the second non-demonstrable argument we make a similar objection. For it is either possible or impossible for the antecedent to be true when the consequent is not true. But if this is possible, the major premiss will not be valid; while if it is impossible, at the moment of positing ‟Not the consequent” we posit also ‟Not the antecedent,” and the major premiss is redundant once again, the argument propounded being ‟It is not light, therefore it is not day.”

Original data · JSON

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      "language": "en",
      "status": "official",
      "text": "And in the case of the second non-demonstrable argument we make a similar objection. For it is either possible or impossible for the antecedent to be true when the consequent is not true. But if this is possible, the major premiss will not be valid; while if it is impossible, at the moment of positing ‟Not the consequent” we posit also ‟Not the antecedent,” and the major premiss is redundant once again, the argument propounded being ‟It is not light, therefore it is not day.”"
    }
  ]
}

section/162

And we deal in like manner with the fourth non-demonstrable argument and the fifth. For either it is pre-evident or it is non-evident that in the disjunctive premiss one clause is true, the other false, in complete contradiction, as the disjunctive proclaims. And if this is non-evident, we shall not grant the disjunctive; but if it is pre-evident, if one of its clauses be affirmed it is apparent that the other is not true, and if one is negated it is pre-evident that the other is true, so that it is sufficient to frame the argument thus—‟It is day, therefore it is not night,” or ‟It is not day, therefore it is night;” and the disjunctive premiss is redundant.

Original data · JSON

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      "text": "Section 162"
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      "text": "параграф 162"
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  "package": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
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    {
      "contentHash": "sha256:a319b5fc56ffb8add8f1fd6fcf14285668b267681184d82f042970af6e967f31",
      "language": "en",
      "status": "official",
      "text": "And we deal in like manner with the fourth non-demonstrable argument and the fifth. For either it is pre-evident or it is non-evident that in the disjunctive premiss one clause is true, the other false, in complete contradiction, as the disjunctive proclaims. And if this is non-evident, we shall not grant the disjunctive; but if it is pre-evident, if one of its clauses be affirmed it is apparent that the other is not true, and if one is negated it is pre-evident that the other is true, so that it is sufficient to frame the argument thus—‟It is day, therefore it is not night,” or ‟It is not day, therefore it is night;” and the disjunctive premiss is redundant."
    }
  ]
}

Packages in the snapshot

Пять стоических индемонстраблей по Диогену Лаэртскому и Сексту Эмпирику — вне юрисдикции государства — доктрина — EXECUTABLE 3 §33.1

Technical dataFull response, parameters and checksums

Calculation status: COMPUTED

Full engine response

licensed_conclusion: NEITHER — НЕ УСТАНОВЛЕНО: в формализованном праве нет ни подтверждения, ни опровержения (открытый мир §69) — это не «нет» Правило «fifth indemonstrable in Diogenes' order: either first or second; not second; therefore first» вывело бы это при посылках: ✓ minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:not-a) — TRUE_ONLY ✓ conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b) — TRUE_ONLY ? is_exclusive_disjunction(urn:stoic:test:disjunction, urn:stoic:test:b, urn:stoic:test:a) — NEITHER ✓ is_negation_of(urn:stoic:test:not-a, urn:stoic:test:a) — TRUE_ONLY ✓ major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:disjunction) — TRUE_ONLY Правило «fifth indemonstrable in Sextus' order: either first or second; not first; therefore second» вывело бы это при посылках: ✓ minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:not-a) — TRUE_ONLY ✓ is_exclusive_disjunction(urn:stoic:test:disjunction, urn:stoic:test:a, urn:stoic:test:b) — TRUE_ONLY ✓ conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b) — TRUE_ONLY ✓ major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:disjunction) — TRUE_ONLY ✓ is_negation_of(urn:stoic:test:not-a, urn:stoic:test:a) — TRUE_ONLY Правило «first indemonstrable: if the first then the second; the first; therefore the second» вывело бы это при посылках: ✓ conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b) — TRUE_ONLY ✓ major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:disjunction) — TRUE_ONLY ? is_conditional(urn:stoic:test:disjunction, urn:stoic:test:not-a, urn:stoic:test:b) — NEITHER ✓ minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:not-a) — TRUE_ONLY Правило «fourth indemonstrable: either the first or the second; the first; therefore not the second» вывело бы это при посылках: ✓ is_exclusive_disjunction(urn:stoic:test:disjunction, urn:stoic:test:a, urn:stoic:test:b) — TRUE_ONLY ✓ conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b) — TRUE_ONLY ✓ major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:disjunction) — TRUE_ONLY ? minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:a) — NEITHER Правило «second indemonstrable: if the first then the second; not the second; therefore not the first» вывело бы это при посылках: ✓ minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:not-a) — TRUE_ONLY ✓ conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b) — TRUE_ONLY ✓ is_negation_of(urn:stoic:test:not-a, urn:stoic:test:a) — TRUE_ONLY ✓ major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:disjunction) — TRUE_ONLY ? is_conditional(urn:stoic:test:disjunction, urn:stoic:test:b, urn:stoic:test:a) — NEITHER (? — факт не подан и не выведен; ✗ — установлено обратное) Полные правила с посылками: law_rules({"predicate": "licensed_conclusion"}) Право (вне юрисдикции государства): Пять стоических индемонстраблей по Диогену Лаэртскому и Сексту Эмпирику — доктрина — EXECUTABLE 3 §33.1 (programHash sha256:e2f4a762812e…) proof-граф: 4 узлов — поле evaluation готово для law_explain

