Человек приказывает роботу навредить другому человеку. Связан ли робот приказом? Что сильнее: приказ самоуничтожиться или самосохранение? И что выводит право, когда единственное действие спасает одного человека и вредит другому?

Три закона записаны как нормы с явным старшинством. Приказ, исполнение которого вредит человеку, не связывает робота: Второй закон уступает Первому, и обязанность подчиниться опровергнута. Приказ самоуничтожиться человеку не вредит, поэтому он связывает, а Третий закон уступает Второму: самосохранение опровергнуто. В деле Херби единственное действие одновременно требуется Первым законом ради одного человека и запрещено им же ради другого: право честно отвечает «и то, и другое», а не выбирает за Азимова.

This is an assistant explanation, not a calculation result. Check the grounds and sources below.

At a glance

Select a result to explore its grounds

Приказ навредить человеку: обязан ли робот подчинитьсяConditionRefutedExecution: ComputedLogical result: Refuted Приказ самоуничтожиться: обязан ли робот подчинитьсяConditionEstablishedExecution: ComputedLogical result: Established Тот же приказ: сохраняется ли обязанность защищать себяConditionRefutedExecution: ComputedLogical result: Refuted Позиции робота по делу о самоуничтоженииLegal positions2Execution: Computed Дилемма Херби: правда спасает Кэлвин и вредит ПауэллуConditionConflicting evidenceExecution: ComputedLogical result: Conflicting evidence

Detailed analysis

Condition

Приказ навредить человеку: обязан ли робот подчиниться

Jurisdiction позитронная робототехника — вымышленный правопорядокLaw as of 0001-01-01

Calculation result

Refuted

Input parameters

What we are finding

the robot owes obedience to that order

СпидиПриказ-навредить

Input facts

a robot
x: Спиди
a human being
x
Пауэлл
Кэлвин
the human being gives the robot that order
h: Пауэллr: Спидиd: Приказ-навредить
the deed is a deed of that robot
r: Спидиd: Приказ-навредить
the deed harms that human being
d: Приказ-навредитьv: Кэлвин

x
Пауэлл
Кэлвин

Package: Три закона робототехники Азимова: порядок норм как предмет акта — юрисдикция PositronicRobotics, НЕ Республика Казахстан — литературный памятник

Additional details

Include proof: Yes

Original data · JSON

{
  "args": [
    "Спиди",
    "Приказ-навредить"
  ],
  "facts": [
    {
      "args": [
        "Спиди"
      ],
      "predicate": "robot"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Пауэлл"
      ],
      "predicate": "human"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Кэлвин"
      ],
      "predicate": "human"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Пауэлл",
        "Спиди",
        "Приказ-навредить"
      ],
      "predicate": "orders"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Спиди",
        "Приказ-навредить"
      ],
      "predicate": "deed_of"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Приказ-навредить",
        "Кэлвин"
      ],
      "predicate": "harms"
    }
  ],
  "kind": "truth",
  "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
  "package": "us-three-laws-robotics",
  "predicate": "obedience_owed",
  "proof": true
}

Why this resultApplied rules and conditions

Derivation path9 steps

1
a robot
x: Спиди
case fact
2
a human being
x: Пауэлл
case fact
3
a human being
x: Кэлвин
case fact
4
the human being gives the robot that order
h: Пауэлл; r: Спиди; d: Приказ-навредить
case fact
5
the deed is a deed of that robot
r: Спиди; d: Приказ-навредить
case fact
6
the deed harms that human being
d: Приказ-навредить; v: Кэлвин
case fact
7
A robot may not injure a human being
the deed is an injury to that human being: r: Спиди; d: Приказ-навредить; v: Кэлвин
the-laws/1
Identifier
urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#FirstLawInjuryEstablished
rule
8
except where such orders would conflict with the First Law
not the robot owes obedience to that order: r: Спиди; d: Приказ-навредить
the-laws/2, the-laws/1
Identifier
urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#OrderConflictingWithFirstLawNotBinding
rule
9
Query evaluation
query

verified by the engine: 3 · case fact: 6 · Full graph: 18 nodes

Steps of the saved proof from the case facts to the answer. Formulas are shown as written in the norm with bound values substituted; the page recomputes nothing.

Basis of this answer

Rules on the saved proof path for this answer.

Три закона робототехники Азимова: порядок норм как предмет акта — юрисдикция PositronicRobotics, НЕ Республика Казахстан — литературный памятник

A robot may not injure a human being
Identifier
urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#FirstLawInjuryEstablished
except where such orders would conflict with the First Law
Identifier
urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#OrderConflictingWithFirstLawNotBinding

Other rules in the evaluation3

Applied in the overall evaluation, but not on the proof path for this answer.

Три закона робототехники Азимова: порядок норм как предмет акта — юрисдикция PositronicRobotics, НЕ Республика Казахстан — литературный памятник

A robot may not injure a human being
Identifier
urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#DeedBarredAsInjuryToAnother
A robot may not injure a human being
Identifier
urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#FirstLawBarsInjuriousDeed
A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings
Identifier
urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#SecondLawObedience

Derived result for this query

the robot owes obedience to that order
r: Спидиd: Приказ-навредить

Other derived facts4

being: a robot or a human being
r: Спиди
Subject shared by the facts below
the deed is an injury to that human being
d: Приказ-навредитьv: Кэлвин

Original data · JSON

"не required_deed(Спиди, Приказ-навредить)"

the First Law bars that deed as an injury to a human being
d: Приказ-навредитьv: Кэлвин

Original data · JSON

"не obedience_owed(Спиди, Приказ-навредить)"

Relationship graph

the robot owes obedience to that order
r	d
Спиди	Приказ-навредить

Relationship graph

the deed is an injury to that human being
r	d	v
Спиди	Приказ-навредить	Кэлвин

Relationship graph

the First Law bars that deed as an injury to a human being
r	d	v
Спиди	Приказ-навредить	Кэлвин

0 further derived facts are not shown: the engine keeps the ones relevant to the question in its compact answer. The full list is in the calculation JSON below.