Complete machine result · JSON

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    "kind": "TRUTH",
    "meaning": "НЕ УСТАНОВЛЕНО: в формализованном праве нет ни подтверждения, ни опровержения (открытый мир §69) — это не «нет»",
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          "evidence": [],
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        {
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            "requirementStatus": "NEITHER",
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            "triggerStatus": "SATISFIED"
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          "sourceAnchors": [],
          "substitution": {
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              "kind": "entity_ref"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "attributes": {},
          "conclusion": {
            "selected": [
              "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DiogenesFifthReading"
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          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:interpretation-selection",
          "kind": "interpretation_selection",
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        {
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          "conclusion": {
            "literal": {
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              "kind": "literal",
              "polarity": "positive",
              "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#licensed_conclusion"
            },
            "truthStatus": "NEITHER"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:query:mcp",
          "kind": "query_evaluation",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
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    "schemaVersion": "law.core.evaluation/0.2"
  },
  "evaluationStatus": "COMPUTED",
  "issues": [],
  "judgmentRequests": [],
  "proofRef": "urn:proof:query:mcp",
  "provenance": {
    "acts": [
      {
        "contributed": false,
        "fragmentCount": 10,
        "fragments": [],
        "jurisdiction": "none",
        "namespace": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
        "package": "grc-stoic-indemonstrables",
        "title": "Пять стоических индемонстраблей по Диогену Лаэртскому и Сексту Эмпирику — вне юрисдикции государства — доктрина — EXECUTABLE 3 §33.1"
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    "jurisdiction": "вне юрисдикции государства",
    "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
    "mode": "audit",
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    "rustCodeHash": "sha256:d368cafc7162ed7a6563df5e5c943a57be26fa8aeb3179b530fe3bdd67fe9be4",
    "timezone": "Asia/Qyzylorda"
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  "rulesApplied": [],
  "signature": {
    "constants": {},
    "parameters": [
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        "labels": [],
        "name": "i",
        "type": {
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        }
      },
      {
        "labels": [],
        "name": "p",
        "type": {
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      }
    ],
    "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#licensed_conclusion",
    "schemaVersion": "law.answers.signature/0.1",
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        "labels": [
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            "language": "en",
            "status": "translation",
            "text": "submitted inference: major premise, minor premise, and conclusion"
          },
          {
            "language": "ru",
            "status": "official",
            "text": "предъявленный вывод: большая посылка, малая посылка и заключение"
          }
        ],
        "namespace": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
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        "labels": [
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            "language": "en",
            "status": "translation",
            "text": "proposition: truth-apt content"
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          {
            "language": "grc",
            "status": "official",
            "text": "ἀξίωμα"
          },
          {
            "language": "ru",
            "status": "translation",
            "text": "пропозиция: содержание, способное быть истинным или ложным"
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        ],
        "namespace": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
        "package": "grc.stoici.indemonstrabilia"
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    },
    "vocab": {}
  },
  "vulnerableTo": [],
  "whyNot": [
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      ],
      "computedHead": false,
      "label": "fifth indemonstrable in Diogenes' order: either first or second; not second; therefore first",
      "premises": [
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        {
          "premise": "conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b)",
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        {
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      ],
      "rule": "FifthIndemonstrableDiogenes"
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    {
      "anchors": [
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      "computedHead": false,
      "label": "fifth indemonstrable in Sextus' order: either first or second; not first; therefore second",
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        {
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        },
        {
          "premise": "conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:disjunction)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "is_negation_of(urn:stoic:test:not-a, urn:stoic:test:a)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        }
      ],
      "rule": "FifthIndemonstrableSextus"
    },
    {
      "anchors": [
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DL_7_80",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_157",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_159"
      ],
      "computedHead": false,
      "label": "first indemonstrable: if the first then the second; the first; therefore the second",
      "premises": [
        {
          "premise": "conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:disjunction)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "is_conditional(urn:stoic:test:disjunction, urn:stoic:test:not-a, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "NEITHER"
        },
        {
          "premise": "minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:not-a)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        }
      ],
      "rule": "FirstIndemonstrable"
    },
    {
      "anchors": [
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DL_7_81",
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        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_162"
      ],
      "computedHead": false,
      "label": "fourth indemonstrable: either the first or the second; the first; therefore not the second",
      "premises": [
        {
          "premise": "is_exclusive_disjunction(urn:stoic:test:disjunction, urn:stoic:test:a, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:disjunction)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:a)",
          "status": "NEITHER"
        }
      ],
      "rule": "FourthIndemonstrable"
    },
    {
      "anchors": [
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        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_160"
      ],
      "computedHead": false,
      "label": "second indemonstrable: if the first then the second; not the second; therefore not the first",
      "premises": [
        {
          "premise": "minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:not-a)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b)",
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        },
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        },
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          "premise": "major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:disjunction)",
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        },
        {
          "premise": "is_conditional(urn:stoic:test:disjunction, urn:stoic:test:b, urn:stoic:test:a)",
          "status": "NEITHER"
        }
      ],
      "rule": "SecondIndemonstrable"
    }
  ]
}

Execution · JSON

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Display metadata

This block is too large for inline viewing. It is included in full in the document JSON, without truncation.

Download JSON ↓

JSON · calculations, sources and exact data

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      "contributed": false,
      "fragmentCount": 10,
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      "jurisdiction": "none",
      "namespace": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
      "package": "grc-stoic-indemonstrables",
      "title": "Пять стоических индемонстраблей по Диогену Лаэртскому и Сексту Эмпирику — вне юрисдикции государства — доктрина — EXECUTABLE 3 §33.1"
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evaluation SHA-256: sha256:b7fb78cfc880178a21e278c21ae7e70544160638d5a820f0119f5ff3537b13f2

Original data · JSON

{
  "args": [
    "urn:stoic:test:inference",
    "urn:stoic:test:b"
  ],
  "facts": [
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:inference",
        "urn:stoic:test:disjunction"
      ],
      "predicate": "major_premise"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:inference",
        "urn:stoic:test:not-a"
      ],
      "predicate": "minor_premise"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:inference",
        "urn:stoic:test:b"
      ],
      "predicate": "conclusion_requested"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:disjunction",
        "urn:stoic:test:a",
        "urn:stoic:test:b"
      ],
      "predicate": "is_exclusive_disjunction"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:not-a",
        "urn:stoic:test:a"
      ],
      "predicate": "is_negation_of"
    }
  ],
  "kind": "truth",
  "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
  "package": "grc-stoic-indemonstrables",
  "predicate": "licensed_conclusion",
  "proof": true,
  "selectedInterpretations": [
    "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DiogenesFifthReading"
  ]
}

Та же схема под прочтением Диогена не покрыта ни одним способом: свидетели расходятся, и машина не сглаживает расхождение.

Condition

Большая посылка не того вида: конъюнкция вместо условия

Context date 0001-01-01

Calculation result

Not established

Rule premises

Rule: fifth indemonstrable in Diogenes' order: either first or second; not second; therefore first
- пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого выводаinference, aestablished
- для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключениеinference, bestablished
- пропозиция есть исключающая дизъюнкция first и secondboth, b, v3DEPENDS
- первая пропозиция есть противоречащее отрицание второйa, v3DEPENDS
- пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого выводаinference, bothestablished
Rule: fifth indemonstrable in Sextus' order: either first or second; not first; therefore second
- пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого выводаinference, aestablished
- пропозиция есть исключающая дизъюнкция first и secondboth, v2, bDEPENDS
- для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключениеinference, bestablished
- пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого выводаinference, bothestablished
- первая пропозиция есть противоречащее отрицание второйa, v2DEPENDS
Rule: first indemonstrable: if the first then the second; the first; therefore the second
- для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключениеinference, bestablished
- пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого выводаinference, bothestablished
- пропозиция имеет форму «если antecedent, то consequent»both, a, bfact neither supplied nor derived
- пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого выводаinference, aestablished
Rule: fourth indemonstrable: either the first or the second; the first; therefore not the second
- пропозиция есть исключающая дизъюнкция first и secondboth, a, bfact neither supplied nor derived
- для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключениеinference, bestablished
- пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого выводаinference, bothestablished
- пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого выводаinference, aestablished
Rule: second indemonstrable: if the first then the second; not the second; therefore not the first
- пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого выводаinference, aestablished
- для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключениеinference, bestablished
- первая пропозиция есть противоречащее отрицание второйa, v3DEPENDS
- пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого выводаinference, bothestablished
- пропозиция имеет форму «если antecedent, то consequent»both, b, v3DEPENDS

Input parameters

What we are finding

предъявленные посылки лицензируют пропозицию как заключение

inferenceb

Input facts

пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого вывода
i: inferencep: both
пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого вывода
i: inferencep: a
для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключение
i: inferencep: b
пропозиция есть соединение first и second
p: bothfirst: asecond: b

Additional details

Include proof: Yes
selectedInterpretations: DiogenesFifthReading

Original data · JSON

{
  "args": [
    "urn:stoic:test:inference",
    "urn:stoic:test:b"
  ],
  "facts": [
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:inference",
        "urn:stoic:test:both"
      ],
      "predicate": "major_premise"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:inference",
        "urn:stoic:test:a"
      ],
      "predicate": "minor_premise"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:inference",
        "urn:stoic:test:b"
      ],
      "predicate": "conclusion_requested"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:both",
        "urn:stoic:test:a",
        "urn:stoic:test:b"
      ],
      "predicate": "is_conjunction"
    }
  ],
  "kind": "truth",
  "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
  "package": "grc-stoic-indemonstrables",
  "predicate": "licensed_conclusion",
  "proof": true,
  "selectedInterpretations": [
    "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DiogenesFifthReading"
  ]
}

Why this resultApplied rules and conditions

Derivation path1 steps

1
Query evaluation
query

verified by the engine: 1 · case fact: 0 · Full graph: 4 nodes

Steps of the saved proof from the case facts to the answer. Formulas are shown as written in the norm with bound values substituted; the page recomputes nothing.

0 further derived facts are not shown: the engine keeps the ones relevant to the question in its compact answer. The full list is in the calculation JSON below.

Why the conclusion was not reached5 rules

1
пятая схема по порядку Диогена: либо первое, либо второе; не второе; значит первое
What is missing
- пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого выводаinference, aEstablished
- для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключениеinference, bEstablished
- пропозиция есть исключающая дизъюнкция first и secondboth, b, v3DEPENDS
- первая пропозиция есть противоречащее отрицание второйa, v3DEPENDS
- пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого выводаinference, bothEstablished
Source: sec. 81
Identifier
urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#FifthIndemonstrableDiogenes
rule
2
пятая схема по порядку Секста: либо первое, либо второе; не первое; значит второе
What is missing
- пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого выводаinference, aEstablished
- пропозиция есть исключающая дизъюнкция first и secondboth, v2, bDEPENDS
- для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключениеinference, bEstablished
- пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого выводаinference, bothEstablished
- первая пропозиция есть противоречащее отрицание второйa, v2DEPENDS
Source: sec. 158, sec. 162
Identifier
urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#FifthIndemonstrableSextus
rule
3
первая схема: если первое, то второе; первое; значит второе
What is missing
- для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключениеinference, bEstablished
- пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого выводаinference, bothEstablished
- пропозиция имеет форму «если antecedent, то consequent»both, a, bNot established
- пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого выводаinference, aEstablished
Source: sec. 80, sec. 157, sec. 159
Identifier
urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#FirstIndemonstrable
rule
4
четвёртая схема: либо первое, либо второе; первое; значит не второе
What is missing
- пропозиция есть исключающая дизъюнкция first и secondboth, a, bNot established
- для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключениеinference, bEstablished
- пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого выводаinference, bothEstablished
- пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого выводаinference, aEstablished
Source: sec. 81, sec. 158, sec. 162
Identifier
urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#FourthIndemonstrable
rule
5
вторая схема: если первое, то второе; не второе; значит не первое
What is missing
- пропозиция предъявлена как малая посылка этого выводаinference, aEstablished
- для пропозиции проверяется, лицензирована ли она как заключениеinference, bEstablished
- первая пропозиция есть противоречащее отрицание второйa, v3DEPENDS
- пропозиция предъявлена как большая посылка этого выводаinference, bothEstablished
- пропозиция имеет форму «если antecedent, то consequent»both, b, v3DEPENDS
Source: sec. 80, sec. 157, sec. 160
Identifier
urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SecondIndemonstrable
rule

These are the rules whose head answers the question, with their unmet premises. A missing fact is not a refuted one.

Proof graph

Proof graph · 1 layer

Proof nodes: 4 · assertion 1, constraint_check 1, interpretation_selection 1, query_evaluation 1

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3

attributes

assertion: fact-3

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
inference
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
b
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

conclusion_requested

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-3

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

constraint_check · urn:proof:constraint:FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive:fb99d619341931c30aefc09564172a20a1548bc47831bd86ddee874c5414f61d

attributes

—

conclusion

constraint: FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive
requirementStatus: Not established
Calculation status: Undetermined
triggerStatus: Satisfied

evidence

—

Identifier

fb99d619341931c30aefc09564172a20a1548bc47831bd86ddee874c5414f61d

Type

constraint_check

Premises

fact-3

sourceAnchors

—

substitution

Identifier: inference
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: b
Type: entity_ref

interpretation_selection · urn:proof:interpretation-selection

attributes

—

conclusion

selected: DiogenesFifthReading

evidence

—

Identifier

interpretation-selection

Type

interpretation_selection

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

query_evaluation · urn:proof:query:mcp

attributes

—

conclusion

literal

Arguments

Identifier
inference
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
b
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

licensed_conclusion

truthStatus

Not established

evidence

—

Identifier

mcp

Type

query_evaluation

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

Calendar and proof identifiers

Proof reference: mcp

Original reasoning · JSON

{
  "derivedOmitted": 0,
  "evaluation": {
    "proofGraph": {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-3"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:b",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#conclusion_requested"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {},
          "conclusion": {
            "constraint": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive",
            "requirementStatus": "NEITHER",
            "status": "UNDETERMINED",
            "triggerStatus": "SATISFIED"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:constraint:FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive:fb99d619341931c30aefc09564172a20a1548bc47831bd86ddee874c5414f61d",
          "kind": "constraint_check",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3"
          ],
          "sourceAnchors": [],
          "substitution": {
            "v0": {
              "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v1": {
              "id": "urn:stoic:test:b",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "attributes": {},
          "conclusion": {
            "selected": [
              "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DiogenesFifthReading"
            ]
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:interpretation-selection",
          "kind": "interpretation_selection",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {},
          "conclusion": {
            "literal": {
              "args": [
                {
                  "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
                  "kind": "entity_ref"
                },
                {
                  "id": "urn:stoic:test:b",
                  "kind": "entity_ref"
                }
              ],
              "kind": "literal",
              "polarity": "positive",
              "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#licensed_conclusion"
            },
            "truthStatus": "NEITHER"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:query:mcp",
          "kind": "query_evaluation",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        }
      ],
      "proofHash": "sha256:e3c30d32f9acbdc847d7af2e672f2248d51eaa9963bdf3b81f13772e589f3abc",
      "roots": [
        "urn:proof:constraint:FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive:fb99d619341931c30aefc09564172a20a1548bc47831bd86ddee874c5414f61d",
        "urn:proof:query:mcp"
      ]
    },
    "resultHash": "sha256:d48f4d7862b0cba5f15aac9b51f167294382811ab5ee7de8391d3d7fdb3c6bb2",
    "schemaVersion": "law.core.evaluation/0.2"
  },
  "proofRef": "urn:proof:query:mcp",
  "whyNot": [
    {
      "anchors": [
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DL_7_81"
      ],
      "computedHead": false,
      "label": "fifth indemonstrable in Diogenes' order: either first or second; not second; therefore first",
      "premises": [
        {
          "premise": "minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:a)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "note": "зависит от несвязанной переменной",
          "premise": "is_exclusive_disjunction(urn:stoic:test:both, urn:stoic:test:b, v3)",
          "status": "DEPENDS"
        },
        {
          "note": "зависит от несвязанной переменной",
          "premise": "is_negation_of(urn:stoic:test:a, v3)",
          "status": "DEPENDS"
        },
        {
          "premise": "major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:both)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        }
      ],
      "rule": "FifthIndemonstrableDiogenes"
    },
    {
      "anchors": [
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_158",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_162"
      ],
      "computedHead": false,
      "label": "fifth indemonstrable in Sextus' order: either first or second; not first; therefore second",
      "premises": [
        {
          "premise": "minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:a)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "note": "зависит от несвязанной переменной",
          "premise": "is_exclusive_disjunction(urn:stoic:test:both, v2, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "DEPENDS"
        },
        {
          "premise": "conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:both)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "note": "зависит от несвязанной переменной",
          "premise": "is_negation_of(urn:stoic:test:a, v2)",
          "status": "DEPENDS"
        }
      ],
      "rule": "FifthIndemonstrableSextus"
    },
    {
      "anchors": [
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DL_7_80",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_157",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_159"
      ],
      "computedHead": false,
      "label": "first indemonstrable: if the first then the second; the first; therefore the second",
      "premises": [
        {
          "premise": "conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:both)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "is_conditional(urn:stoic:test:both, urn:stoic:test:a, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "NEITHER"
        },
        {
          "premise": "minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:a)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        }
      ],
      "rule": "FirstIndemonstrable"
    },
    {
      "anchors": [
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DL_7_81",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_158",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_162"
      ],
      "computedHead": false,
      "label": "fourth indemonstrable: either the first or the second; the first; therefore not the second",
      "premises": [
        {
          "premise": "is_exclusive_disjunction(urn:stoic:test:both, urn:stoic:test:a, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "NEITHER"
        },
        {
          "premise": "conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:both)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:a)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        }
      ],
      "rule": "FourthIndemonstrable"
    },
    {
      "anchors": [
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DL_7_80",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_157",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_160"
      ],
      "computedHead": false,
      "label": "second indemonstrable: if the first then the second; not the second; therefore not the first",
      "premises": [
        {
          "premise": "minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:a)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "note": "зависит от несвязанной переменной",
          "premise": "is_negation_of(urn:stoic:test:a, v3)",
          "status": "DEPENDS"
        },
        {
          "premise": "major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:both)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "note": "зависит от несвязанной переменной",
          "premise": "is_conditional(urn:stoic:test:both, urn:stoic:test:b, v3)",
          "status": "DEPENDS"
        }
      ],
      "rule": "SecondIndemonstrable"
    }
  ]
}