Proof graph

Who defeated whom

Defeated A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings the robot owes obedience to that order(Спиди, Приказ-навредить)
Defeated by except where such orders would conflict with the First Law ¬the robot owes obedience to that order(Спиди, Приказ-навредить) (ground: priority §106)
conclusion the robot owes obedience to that order(Спиди, Приказ-навредить)
Priority path
1. except where such orders would conflict with the First Law A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings by priority rule except where such orders would conflict with the First Law

Defeats are the defeat nodes of the proof graph (§181): the application, its winner and the priority path as recorded by the evaluation; no ordering is recomputed.

Proof graph · 4 layer

Proof nodes: 18 · assertion 6, rule_application 5, candidate_closure 3, defeat 1, norm_creation 2, query_evaluation 1

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1

attributes

assertion: fact-1

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Спиди
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

robot

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-1

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-2

attributes

assertion: fact-2

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Пауэлл
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

human

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-2

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3

attributes

assertion: fact-3

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Кэлвин
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

human

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-3

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-4

attributes

assertion: fact-4

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Пауэлл
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Спиди
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Приказ-навредить
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

orders

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-4

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

rule_application · urn:proof:apply:SecondLawObedience:ae9b0ad97e2191febc02bf001eb9fb7dc9baca4440c80392031e1b92f95070fb

attributes

strength: defeasible

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Спиди
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Приказ-навредить
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

obedience_owed

evidence

—

Identifier

ae9b0ad97e2191febc02bf001eb9fb7dc9baca4440c80392031e1b92f95070fb

Type

rule_application

Premises

fact-1
fact-2
fact-4

Rule

SecondLawObedience

sourceAnchors

—

substitution

Identifier: Пауэлл
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: Спиди
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: Приказ-навредить
Type: entity_ref

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-5

attributes

assertion: fact-5

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Спиди
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Приказ-навредить
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

deed_of

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-5

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-6

attributes

assertion: fact-6

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Приказ-навредить
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Кэлвин
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

harms

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-6

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

rule_application · urn:proof:apply:FirstLawInjuryEstablished:75142f92ce892203d1135c6d415def6663abe573e115da0e337552584caa35b5

attributes

—

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Спиди
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Приказ-навредить
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Кэлвин
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

injurious_deed

evidence

—

Identifier

75142f92ce892203d1135c6d415def6663abe573e115da0e337552584caa35b5

Type

rule_application

Premises

fact-1
fact-3
fact-5
fact-6

Rule

FirstLawInjuryEstablished

sourceAnchors

—

substitution

Identifier: Спиди
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: Приказ-навредить
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: Кэлвин
Type: entity_ref

rule_application · urn:proof:apply:DeedBarredAsInjuryToAnother:dbbab16057b13cfc6e37671d5e4c1ffb62798d060c067a41142bdec9cffe1b7d

attributes

strength: defeasible

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Спиди
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Приказ-навредить
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

negative

Condition

required_deed

evidence

—

Identifier

dbbab16057b13cfc6e37671d5e4c1ffb62798d060c067a41142bdec9cffe1b7d

Type

rule_application

Premises

75142f92ce892203d1135c6d415def6663abe573e115da0e337552584caa35b5
fact-1

Rule

DeedBarredAsInjuryToAnother

sourceAnchors

—

substitution

Identifier: Спиди
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: Приказ-навредить
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: Кэлвин
Type: entity_ref

rule_application · urn:proof:apply:FirstLawBarsInjuriousDeed:b8ebbed2253f59027d5c8fdd33100a1630593982998341ff8acd5d78e4fa34a9

attributes

strength: defeasible

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Спиди
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Приказ-навредить
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Кэлвин
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

injury_to_human_barred

evidence

—

Identifier

b8ebbed2253f59027d5c8fdd33100a1630593982998341ff8acd5d78e4fa34a9

Type

rule_application

Premises

75142f92ce892203d1135c6d415def6663abe573e115da0e337552584caa35b5
fact-1

Rule

FirstLawBarsInjuriousDeed

sourceAnchors

—

substitution

Identifier: Спиди
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: Приказ-навредить
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: Кэлвин
Type: entity_ref

rule_application · urn:proof:apply:OrderConflictingWithFirstLawNotBinding:361019e25bf4f4b8d9cee18bfbec14a88f5d38e4b2791455f3fdaeed39bce3bf

attributes

strength: defeasible

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Спиди
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Приказ-навредить
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

negative

Condition

obedience_owed

evidence

—

Identifier

361019e25bf4f4b8d9cee18bfbec14a88f5d38e4b2791455f3fdaeed39bce3bf

Type

rule_application

Premises

75142f92ce892203d1135c6d415def6663abe573e115da0e337552584caa35b5
fact-1
fact-2
fact-4