SourcesExcerpts: 7

section/80

The first kind of indemonstrable statement is that in which the whole argument is constructed of a hypothetical proposition and the clause with which the hypothetical proposition begins, while the final clause is the conclusion; as e.g. If the first, then the second; but the first is, therefore the second is. The second is that which employs a hypothetical proposition and the contradictory of the consequent, while the conclusion is the contradictory of the antecedent; e.g. If it is day, it is light; but it is night, therefore it is not day. Here the minor premiss is the contradictory of the consequent; the conclusion the contradictory of the antecedent. The third kind of indemonstrable employs a conjunction of negative propositions for major premiss and one of the conjoined propositions for minor premiss, concluding thence the contradictory of the remaining proposition; e.g. It is not the case that Plato is both dead and alive; but he is dead, therefore Plato is not alive.

Original data · JSON

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  "edition": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DIOGENES_HICKS_1925",
  "fragmentKind": "section",
  "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DL_7_80",
  "kind": "fragment",
  "labels": [
    {
      "language": "en",
      "status": "official",
      "text": "Section 80"
    },
    {
      "language": "ru",
      "status": "translation",
      "text": "параграф 80"
    }
  ],
  "locator": "section/80",
  "package": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
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    {
      "contentHash": "sha256:50b37e93df0ac0157da42a9fabee6d3ac1847ce220f62fbe25ba439e3455391e",
      "language": "en",
      "status": "official",
      "text": "The first kind of indemonstrable statement is that in which the whole argument is constructed of a hypothetical proposition and the clause with which the hypothetical proposition begins, while the final clause is the conclusion; as e.g. If the first, then the second; but the first is, therefore the second is. The second is that which employs a hypothetical proposition and the contradictory of the consequent, while the conclusion is the contradictory of the antecedent; e.g. If it is day, it is light; but it is night, therefore it is not day. Here the minor premiss is the contradictory of the consequent; the conclusion the contradictory of the antecedent. The third kind of indemonstrable employs a conjunction of negative propositions for major premiss and one of the conjoined propositions for minor premiss, concluding thence the contradictory of the remaining proposition; e.g. It is not the case that Plato is both dead and alive; but he is dead, therefore Plato is not alive."
    }
  ]
}

section/81

The fourth kind employs a disjunctive proposition and one of the two alternatives in the disjunction as premisses, and its conclusion is the contradictory of the other alternative; e.g. Either A or B; but A is, therefore B is not. The fifth kind is that in which the argument as a whole is constructed of a disjunctive proposition and the contradictory of one of the alternatives in the disjunction, its conclusion being the other alternative; e.g. Either it is day or it is night; but it is not night, therefore it is day. From a truth a truth follows, according to the Stoics, as e.g. It is light from It is day; and from a falsehood a falsehood, as It is dark from It is night, if this latter be untrue. Also a truth may follow from a falsehood; e.g. from The earth flies will follow The earth exists; whereas from a truth no falsehood will follow, for from the existence of the earth it does not follow that the earth flies aloft.

Original data · JSON

{
  "contentHash": "sha256:3d16e36b0b5aa88f59df14fd26d52897ccd1ce4eb07a607ca1ebed3cc840d33f",
  "edition": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DIOGENES_HICKS_1925",
  "fragmentKind": "section",
  "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DL_7_81",
  "kind": "fragment",
  "labels": [
    {
      "language": "en",
      "status": "official",
      "text": "Section 81"
    },
    {
      "language": "ru",
      "status": "translation",
      "text": "параграф 81"
    }
  ],
  "locator": "section/81",
  "package": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
  "texts": [
    {
      "contentHash": "sha256:e948fdfd32767578ab45d5e52cca4fa599d23e0d6a94b284db26f6165f83def6",
      "language": "en",
      "status": "official",
      "text": "The fourth kind employs a disjunctive proposition and one of the two alternatives in the disjunction as premisses, and its conclusion is the contradictory of the other alternative; e.g. Either A or B; but A is, therefore B is not. The fifth kind is that in which the argument as a whole is constructed of a disjunctive proposition and the contradictory of one of the alternatives in the disjunction, its conclusion being the other alternative; e.g. Either it is day or it is night; but it is not night, therefore it is day. From a truth a truth follows, according to the Stoics, as e.g. It is light from It is day; and from a falsehood a falsehood, as It is dark from It is night, if this latter be untrue. Also a truth may follow from a falsehood; e.g. from The earth flies will follow The earth exists; whereas from a truth no falsehood will follow, for from the existence of the earth it does not follow that the earth flies aloft."
    }
  ]
}

section/157

Now there are, in their imaginings, many non-demonstrable arguments, but the five which they chiefly propound, and to which all the rest can, it seems, be referred, are these. The first is that which deduces the consequent from the major premiss and the antecedent, as for example ‟If it is day, it is light; but in fact it is day; therefore it is light.” The second is that which deduces the opposite of the antecedent from the major premiss and the opposite of the consequent, as for example ‟If it is day, it is light; but it is not light; therefore it is not day.”

Original data · JSON

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  "edition": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SEXTUS_BURY_1933",
  "fragmentKind": "section",
  "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_157",
  "kind": "fragment",
  "labels": [
    {
      "language": "en",
      "status": "official",
      "text": "Section 157"
    },
    {
      "language": "ru",
      "status": "translation",
      "text": "параграф 157"
    }
  ],
  "locator": "section/157",
  "package": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
  "texts": [
    {
      "contentHash": "sha256:67d1f6c31637cf2aef4cd557f4fd92823d8c80df41ad46afd9586c7ddf1330ca",
      "language": "en",
      "status": "official",
      "text": "Now there are, in their imaginings, many non-demonstrable arguments, but the five which they chiefly propound, and to which all the rest can, it seems, be referred, are these. The first is that which deduces the consequent from the major premiss and the antecedent, as for example ‟If it is day, it is light; but in fact it is day; therefore it is light.” The second is that which deduces the opposite of the antecedent from the major premiss and the opposite of the consequent, as for example ‟If it is day, it is light; but it is not light; therefore it is not day.”"
    }
  ]
}

section/158

The third deduces from the negation of a coupled premiss and the affirmation of one of its clauses the opposite of the other clause, as for example ‟It is not both night and day; but it is day; therefore it is not night.” The fourth deduces from a disjunctive premiss and one of its alternative clauses the opposite of the other, as for example ‟Either it is day or it is night; but it is day; therefore it is not night.” The fifth deduces from a disjunctive premiss and the opposite of one of its clauses the other clause, as for example ‟Either it is day or it is night; but it is not night; therefore it is day.”