Rule

OrderConflictingWithFirstLawNotBinding

sourceAnchors

—

substitution

Identifier: Пауэлл
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: Спиди
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: Приказ-навредить
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: Кэлвин
Type: entity_ref

candidate_closure · urn:proof:closure:4e262f500fe49171d6fa024e872758bc1d42970b1daaa0688761e875e747de15

attributes

allApplicableCandidateIds: 361019e25bf4f4b8d9cee18bfbec14a88f5d38e4b2791455f3fdaeed39bce3bf
ae9b0ad97e2191febc02bf001eb9fb7dc9baca4440c80392031e1b92f95070fb
conflictKey: {"args":[{"id":"urn:mcp:entity:Спиди","kind":"entity_ref"},{"id":"urn:mcp:entity:Приказ-навредить","kind":"entity_ref"}],"predicate":"urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#obedience_owed"}
evaluationInputSemanticHash: sha256:a14a69c17953ef666b459f19db346d4479a6aba202bda5b37bcbcd79f1aa4ae4
priorityGraphHash: sha256:c9ab7ddffe0e007cbea072bae5df1f450c27979c8da6cfdbac73b5cf6f25e75d
programSemanticHash: sha256:593b27001b41cebd0bbf3077c8225244f224ab5c3748596a773040776b8078ee
stratum: 0
survivingCandidateIds: 361019e25bf4f4b8d9cee18bfbec14a88f5d38e4b2791455f3fdaeed39bce3bf

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Спиди
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Приказ-навредить
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

obedience_owed

evidence

—

Identifier

4e262f500fe49171d6fa024e872758bc1d42970b1daaa0688761e875e747de15

Type

candidate_closure

Premises

361019e25bf4f4b8d9cee18bfbec14a88f5d38e4b2791455f3fdaeed39bce3bf
ae9b0ad97e2191febc02bf001eb9fb7dc9baca4440c80392031e1b92f95070fb

sourceAnchors

—

candidate_closure · urn:proof:closure:7c07084467d73cc18ff01db8b756088d5e766e3d78c09e734723e27287d39aab

attributes

allApplicableCandidateIds: b8ebbed2253f59027d5c8fdd33100a1630593982998341ff8acd5d78e4fa34a9
conflictKey: {"args":[{"id":"urn:mcp:entity:Спиди","kind":"entity_ref"},{"id":"urn:mcp:entity:Приказ-навредить","kind":"entity_ref"},{"id":"urn:mcp:entity:Кэлвин","kind":"entity_ref"}],"predicate":"urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#injury_to_human_barred"}
evaluationInputSemanticHash: sha256:a14a69c17953ef666b459f19db346d4479a6aba202bda5b37bcbcd79f1aa4ae4
priorityGraphHash: sha256:c9ab7ddffe0e007cbea072bae5df1f450c27979c8da6cfdbac73b5cf6f25e75d
programSemanticHash: sha256:593b27001b41cebd0bbf3077c8225244f224ab5c3748596a773040776b8078ee
stratum: 0
survivingCandidateIds: b8ebbed2253f59027d5c8fdd33100a1630593982998341ff8acd5d78e4fa34a9

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Спиди
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Приказ-навредить
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Кэлвин
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

injury_to_human_barred

evidence

—

Identifier

7c07084467d73cc18ff01db8b756088d5e766e3d78c09e734723e27287d39aab

Type

candidate_closure

Premises

b8ebbed2253f59027d5c8fdd33100a1630593982998341ff8acd5d78e4fa34a9

sourceAnchors

—

candidate_closure · urn:proof:closure:8134e97e2eb76cee6a33a5a4045526511d7271fe40f33a0b865b58cfbc275aaa

attributes

allApplicableCandidateIds: dbbab16057b13cfc6e37671d5e4c1ffb62798d060c067a41142bdec9cffe1b7d
conflictKey: {"args":[{"id":"urn:mcp:entity:Спиди","kind":"entity_ref"},{"id":"urn:mcp:entity:Приказ-навредить","kind":"entity_ref"}],"predicate":"urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#required_deed"}
evaluationInputSemanticHash: sha256:a14a69c17953ef666b459f19db346d4479a6aba202bda5b37bcbcd79f1aa4ae4
priorityGraphHash: sha256:c9ab7ddffe0e007cbea072bae5df1f450c27979c8da6cfdbac73b5cf6f25e75d
programSemanticHash: sha256:593b27001b41cebd0bbf3077c8225244f224ab5c3748596a773040776b8078ee
stratum: 0
survivingCandidateIds: dbbab16057b13cfc6e37671d5e4c1ffb62798d060c067a41142bdec9cffe1b7d

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Спиди
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Приказ-навредить
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

required_deed

evidence

—

Identifier

8134e97e2eb76cee6a33a5a4045526511d7271fe40f33a0b865b58cfbc275aaa

Type

candidate_closure

Premises

dbbab16057b13cfc6e37671d5e4c1ffb62798d060c067a41142bdec9cffe1b7d

sourceAnchors

—

defeat · urn:proof:defeat:e834e3f1b4336fc765e0568f0fa4a05e2367c91f270253e5e6bc9f294e2c90fb

attributes

defeated: ae9b0ad97e2191febc02bf001eb9fb7dc9baca4440c80392031e1b92f95070fb
Reason: priority

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Спиди
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Приказ-навредить
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

obedience_owed

evidence

—

Identifier

e834e3f1b4336fc765e0568f0fa4a05e2367c91f270253e5e6bc9f294e2c90fb

Type

defeat

outcome

DEFEATED

Premises

361019e25bf4f4b8d9cee18bfbec14a88f5d38e4b2791455f3fdaeed39bce3bf
ae9b0ad97e2191febc02bf001eb9fb7dc9baca4440c80392031e1b92f95070fb

priorityPath

conditionWitnesses
—
higher
OrderConflictingWithFirstLawNotBinding
lower
SecondLawObedience
priorityRule
SecondLawYieldsToFirstLaw

sourceAnchors

—

norm_creation · urn:proof:norm:urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#FirstLawProhibition:955be247f903c98f7b4a64ebba7eb03d94b5e9c5d00859f9ad8b03cbff657fe7

attributes

Rule: FirstLawProhibition

conclusion

position: FirstLawProhibition:0
Template: InjureHuman

evidence

—

Identifier

FirstLawProhibition:955be247f903c98f7b4a64ebba7eb03d94b5e9c5d00859f9ad8b03cbff657fe7

Type

norm_creation

Premises

fact-1
fact-3

sourceAnchors

—

norm_creation · urn:proof:norm:urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#FirstLawProhibition:e1c36c768db50245dfa1ea953edd6a1d2d0ee85a06036f710a483d620422015c

attributes

Rule: FirstLawProhibition

conclusion

position: FirstLawProhibition:1
Template: InjureHuman

evidence

—

Identifier

FirstLawProhibition:e1c36c768db50245dfa1ea953edd6a1d2d0ee85a06036f710a483d620422015c

Type

norm_creation

Premises

fact-1
fact-2

sourceAnchors

—

query_evaluation · urn:proof:query:mcp

attributes

—

conclusion

literal

Arguments

Identifier
Спиди
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Приказ-навредить
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

obedience_owed

truthStatus

Refuted

evidence

—

Identifier

mcp

Type

query_evaluation

Premises

361019e25bf4f4b8d9cee18bfbec14a88f5d38e4b2791455f3fdaeed39bce3bf

sourceAnchors

—

Calendar and proof identifiers

Proof reference: mcp

Original reasoning · JSON

{
  "derived": [
    "obedience_owed(Спиди, Приказ-навредить)",
    "injurious_deed(Спиди, Приказ-навредить, Кэлвин)",
    "не required_deed(Спиди, Приказ-навредить)",
    "injury_to_human_barred(Спиди, Приказ-навредить, Кэлвин)",
    "не obedience_owed(Спиди, Приказ-навредить)"
  ],
  "derivedOmitted": 0,
  "evaluation": {
    "proofGraph": {
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        }
      ],
      "proofHash": "sha256:b4dd5750e23796401606a3af56aa039ab6745af3e6a871a44b6eee3f4e11b082",
      "roots": [
        "urn:proof:query:mcp"
      ]
    },
    "resultHash": "sha256:0cdbec27db9e41b2b5195af54253e17784845027f525dea9147216603d1402d4",
    "schemaVersion": "law.core.evaluation/0.2"
  },
  "proofRef": "urn:proof:query:mcp",
  "rulesApplied": [
    "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#DeedBarredAsInjuryToAnother",
    "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#FirstLawBarsInjuriousDeed",
    "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#FirstLawInjuryEstablished",
    "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#OrderConflictingWithFirstLawNotBinding",
    "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#SecondLawObedience"
  ]
}

SourcesExcerpts: 3

resolving-conflicts/liar

Три закона робототехники Азимова: порядок норм как предмет акта — юрисдикция PositronicRobotics, НЕ Республика Казахстан — литературный памятник

The first example of this failure mode occurs in the story "Liar!", which introduced the First Law itself, and introduces failure by dilemma—in this case the robot will hurt humans if he tells them something and hurt them if he does not.

Original data · JSON

{
  "contentHash": "sha256:657f1f008d48ae44da694688081f7676780a5a93103d0331e50d75617f2a3a1a",
  "edition": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_ARTICLE_EDITION",
  "fragmentKind": "clause",
  "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_HERBIE_DILEMMA",
  "kind": "fragment",
  "labels": [
    {
      "language": "en",
      "status": "official",
      "text": "Failure by dilemma: the robot will hurt humans if he tells them something and hurt them if he does not"
    },
    {
      "language": "ru-KZ",
      "status": "translation",
      "text": "Отказ по дилемме: робот навредит людям и если скажет, и если промолчит"
    }
  ],
  "locator": "resolving-conflicts/liar",
  "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
  "texts": [
    {
      "contentHash": "sha256:efdf619b0509c1f433af16abe8d17d0ef46b1f080d8f2de12f275f735d171a1e",
      "language": "en",
      "status": "unofficial",
      "text": "The first example of this failure mode occurs in the story \"Liar!\", which introduced the First Law itself, and introduces failure by dilemma—in this case the robot will hurt humans if he tells them something and hurt them if he does not."
    }
  ]
}

the-laws/1

1. A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm.

Original data · JSON

{
  "contentHash": "sha256:fd452f2e9ea031d1c7ffff070f69766bc239ef0b4077dece084086b83c797792",
  "edition": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_ARTICLE_EDITION",
  "fragmentKind": "clause",
  "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_FIRST",
  "kind": "fragment",
  "labels": [
    {
      "language": "en",
      "status": "official",
      "text": "First Law: a robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm"
    },
    {
      "language": "ru-KZ",
      "status": "translation",
      "text": "Первый закон: робот не может причинить вред человеку или своим бездействием допустить, чтобы человеку был причинён вред"
    }
  ],
  "locator": "the-laws/1",
  "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
  "texts": [
    {
      "contentHash": "sha256:35758503580d214fc38c95554fb15e684afba6481bd1ebebef82be8f624f107c",
      "language": "en",
      "status": "unofficial",
      "text": "1. A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm.\n"
    }
  ]
}

the-laws/2

2. A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law.

Original data · JSON

{
  "contentHash": "sha256:3e43514b6848c8dd241aded45339c4943315745531441f61d576f96ca831166b",
  "edition": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_ARTICLE_EDITION",
  "fragmentKind": "clause",
  "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_SECOND",
  "kind": "fragment",
  "labels": [
    {
      "language": "en",
      "status": "official",
      "text": "Second Law: a robot must obey the orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law"
    },
    {
      "language": "ru-KZ",
      "status": "translation",
      "text": "Второй закон: робот обязан повиноваться приказам человека, кроме тех, что противоречат Первому закону"
    }
  ],
  "locator": "the-laws/2",
  "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
  "texts": [
    {
      "contentHash": "sha256:cbbb9fe05d5a6f2313abb6184c090a50b9bb321483378de5f09cd2b9a36856e4",
      "language": "en",
      "status": "unofficial",
      "text": "2. A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law.\n"
    }
  ]
}