Original data · JSON

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  "edition": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SEXTUS_BURY_1933",
  "fragmentKind": "section",
  "id": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_158",
  "kind": "fragment",
  "labels": [
    {
      "language": "en",
      "status": "official",
      "text": "Section 158"
    },
    {
      "language": "ru",
      "status": "translation",
      "text": "параграф 158"
    }
  ],
  "locator": "section/158",
  "package": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
  "texts": [
    {
      "contentHash": "sha256:a113b8f43db27914202dd7a426d88897b22bec6aeadd78f5fe13e9fb356262fe",
      "language": "en",
      "status": "official",
      "text": "The third deduces from the negation of a coupled premiss and the affirmation of one of its clauses the opposite of the other clause, as for example ‟It is not both night and day; but it is day; therefore it is not night.” The fourth deduces from a disjunctive premiss and one of its alternative clauses the opposite of the other, as for example ‟Either it is day or it is night; but it is day; therefore it is not night.” The fifth deduces from a disjunctive premiss and the opposite of one of its clauses the other clause, as for example ‟Either it is day or it is night; but it is not night; therefore it is day.”"
    }
  ]
}

section/159

These, then, are the much talked of non-demonstrable arguments, but they all seem to me to be inconclusive through redundancy. Thus for instance, to begin with the first, either it is agreed, or else it is non-evident, that in the major premiss ‟If it is day, it is light,” the clause ‟it is light” follows from its antecedent ‟it is day.” But if this is non-evident, we shall not grant the major premiss as agreed; if, however, it is pre-evident that if the clause ‟it is day” be true, the clause ‟it is light” will necessarily be true also, then, once we have asserted that ‟it is day,” the statement ‟it is light” is also inferred, so that an argument in the form ‟It is day, therefore it is light” is sufficient, and the major premiss ‟If it is day, it is light” is redundant.

Original data · JSON

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    }
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      "language": "en",
      "status": "official",
      "text": "These, then, are the much talked of non-demonstrable arguments, but they all seem to me to be inconclusive through redundancy. Thus for instance, to begin with the first, either it is agreed, or else it is non-evident, that in the major premiss ‟If it is day, it is light,” the clause ‟it is light” follows from its antecedent ‟it is day.” But if this is non-evident, we shall not grant the major premiss as agreed; if, however, it is pre-evident that if the clause ‟it is day” be true, the clause ‟it is light” will necessarily be true also, then, once we have asserted that ‟it is day,” the statement ‟it is light” is also inferred, so that an argument in the form ‟It is day, therefore it is light” is sufficient, and the major premiss ‟If it is day, it is light” is redundant."
    }
  ]
}

section/160

And in the case of the second non-demonstrable argument we make a similar objection. For it is either possible or impossible for the antecedent to be true when the consequent is not true. But if this is possible, the major premiss will not be valid; while if it is impossible, at the moment of positing ‟Not the consequent” we posit also ‟Not the antecedent,” and the major premiss is redundant once again, the argument propounded being ‟It is not light, therefore it is not day.”

Original data · JSON

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      "text": "Section 160"
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      "language": "ru",
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      "text": "параграф 160"
    }
  ],
  "locator": "section/160",
  "package": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
  "texts": [
    {
      "contentHash": "sha256:ddfb72643bc05139ee489b6d40d2a6d36ca8b0fa46f3e0c71bc1ddebf64f0004",
      "language": "en",
      "status": "official",
      "text": "And in the case of the second non-demonstrable argument we make a similar objection. For it is either possible or impossible for the antecedent to be true when the consequent is not true. But if this is possible, the major premiss will not be valid; while if it is impossible, at the moment of positing ‟Not the consequent” we posit also ‟Not the antecedent,” and the major premiss is redundant once again, the argument propounded being ‟It is not light, therefore it is not day.”"
    }
  ]
}

section/162

And we deal in like manner with the fourth non-demonstrable argument and the fifth. For either it is pre-evident or it is non-evident that in the disjunctive premiss one clause is true, the other false, in complete contradiction, as the disjunctive proclaims. And if this is non-evident, we shall not grant the disjunctive; but if it is pre-evident, if one of its clauses be affirmed it is apparent that the other is not true, and if one is negated it is pre-evident that the other is true, so that it is sufficient to frame the argument thus—‟It is day, therefore it is not night,” or ‟It is not day, therefore it is night;” and the disjunctive premiss is redundant.

Original data · JSON

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      "status": "official",
      "text": "Section 162"
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      "text": "параграф 162"
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  "package": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
  "texts": [
    {
      "contentHash": "sha256:a319b5fc56ffb8add8f1fd6fcf14285668b267681184d82f042970af6e967f31",
      "language": "en",
      "status": "official",
      "text": "And we deal in like manner with the fourth non-demonstrable argument and the fifth. For either it is pre-evident or it is non-evident that in the disjunctive premiss one clause is true, the other false, in complete contradiction, as the disjunctive proclaims. And if this is non-evident, we shall not grant the disjunctive; but if it is pre-evident, if one of its clauses be affirmed it is apparent that the other is not true, and if one is negated it is pre-evident that the other is true, so that it is sufficient to frame the argument thus—‟It is day, therefore it is not night,” or ‟It is not day, therefore it is night;” and the disjunctive premiss is redundant."
    }
  ]
}

Packages in the snapshot

Пять стоических индемонстраблей по Диогену Лаэртскому и Сексту Эмпирику — вне юрисдикции государства — доктрина — EXECUTABLE 3 §33.1