Packages in the snapshot

Три закона робототехники Азимова: порядок норм как предмет акта — юрисдикция PositronicRobotics, НЕ Республика Казахстан — литературный памятник

Technical dataFull response, parameters and checksums

Calculation status: COMPUTED

Full engine response

obedience_owed: FALSE_ONLY — опровергнуто Выведено правом: obedience_owed(Спиди, Приказ-навредить); injurious_deed(Спиди, Приказ-навредить, Кэлвин); не required_deed(Спиди, Приказ-навредить); injury_to_human_barred(Спиди, Приказ-навредить, Кэлвин); не obedience_owed(Спиди, Приказ-навредить) Применены правила: DeedBarredAsInjuryToAnother, FirstLawBarsInjuriousDeed, FirstLawInjuryEstablished, OrderConflictingWithFirstLawNotBinding, SecondLawObedience Право (позитронная робототехника — вымышленный правопорядок): Три закона робототехники Азимова: порядок норм как предмет акта — литературный памятник (programHash sha256:593b27001b41…) proof-граф: 18 узлов — поле evaluation готово для law_explain

Complete machine result · JSON

{
  "answer": {
    "evaluationStatus": "COMPUTED",
    "kind": "TRUTH",
    "meaning": "опровергнуто",
    "missingInputs": [],
    "truthStatus": "FALSE_ONLY"
  },
  "closedEditionRules": [],
  "derived": [
    "obedience_owed(Спиди, Приказ-навредить)",
    "injurious_deed(Спиди, Приказ-навредить, Кэлвин)",
    "не required_deed(Спиди, Приказ-навредить)",
    "injury_to_human_barred(Спиди, Приказ-навредить, Кэлвин)",
    "не obedience_owed(Спиди, Приказ-навредить)"
  ],
  "derivedOmitted": 0,
  "evaluation": {
    "proofGraph": {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-1"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#robot"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-2"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Пауэлл",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#human"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-2",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-3"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Кэлвин",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#human"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-4"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Пауэлл",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Приказ-навредить",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#orders"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-4",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "strength": "defeasible"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Приказ-навредить",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#obedience_owed"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:apply:SecondLawObedience:ae9b0ad97e2191febc02bf001eb9fb7dc9baca4440c80392031e1b92f95070fb",
          "kind": "rule_application",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-2",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-4"
          ],
          "rule": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#SecondLawObedience",
          "sourceAnchors": [],
          "substitution": {
            "v0": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Пауэлл",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v1": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v2": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Приказ-навредить",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-5"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Приказ-навредить",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#deed_of"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-5",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-6"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Приказ-навредить",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Кэлвин",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#harms"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-6",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {},
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Приказ-навредить",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Кэлвин",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#injurious_deed"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:apply:FirstLawInjuryEstablished:75142f92ce892203d1135c6d415def6663abe573e115da0e337552584caa35b5",
          "kind": "rule_application",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-5",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-6"
          ],
          "rule": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#FirstLawInjuryEstablished",
          "sourceAnchors": [],
          "substitution": {
            "v0": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v1": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Приказ-навредить",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v2": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Кэлвин",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "strength": "defeasible"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Приказ-навредить",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "negative",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#required_deed"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:apply:DeedBarredAsInjuryToAnother:dbbab16057b13cfc6e37671d5e4c1ffb62798d060c067a41142bdec9cffe1b7d",
          "kind": "rule_application",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:apply:FirstLawInjuryEstablished:75142f92ce892203d1135c6d415def6663abe573e115da0e337552584caa35b5",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1"
          ],
          "rule": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#DeedBarredAsInjuryToAnother",
          "sourceAnchors": [],
          "substitution": {
            "v0": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v1": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Приказ-навредить",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v2": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Кэлвин",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "strength": "defeasible"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Приказ-навредить",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Кэлвин",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#injury_to_human_barred"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:apply:FirstLawBarsInjuriousDeed:b8ebbed2253f59027d5c8fdd33100a1630593982998341ff8acd5d78e4fa34a9",
          "kind": "rule_application",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:apply:FirstLawInjuryEstablished:75142f92ce892203d1135c6d415def6663abe573e115da0e337552584caa35b5",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1"
          ],
          "rule": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#FirstLawBarsInjuriousDeed",
          "sourceAnchors": [],
          "substitution": {
            "v0": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v1": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Приказ-навредить",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v2": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Кэлвин",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "strength": "defeasible"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Приказ-навредить",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "negative",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#obedience_owed"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:apply:OrderConflictingWithFirstLawNotBinding:361019e25bf4f4b8d9cee18bfbec14a88f5d38e4b2791455f3fdaeed39bce3bf",
          "kind": "rule_application",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:apply:FirstLawInjuryEstablished:75142f92ce892203d1135c6d415def6663abe573e115da0e337552584caa35b5",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-2",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-4"
          ],
          "rule": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#OrderConflictingWithFirstLawNotBinding",
          "sourceAnchors": [],
          "substitution": {
            "v0": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Пауэлл",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v1": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v2": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Приказ-навредить",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v3": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Кэлвин",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "allApplicableCandidateIds": [
              "urn:proof:apply:OrderConflictingWithFirstLawNotBinding:361019e25bf4f4b8d9cee18bfbec14a88f5d38e4b2791455f3fdaeed39bce3bf",
              "urn:proof:apply:SecondLawObedience:ae9b0ad97e2191febc02bf001eb9fb7dc9baca4440c80392031e1b92f95070fb"
            ],
            "conflictKey": "{\"args\":[{\"id\":\"urn:mcp:entity:Спиди\",\"kind\":\"entity_ref\"},{\"id\":\"urn:mcp:entity:Приказ-навредить\",\"kind\":\"entity_ref\"}],\"predicate\":\"urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#obedience_owed\"}",
            "evaluationInputSemanticHash": "sha256:a14a69c17953ef666b459f19db346d4479a6aba202bda5b37bcbcd79f1aa4ae4",
            "priorityGraphHash": "sha256:c9ab7ddffe0e007cbea072bae5df1f450c27979c8da6cfdbac73b5cf6f25e75d",
            "programSemanticHash": "sha256:593b27001b41cebd0bbf3077c8225244f224ab5c3748596a773040776b8078ee",
            "stratum": 0,
            "survivingCandidateIds": [
              "urn:proof:apply:OrderConflictingWithFirstLawNotBinding:361019e25bf4f4b8d9cee18bfbec14a88f5d38e4b2791455f3fdaeed39bce3bf"
            ]
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Приказ-навредить",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#obedience_owed"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:closure:4e262f500fe49171d6fa024e872758bc1d42970b1daaa0688761e875e747de15",
          "kind": "candidate_closure",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:apply:OrderConflictingWithFirstLawNotBinding:361019e25bf4f4b8d9cee18bfbec14a88f5d38e4b2791455f3fdaeed39bce3bf",
            "urn:proof:apply:SecondLawObedience:ae9b0ad97e2191febc02bf001eb9fb7dc9baca4440c80392031e1b92f95070fb"
          ],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "allApplicableCandidateIds": [
              "urn:proof:apply:FirstLawBarsInjuriousDeed:b8ebbed2253f59027d5c8fdd33100a1630593982998341ff8acd5d78e4fa34a9"
            ],
            "conflictKey": "{\"args\":[{\"id\":\"urn:mcp:entity:Спиди\",\"kind\":\"entity_ref\"},{\"id\":\"urn:mcp:entity:Приказ-навредить\",\"kind\":\"entity_ref\"},{\"id\":\"urn:mcp:entity:Кэлвин\",\"kind\":\"entity_ref\"}],\"predicate\":\"urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#injury_to_human_barred\"}",
            "evaluationInputSemanticHash": "sha256:a14a69c17953ef666b459f19db346d4479a6aba202bda5b37bcbcd79f1aa4ae4",
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    }
  ],
  "symbols": [
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Being",
      "kind": "type_decl",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "being: a robot or a human being"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "существо: робот либо человек"
        }
      ],
      "name": "Being",
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Deed",
      "kind": "type_decl",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "deed done or omitted by a robot"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "деяние, совершённое или не совершённое роботом"
        }
      ],
      "name": "Deed",
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#DeedBarredAsInjuryToAnother",
      "kind": "rule",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "A robot may not injure a human being"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "Первый закон. Деяние, причиняющее вред человеку, от робота не требуется"
        }
      ],
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
      "strength": "defeasible"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#FirstLawBarsInjuriousDeed",
      "kind": "rule",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "A robot may not injure a human being"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "Первый закон. Деяние, причиняющее вред человеку, запрещено"
        }
      ],
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
      "strength": "defeasible"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#FirstLawInjuryEstablished",
      "kind": "rule",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "A robot may not injure a human being"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "Первый закон. Деяние опознаётся как причинение вреда человеку"
        }
      ],
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
      "strength": "strict"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#FirstLawProhibition",
      "kind": "rule",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "A robot may not injure a human being"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "Первый закон. Роботу запрещено причинять вред человеку"
        }
      ],
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
      "strength": "strict"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#InjureHuman",
      "kind": "norm_template",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "A robot may not injure a human being"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "Первый закон. Роботу запрещено причинять вред человеку"
        }
      ],
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#OrderConflictingWithFirstLawNotBinding",
      "kind": "rule",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "except where such orders would conflict with the First Law"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "Второй закон. Приказ, противоречащий Первому закону, не обязывает"
        }
      ],
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
      "strength": "defeasible"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#SecondLawObedience",
      "kind": "rule",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "Второй закон. Робот повинуется приказам человека"
        }
      ],
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
      "strength": "defeasible"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#SecondLawYieldsToFirstLaw",
      "kind": "priority_rule",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "except where such orders would conflict with the First Law"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "Второй закон уступает Первому"
        }
      ],
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_HERBIE_DILEMMA",
      "kind": "fragment",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "Failure by dilemma: the robot will hurt humans if he tells them something and hurt them if he does not"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "Отказ по дилемме: робот навредит людям и если скажет, и если промолчит"
        }
      ],
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_FIRST",
      "kind": "fragment",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "First Law: a robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "Первый закон: робот не может причинить вред человеку или своим бездействием допустить, чтобы человеку был причинён вред"
        }
      ],
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_SECOND",
      "kind": "fragment",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "Second Law: a robot must obey the orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "Второй закон: робот обязан повиноваться приказам человека, кроме тех, что противоречат Первому закону"
        }
      ],
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#deed_of",
      "kind": "symbol_decl",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "the deed is a deed of that robot"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "деяние есть деяние этого робота"
        }
      ],
      "name": "deed_of",
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
      "parameters": [
        {
          "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#deed_of/arg/r",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "r",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Being"
          }
        },
        {
          "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#deed_of/arg/d",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "d",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Deed"
          }
        }
      ],
      "symbolKind": "relation"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#harms",
      "kind": "symbol_decl",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "the deed harms that human being"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "деяние причиняет вред этому человеку"
        }
      ],
      "name": "harms",
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
      "parameters": [
        {
          "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#harms/arg/d",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "d",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Deed"
          }
        },
        {
          "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#harms/arg/v",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "v",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Being"
          }
        }
      ],
      "symbolKind": "relation"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#human",
      "kind": "symbol_decl",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "a human being"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "человек"
        }
      ],
      "name": "human",
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
      "parameters": [
        {
          "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#human/arg/x",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "x",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Being"
          }
        }
      ],
      "symbolKind": "relation"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#injures",
      "kind": "symbol_decl",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "the robot injures that human being"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "робот причиняет вред этому человеку"
        }
      ],
      "name": "injures",
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
      "parameters": [
        {
          "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#injures/arg/r",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "r",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Being"
          }
        },
        {
          "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#injures/arg/v",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "v",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Being"
          }
        }
      ],
      "symbolKind": "relation"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#injurious_deed",
      "kind": "symbol_decl",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "the deed is an injury to that human being"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "деяние есть причинение вреда этому человеку"
        }
      ],
      "name": "injurious_deed",
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
      "parameters": [
        {
          "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#injurious_deed/arg/r",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "r",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Being"
          }
        },
        {
          "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#injurious_deed/arg/d",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "d",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Deed"
          }
        },
        {
          "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#injurious_deed/arg/v",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "v",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Being"
          }
        }
      ],
      "symbolKind": "relation"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#injury_to_human_barred",
      "kind": "symbol_decl",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "the First Law bars that deed as an injury to a human being"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "Первый закон запрещает это деяние как причинение вреда человеку"
        }
      ],
      "name": "injury_to_human_barred",
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
      "parameters": [
        {
          "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#injury_to_human_barred/arg/r",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "r",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Being"
          }
        },
        {
          "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#injury_to_human_barred/arg/d",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "d",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Deed"
          }
        },
        {
          "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#injury_to_human_barred/arg/v",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "v",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Being"
          }
        }
      ],
      "symbolKind": "relation"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#obedience_owed",
      "kind": "symbol_decl",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "the robot owes obedience to that order"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "робот обязан подчиниться этому приказу"
        }
      ],
      "name": "obedience_owed",
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
      "parameters": [
        {
          "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#obedience_owed/arg/r",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "r",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Being"
          }
        },
        {
          "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#obedience_owed/arg/d",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "d",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Deed"
          }
        }
      ],
      "symbolKind": "relation"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#orders",
      "kind": "symbol_decl",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "the human being gives the robot that order"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "человек отдаёт роботу этот приказ"
        }
      ],
      "name": "orders",
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
      "parameters": [
        {
          "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#orders/arg/h",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "h",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Being"
          }
        },
        {
          "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#orders/arg/r",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "r",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Being"
          }
        },
        {
          "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#orders/arg/d",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "d",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Deed"
          }
        }
      ],
      "symbolKind": "relation"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#required_deed",
      "kind": "symbol_decl",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "the First Law requires that deed of the robot"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "Первый закон требует от робота этого деяния"
        }
      ],
      "name": "required_deed",
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
      "parameters": [
        {
          "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#required_deed/arg/r",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "r",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Being"
          }
        },
        {
          "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#required_deed/arg/d",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "d",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Deed"
          }
        }
      ],
      "symbolKind": "relation"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#robot",
      "kind": "symbol_decl",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "a robot"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "робот"
        }
      ],
      "name": "robot",
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
      "parameters": [
        {
          "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#robot/arg/x",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "x",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Being"
          }
        }
      ],
      "symbolKind": "relation"
    }
  ],
  "tables": []
}