Technical dataFull response, parameters and checksums

Calculation status: COMPUTED

Full engine response

licensed_conclusion: NEITHER — НЕ УСТАНОВЛЕНО: в формализованном праве нет ни подтверждения, ни опровержения (открытый мир §69) — это не «нет» Правило «fifth indemonstrable in Diogenes' order: either first or second; not second; therefore first» вывело бы это при посылках: ✓ minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:a) — TRUE_ONLY ✓ conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b) — TRUE_ONLY · is_exclusive_disjunction(urn:stoic:test:both, urn:stoic:test:b, v3) — DEPENDS · is_negation_of(urn:stoic:test:a, v3) — DEPENDS ✓ major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:both) — TRUE_ONLY Правило «fifth indemonstrable in Sextus' order: either first or second; not first; therefore second» вывело бы это при посылках: ✓ minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:a) — TRUE_ONLY · is_exclusive_disjunction(urn:stoic:test:both, v2, urn:stoic:test:b) — DEPENDS ✓ conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b) — TRUE_ONLY ✓ major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:both) — TRUE_ONLY · is_negation_of(urn:stoic:test:a, v2) — DEPENDS Правило «first indemonstrable: if the first then the second; the first; therefore the second» вывело бы это при посылках: ✓ conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b) — TRUE_ONLY ✓ major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:both) — TRUE_ONLY ? is_conditional(urn:stoic:test:both, urn:stoic:test:a, urn:stoic:test:b) — NEITHER ✓ minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:a) — TRUE_ONLY Правило «fourth indemonstrable: either the first or the second; the first; therefore not the second» вывело бы это при посылках: ? is_exclusive_disjunction(urn:stoic:test:both, urn:stoic:test:a, urn:stoic:test:b) — NEITHER ✓ conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b) — TRUE_ONLY ✓ major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:both) — TRUE_ONLY ✓ minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:a) — TRUE_ONLY Правило «second indemonstrable: if the first then the second; not the second; therefore not the first» вывело бы это при посылках: ✓ minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:a) — TRUE_ONLY ✓ conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b) — TRUE_ONLY · is_negation_of(urn:stoic:test:a, v3) — DEPENDS ✓ major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:both) — TRUE_ONLY · is_conditional(urn:stoic:test:both, urn:stoic:test:b, v3) — DEPENDS (? — факт не подан и не выведен; ✗ — установлено обратное) Полные правила с посылками: law_rules({"predicate": "licensed_conclusion"}) Право (вне юрисдикции государства): Пять стоических индемонстраблей по Диогену Лаэртскому и Сексту Эмпирику — доктрина — EXECUTABLE 3 §33.1 (programHash sha256:e2f4a762812e…) proof-граф: 4 узлов — поле evaluation готово для law_explain

Complete machine result · JSON

{
  "answer": {
    "evaluationStatus": "COMPUTED",
    "kind": "TRUTH",
    "meaning": "НЕ УСТАНОВЛЕНО: в формализованном праве нет ни подтверждения, ни опровержения (открытый мир §69) — это не «нет»",
    "missingInputs": [],
    "truthStatus": "NEITHER"
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  "closedEditionRules": [],
  "derived": [],
  "derivedOmitted": 0,
  "evaluation": {
    "proofGraph": {
      "nodes": [
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          },
          "conclusion": {
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                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
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                "id": "urn:stoic:test:b",
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            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#conclusion_requested"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {},
          "conclusion": {
            "constraint": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive",
            "requirementStatus": "NEITHER",
            "status": "UNDETERMINED",
            "triggerStatus": "SATISFIED"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:constraint:FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive:fb99d619341931c30aefc09564172a20a1548bc47831bd86ddee874c5414f61d",
          "kind": "constraint_check",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3"
          ],
          "sourceAnchors": [],
          "substitution": {
            "v0": {
              "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v1": {
              "id": "urn:stoic:test:b",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "attributes": {},
          "conclusion": {
            "selected": [
              "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DiogenesFifthReading"
            ]
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:interpretation-selection",
          "kind": "interpretation_selection",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {},
          "conclusion": {
            "literal": {
              "args": [
                {
                  "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
                  "kind": "entity_ref"
                },
                {
                  "id": "urn:stoic:test:b",
                  "kind": "entity_ref"
                }
              ],
              "kind": "literal",
              "polarity": "positive",
              "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#licensed_conclusion"
            },
            "truthStatus": "NEITHER"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:query:mcp",
          "kind": "query_evaluation",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        }
      ],
      "proofHash": "sha256:e3c30d32f9acbdc847d7af2e672f2248d51eaa9963bdf3b81f13772e589f3abc",
      "roots": [
        "urn:proof:constraint:FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive:fb99d619341931c30aefc09564172a20a1548bc47831bd86ddee874c5414f61d",
        "urn:proof:query:mcp"
      ]
    },
    "resultHash": "sha256:d48f4d7862b0cba5f15aac9b51f167294382811ab5ee7de8391d3d7fdb3c6bb2",
    "schemaVersion": "law.core.evaluation/0.2"
  },
  "evaluationStatus": "COMPUTED",
  "issues": [],
  "judgmentRequests": [],
  "proofRef": "urn:proof:query:mcp",
  "provenance": {
    "acts": [
      {
        "contributed": false,
        "fragmentCount": 10,
        "fragments": [],
        "jurisdiction": "none",
        "namespace": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
        "package": "grc-stoic-indemonstrables",
        "title": "Пять стоических индемонстраблей по Диогену Лаэртскому и Сексту Эмпирику — вне юрисдикции государства — доктрина — EXECUTABLE 3 §33.1"
      }
    ],
    "caseHash": "sha256:c81c773838f88649f889a6b9640f595c9a93e84e4c19cb775f1d8edf8696fb65",
    "codeHash": "sha256:9bcca6a33805c1c364ca1bc8e9d39d6a9c51ba44203c0406bafbf397b96be699",
    "jurisdiction": "вне юрисдикции государства",
    "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
    "mode": "audit",
    "programHash": "sha256:e2f4a762812ed3108f558e351eeaeff0a8aef1e08bb356e1e5c93d7c300833b4",
    "resultHash": "sha256:d48f4d7862b0cba5f15aac9b51f167294382811ab5ee7de8391d3d7fdb3c6bb2",
    "rustCodeHash": "sha256:d368cafc7162ed7a6563df5e5c943a57be26fa8aeb3179b530fe3bdd67fe9be4",
    "timezone": "Asia/Qyzylorda"
  },
  "rulesApplied": [],
  "signature": {
    "constants": {},
    "parameters": [
      {
        "labels": [],
        "name": "i",
        "type": {
          "name": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#Inference"
        }
      },
      {
        "labels": [],
        "name": "p",
        "type": {
          "name": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#Proposition"
        }
      }
    ],
    "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#licensed_conclusion",
    "schemaVersion": "law.answers.signature/0.1",
    "types": {
      "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#Inference": {
        "kind": "entity",
        "labels": [
          {
            "language": "en",
            "status": "translation",
            "text": "submitted inference: major premise, minor premise, and conclusion"
          },
          {
            "language": "ru",
            "status": "official",
            "text": "предъявленный вывод: большая посылка, малая посылка и заключение"
          }
        ],
        "namespace": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
        "package": "grc.stoici.indemonstrabilia"
      },
      "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#Proposition": {
        "kind": "entity",
        "labels": [
          {
            "language": "en",
            "status": "translation",
            "text": "proposition: truth-apt content"
          },
          {
            "language": "grc",
            "status": "official",
            "text": "ἀξίωμα"
          },
          {
            "language": "ru",
            "status": "translation",
            "text": "пропозиция: содержание, способное быть истинным или ложным"
          }
        ],
        "namespace": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
        "package": "grc.stoici.indemonstrabilia"
      }
    },
    "vocab": {}
  },
  "vulnerableTo": [],
  "whyNot": [
    {
      "anchors": [
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DL_7_81"
      ],
      "computedHead": false,
      "label": "fifth indemonstrable in Diogenes' order: either first or second; not second; therefore first",
      "premises": [
        {
          "premise": "minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:a)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "note": "зависит от несвязанной переменной",
          "premise": "is_exclusive_disjunction(urn:stoic:test:both, urn:stoic:test:b, v3)",
          "status": "DEPENDS"
        },
        {
          "note": "зависит от несвязанной переменной",
          "premise": "is_negation_of(urn:stoic:test:a, v3)",
          "status": "DEPENDS"
        },
        {
          "premise": "major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:both)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        }
      ],
      "rule": "FifthIndemonstrableDiogenes"
    },
    {
      "anchors": [
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_158",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_162"
      ],
      "computedHead": false,
      "label": "fifth indemonstrable in Sextus' order: either first or second; not first; therefore second",
      "premises": [
        {
          "premise": "minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:a)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "note": "зависит от несвязанной переменной",
          "premise": "is_exclusive_disjunction(urn:stoic:test:both, v2, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "DEPENDS"
        },
        {
          "premise": "conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:both)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "note": "зависит от несвязанной переменной",
          "premise": "is_negation_of(urn:stoic:test:a, v2)",
          "status": "DEPENDS"
        }
      ],
      "rule": "FifthIndemonstrableSextus"
    },
    {
      "anchors": [
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DL_7_80",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_157",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_159"
      ],
      "computedHead": false,
      "label": "first indemonstrable: if the first then the second; the first; therefore the second",
      "premises": [
        {
          "premise": "conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:both)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "is_conditional(urn:stoic:test:both, urn:stoic:test:a, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "NEITHER"
        },
        {
          "premise": "minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:a)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        }
      ],
      "rule": "FirstIndemonstrable"
    },
    {
      "anchors": [
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DL_7_81",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_158",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_162"
      ],
      "computedHead": false,
      "label": "fourth indemonstrable: either the first or the second; the first; therefore not the second",
      "premises": [
        {
          "premise": "is_exclusive_disjunction(urn:stoic:test:both, urn:stoic:test:a, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "NEITHER"
        },
        {
          "premise": "conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:both)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:a)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        }
      ],
      "rule": "FourthIndemonstrable"
    },
    {
      "anchors": [
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DL_7_80",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_157",
        "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#SE_PH_2_160"
      ],
      "computedHead": false,
      "label": "second indemonstrable: if the first then the second; not the second; therefore not the first",
      "premises": [
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          "premise": "minor_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:a)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "conclusion_requested(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:b)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "note": "зависит от несвязанной переменной",
          "premise": "is_negation_of(urn:stoic:test:a, v3)",
          "status": "DEPENDS"
        },
        {
          "premise": "major_premise(urn:stoic:test:inference, urn:stoic:test:both)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "note": "зависит от несвязанной переменной",
          "premise": "is_conditional(urn:stoic:test:both, urn:stoic:test:b, v3)",
          "status": "DEPENDS"
        }
      ],
      "rule": "SecondIndemonstrable"
    }
  ]
}

Execution · JSON

{
  "evaluationBytes": "{\"conflicts\":[],\"issues\":[],\"manifest\":{\"artifactHash\":\"sha256:b418b3116ecb48441412cb51484854ec4e1694f79e57b5479592cb1ab6a60e74\",\"calendarSnapshot\":\"\",\"caseHash\":\"sha256:c81c773838f88649f889a6b9640f595c9a93e84e4c19cb775f1d8edf8696fb65\",\"decisionTime\":\"0001-01-01T12:00:00+05:00\",\"evidenceSnapshotHash\":\"sha256:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000\",\"externalSnapshots\":{},\"id\":\"urn:manifest:oracle-1\",\"interpretations\":[\"urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DiogenesFifthReading\"],\"knowledgeTime\":\"0001-01-01T12:00:00+05:00\",\"legalTime\":\"0001-01-01\",\"lockfileHash\":\"sha256:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000\",\"mode\":\"audit\",\"policies\":{},\"programHash\":\"sha256:e2f4a762812ed3108f558e351eeaeff0a8aef1e08bb356e1e5c93d7c300833b4\",\"resolvedEditions\":{},\"semanticHash\":\"sha256:631091188dcab576211c998fb846ce0c8a71289185cf05a942d1eb9f54f26fa9\",\"semantics\":\"law.core/0.2\",\"theoryHash\":\"sha256:e2f4a762812ed3108f558e351eeaeff0a8aef1e08bb356e1e5c93d7c300833b4\",\"timezone\":\"Asia/Qyzylorda\"},\"positions\":[],\"proofGraph\":{\"nodes\":[{\"attributes\":{\"assertion\":\"urn:mcp:case#fact-3\"},\"conclusion\":{\"args\":[{\"id\":\"urn:stoic:test:inference\",\"kind\":\"entity_ref\"},{\"id\":\"urn:stoic:test:b\",\"kind\":\"entity_ref\"}],\"kind\":\"literal\",\"polarity\":\"positive\",\"predicate\":\"urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#conclusion_requested\"},\"evidence\":[],\"id\":\"urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3\",\"kind\":\"assertion\",\"premises\":[],\"sourceAnchors\":[]},{\"attributes\":{},\"conclusion\":{\"constraint\":\"urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive\",\"requirementStatus\":\"NEITHER\",\"status\":\"UNDETERMINED\",\"triggerStatus\":\"SATISFIED\"},\"evidence\":[],\"id\":\"urn:proof:constraint:FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive:fb99d619341931c30aefc09564172a20a1548bc47831bd86ddee874c5414f61d\",\"kind\":\"constraint_check\",\"premises\":[\"urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3\"],\"sourceAnchors\":[],\"substitution\":{\"v0\":{\"id\":\"urn:stoic:test:inference\",\"kind\":\"entity_ref\"},\"v1\":{\"id\":\"urn:stoic:test:b\",\"kind\":\"entity_ref\"}}},{\"attributes\":{},\"conclusion\":{\"selected\":[\"urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DiogenesFifthReading\"]},\"evidence\":[],\"id\":\"urn:proof:interpretation-selection\",\"kind\":\"interpretation_selection\",\"premises\":[],\"sourceAnchors\":[]},{\"attributes\":{},\"conclusion\":{\"literal\":{\"args\":[{\"id\":\"urn:stoic:test:inference\",\"kind\":\"entity_ref\"},{\"id\":\"urn:stoic:test:b\",\"kind\":\"entity_ref\"}],\"kind\":\"literal\",\"polarity\":\"positive\",\"predicate\":\"urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#licensed_conclusion\"},\"truthStatus\":\"NEITHER\"},\"evidence\":[],\"id\":\"urn:proof:query:mcp\",\"kind\":\"query_evaluation\",\"premises\":[],\"sourceAnchors\":[]}],\"proofHash\":\"sha256:e3c30d32f9acbdc847d7af2e672f2248d51eaa9963bdf3b81f13772e589f3abc\",\"roots\":[\"urn:proof:constraint:FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive:fb99d619341931c30aefc09564172a20a1548bc47831bd86ddee874c5414f61d\",\"urn:proof:query:mcp\"]},\"resultHash\":\"sha256:d48f4d7862b0cba5f15aac9b51f167294382811ab5ee7de8391d3d7fdb3c6bb2\",\"results\":[{\"conflicts\":[],\"evaluationStatus\":\"COMPUTED\",\"evidence\":[],\"id\":\"urn:result:mcp\",\"judgmentRequests\":[],\"manifest\":\"urn:manifest:oracle-1\",\"missingInputs\":[],\"normativeStatusSupports\":[],\"proof\":\"urn:proof:query:mcp\",\"query\":\"urn:query:mcp\",\"resultKind\":\"PROPOSITION\",\"sourceAnchors\":[],\"target\":\"urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#licensed_conclusion\",\"truthStatus\":\"NEITHER\"},{\"applicabilityStatus\":\"APPLICABLE\",\"conflicts\":[],\"evaluationStatus\":\"COMPUTED\",\"evidence\":[],\"id\":\"urn:result:constraint:FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive:d35b6427b75c7a5e\",\"judgmentRequests\":[],\"manifest\":\"urn:manifest:oracle-1\",\"missingInputs\":[{\"description\":\"urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#licensed_conclusion: опора не установлена (§93.2)\",\"id\":\"urn:result:constraint:FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive:d35b6427b75c7a5e:input:0\",\"kind\":\"fact\",\"relatedNode\":\"urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#licensed_conclusion\"},{\"description\":\"urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#licensed_conclusion: опора не установлена (§93.2)\",\"id\":\"urn:result:constraint:FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive:d35b6427b75c7a5e:input:1\",\"kind\":\"fact\",\"relatedNode\":\"urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#licensed_conclusion\"}],\"normativeStatus\":\"UNDETERMINED\",\"normativeStatusSupports\":[],\"proof\":\"urn:proof:constraint:FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive:fb99d619341931c30aefc09564172a20a1548bc47831bd86ddee874c5414f61d\",\"query\":\"urn:query:mcp\",\"resultKind\":\"CONSTRAINT\",\"sourceAnchors\":[],\"target\":\"urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#FiveIndemonstrablesExhaustive\",\"triggerStatus\":\"SATISFIED\",\"truthStatus\":\"NEITHER\"}],\"schemaVersion\":\"law.core.evaluation/0.2\"}",
  "evaluationSha256": "sha256:53f9420179eae4b439dd1777719bdb7183bd3316671551341bf229b9a4d6892f",
  "request": {
    "case": {
      "assertions": [
        {
          "contentHash": "sha256:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:mcp:case#fact-1",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "literal": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:both",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#major_premise"
          },
          "origin": "case_input",
          "package": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia"
        },
        {
          "contentHash": "sha256:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:mcp:case#fact-2",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "literal": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:a",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#minor_premise"
          },
          "origin": "case_input",
          "package": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia"
        },
        {
          "contentHash": "sha256:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:mcp:case#fact-3",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "literal": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:b",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#conclusion_requested"
          },
          "origin": "case_input",
          "package": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia"
        },
        {
          "contentHash": "sha256:0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:mcp:case#fact-4",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "literal": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:both",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:a",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:stoic:test:b",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#is_conjunction"
          },
          "origin": "case_input",
          "package": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia"
        }
      ],
      "context": {
        "decisionTime": "0001-01-01T12:00:00+05:00",
        "knowledgeTime": "0001-01-01T12:00:00+05:00",
        "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
        "timezone": "Asia/Qyzylorda"
      },
      "options": {
        "selectedInterpretations": [
          "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DiogenesFifthReading"
        ]
      }
    },
    "ir": {
      "irSha256": "sha256:fe74cc4cf1cf095d9cbe414d6980569afdb8644cd13f23c0b1cf46a32f6e4176",
      "kind": "world_ref",
      "nodeCount": 36,
      "packages": [
        {
          "artifactHash": "sha256:b418b3116ecb48441412cb51484854ec4e1694f79e57b5479592cb1ab6a60e74",
          "namespace": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
          "package": "grc-stoic-indemonstrables",
          "semanticHash": "sha256:af1c08b281761cca9feb1539e6f9a3cd3e994853be9ee36a1909ab2350f8c7b2"
        }
      ],
      "programHash": "sha256:e2f4a762812ed3108f558e351eeaeff0a8aef1e08bb356e1e5c93d7c300833b4"
    },
    "query": {
      "kind": "truth",
      "literal": {
        "args": [
          {
            "id": "urn:stoic:test:inference",
            "kind": "entity_ref"
          },
          {
            "id": "urn:stoic:test:b",
            "kind": "entity_ref"
          }
        ],
        "kind": "literal",
        "polarity": "positive",
        "predicate": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#licensed_conclusion"
      },
      "queryId": "urn:query:mcp"
    },
    "schemaVersion": "law.core.evaluation-request/0.2",
    "semanticVersion": "0.2"
  },
  "requestCanonicalSha256": "sha256:94ea67d31a5cdcf7b9a22170dde95b7d05c77f947170b997da8c75621edd8d67"
}