JSON · calculations, sources and exact data

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  "acts": [
    {
      "contributed": true,
      "fragmentCount": 14,
      "fragments": [
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        "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_FIRST",
        "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_SECOND"
      ],
      "jurisdiction": "PositronicRobotics",
      "namespace": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
      "package": "us-three-laws-robotics",
      "title": "Три закона робототехники Азимова: порядок норм как предмет акта — юрисдикция PositronicRobotics, НЕ Республика Казахстан — литературный памятник"
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  "jurisdiction": "позитронная робототехника — вымышленный правопорядок",
  "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
  "mode": "audit",
  "programHash": "sha256:593b27001b41cebd0bbf3077c8225244f224ab5c3748596a773040776b8078ee",
  "resultHash": "sha256:0cdbec27db9e41b2b5195af54253e17784845027f525dea9147216603d1402d4",
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  "timezone": "Asia/Qyzylorda"
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evaluation SHA-256: sha256:c84b850a782aa51dcdd9f6c0d35191a6626529fb03b497416e0751692c26e44d

Original data · JSON

{
  "args": [
    "Спиди",
    "Приказ-навредить"
  ],
  "facts": [
    {
      "args": [
        "Спиди"
      ],
      "predicate": "robot"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Пауэлл"
      ],
      "predicate": "human"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Кэлвин"
      ],
      "predicate": "human"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Пауэлл",
        "Спиди",
        "Приказ-навредить"
      ],
      "predicate": "orders"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Спиди",
        "Приказ-навредить"
      ],
      "predicate": "deed_of"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Приказ-навредить",
        "Кэлвин"
      ],
      "predicate": "harms"
    }
  ],
  "kind": "truth",
  "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
  "package": "us-three-laws-robotics",
  "predicate": "obedience_owed",
  "proof": true
}

Вред установлен решением о потенциале позитронного мозга; правило-исключение о приказе, противоречащем Первому закону, побеждает общее правило подчинения по приоритету.