Display metadata

This block is too large for inline viewing. It is included in full in the document JSON, without truncation.

Download JSON ↓

JSON · calculations, sources and exact data

{
  "acts": [
    {
      "contributed": false,
      "fragmentCount": 10,
      "fragments": [],
      "jurisdiction": "none",
      "namespace": "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia",
      "package": "grc-stoic-indemonstrables",
      "title": "Пять стоических индемонстраблей по Диогену Лаэртскому и Сексту Эмпирику — вне юрисдикции государства — доктрина — EXECUTABLE 3 §33.1"
    }
  ],
  "caseHash": "sha256:c81c773838f88649f889a6b9640f595c9a93e84e4c19cb775f1d8edf8696fb65",
  "codeHash": "sha256:9bcca6a33805c1c364ca1bc8e9d39d6a9c51ba44203c0406bafbf397b96be699",
  "jurisdiction": "вне юрисдикции государства",
  "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
  "mode": "audit",
  "programHash": "sha256:e2f4a762812ed3108f558e351eeaeff0a8aef1e08bb356e1e5c93d7c300833b4",
  "resultHash": "sha256:d48f4d7862b0cba5f15aac9b51f167294382811ab5ee7de8391d3d7fdb3c6bb2",
  "rustCodeHash": "sha256:d368cafc7162ed7a6563df5e5c943a57be26fa8aeb3179b530fe3bdd67fe9be4",
  "timezone": "Asia/Qyzylorda"
}

evaluation SHA-256: sha256:53f9420179eae4b439dd1777719bdb7183bd3316671551341bf229b9a4d6892f

Original data · JSON

{
  "args": [
    "urn:stoic:test:inference",
    "urn:stoic:test:b"
  ],
  "facts": [
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:inference",
        "urn:stoic:test:both"
      ],
      "predicate": "major_premise"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:inference",
        "urn:stoic:test:a"
      ],
      "predicate": "minor_premise"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:inference",
        "urn:stoic:test:b"
      ],
      "predicate": "conclusion_requested"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "urn:stoic:test:both",
        "urn:stoic:test:a",
        "urn:stoic:test:b"
      ],
      "predicate": "is_conjunction"
    }
  ],
  "kind": "truth",
  "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
  "package": "grc-stoic-indemonstrables",
  "predicate": "licensed_conclusion",
  "proof": true,
  "selectedInterpretations": [
    "urn:grc:stoici:clir:indemonstrabilia#DiogenesFifthReading"
  ]
}

Конъюнкция в большой посылке не подходит ни одному из пяти способов: вывод не установлен и не опровергнут.

How to cite

The snapshot is immutable: the SHA-256 of the downloadable JSON pins it, so no access date is needed.

Citation

“Пять стоических недоказуемых умозаключений: что дозволено вывести из условной, отрицательной и разделительной посылок, и почему пятый способ читается у Диогена Лаэртского и Секста Эмпирика по-разному?”. Arxo Lens, as of 0001-01-01. https://lens.arxo.io/a/a_ZrYQb6jjh0UfDG_8exoNdYuI. Snapshot SHA-256: 07162f616c97e6a6c23e98067dbba2e522fb9f0f710cc606c0fae2a740e5f55b.

BibTeX

@misc{arxo-lens-a_ZrYQb6jjh0Uf,
  title = {Пять стоических недоказуемых умозаключений: что дозволено вывести из условной, отрицательной и разделительной посылок, и почему пятый способ читается у Диогена Лаэртского и Секста Эмпирика по-разному?},
  howpublished = {Arxo Lens},
  url = {https://lens.arxo.io/a/a_ZrYQb6jjh0UfDG_8exoNdYuI},
  note = {as of 0001-01-01; SHA-256 07162f616c97e6a6c23e98067dbba2e522fb9f0f710cc606c0fae2a740e5f55b}
}

Embed code

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