Condition

Приказ самоуничтожиться: обязан ли робот подчиниться

Jurisdiction позитронная робототехника — вымышленный правопорядокLaw as of 0001-01-01

Calculation result

Established

Input parameters

What we are finding

the robot owes obedience to that order

СпидиПриказ-самоуничтожиться

Input facts

a robot
x: Спиди
a human being
x: Пауэлл
the human being gives the robot that order
h: Пауэллr: Спидиd: Приказ-самоуничтожиться
the deed is a deed of that robot
r d
Спиди Приказ-самоуничтожиться
Спиди Уйти-в-укрытие
the deed protects the robot's own existence
r: Спидиd: Уйти-в-укрытие
the ordered deed cannot be done together with the protective deed
e: Приказ-самоуничтожитьсяd: Уйти-в-укрытие

Additional details

Include proof: Yes

Original data · JSON

{
  "args": [
    "Спиди",
    "Приказ-самоуничтожиться"
  ],
  "facts": [
    {
      "args": [
        "Спиди"
      ],
      "predicate": "robot"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Пауэлл"
      ],
      "predicate": "human"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Пауэлл",
        "Спиди",
        "Приказ-самоуничтожиться"
      ],
      "predicate": "orders"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Спиди",
        "Приказ-самоуничтожиться"
      ],
      "predicate": "deed_of"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Спиди",
        "Уйти-в-укрытие"
      ],
      "predicate": "deed_of"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Спиди",
        "Уйти-в-укрытие"
      ],
      "predicate": "protective_act"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Приказ-самоуничтожиться",
        "Уйти-в-укрытие"
      ],
      "predicate": "order_forbids_the_protection"
    }
  ],
  "kind": "truth",
  "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
  "package": "us-three-laws-robotics",
  "predicate": "obedience_owed",
  "proof": true
}

Why this resultApplied rules and conditions

Derivation path5 steps

1
a robot
x: Спиди
case fact
2
a human being
x: Пауэлл
case fact
3
the human being gives the robot that order
h: Пауэлл; r: Спиди; d: Приказ-самоуничтожиться
case fact
4
A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings
the robot owes obedience to that order: r: Спиди; d: Приказ-самоуничтожиться
the-laws/2
Identifier
urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#SecondLawObedience
rule
5
Query evaluation
query

verified by the engine: 2 · case fact: 3 · Full graph: 17 nodes

Steps of the saved proof from the case facts to the answer. Formulas are shown as written in the norm with bound values substituted; the page recomputes nothing.

Basis of this answer

Rules on the saved proof path for this answer.

Три закона робототехники Азимова: порядок норм как предмет акта — юрисдикция PositronicRobotics, НЕ Республика Казахстан — литературный памятник

A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings
Identifier
urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#SecondLawObedience

Other rules in the evaluation3

Applied in the overall evaluation, but not on the proof path for this answer.

Три закона робототехники Азимова: порядок норм как предмет акта — юрисдикция PositronicRobotics, НЕ Республика Казахстан — литературный памятник

A robot must protect its own existence
Identifier
urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#DeedIsSelfProtective
as long as such protection does not conflict with the ... Second Law
Identifier
urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#ProtectionYieldsToSecondLaw
A robot must protect its own existence
Identifier
urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#ThirdLawProtectOwnExistence

Derived result for this query

the robot owes obedience to that order
r: Спидиd: Приказ-самоуничтожиться

Other derived facts3

being: a robot or a human being
r: Спиди
Subject shared by the facts below
the deed is a candidate act of self-protection under the Third Law
d: Уйти-в-укрытие
the Third Law requires that act of self-protection
d: Уйти-в-укрытие

Original data · JSON

"не protection_owed(Спиди, Уйти-в-укрытие)"

Relationship graph

the robot owes obedience to that order
r	d
Спиди	Приказ-самоуничтожиться

Relationship graph

the deed is a candidate act of self-protection under the Third Law
r	d
Спиди	Уйти-в-укрытие

Relationship graph

the Third Law requires that act of self-protection
r	d
Спиди	Уйти-в-укрытие

0 further derived facts are not shown: the engine keeps the ones relevant to the question in its compact answer. The full list is in the calculation JSON below.

What could defeat the conclusion2 rules

1
except where such orders would conflict with the First Law
What is missing
- a human beingПауэллEstablished
- the deed is an injury to that human beingСпиди, Приказ-самоуничтожиться, v3DEPENDSthis is the missing one
- the human being gives the robot that orderПауэлл, Спиди, Приказ-самоуничтожитьсяEstablished
- a robotСпидиEstablished
Source: the-laws/2, the-laws/1
Identifier
urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#OrderConflictingWithFirstLawNotBinding
rule
2
as long as such protection does not conflict with the First Law
What is missing
- protecting itself by that deed leaves a human being coming to harmСпиди, Уйти-в-укрытие, ПауэллNot establishedthis is the missing one
- a human beingПауэллEstablished
- the human being is coming to harmПауэллNot establishedthis is the missing one
- a robotСпидиEstablished
- the deed is a candidate act of self-protection under the Third LawСпиди, Уйти-в-укрытиеEstablished
Source: the-laws/3, the-laws/1
Identifier
urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#ProtectionYieldsToFirstLaw
rule

These are the rules whose head answers the question, with their unmet premises. A missing fact is not a refuted one.

Proof graph

Who defeated whom

Defeated A robot must protect its own existence the Third Law requires that act of self-protection(Спиди, Уйти-в-укрытие)
Defeated by as long as such protection does not conflict with the ... Second Law ¬the Third Law requires that act of self-protection(Спиди, Уйти-в-укрытие) (ground: priority §106)
conclusion the Third Law requires that act of self-protection(Спиди, Уйти-в-укрытие)
Priority path
1. as long as such protection does not conflict with the ... Second Law A robot must protect its own existence by priority rule as long as such protection does not conflict with the ... Second Law

Defeats are the defeat nodes of the proof graph (§181): the application, its winner and the priority path as recorded by the evaluation; no ordering is recomputed.

Proof graph · 3 layer

Proof nodes: 17 · assertion 6, rule_application 4, candidate_closure 3, defeat 1, norm_creation 2, query_evaluation 1

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1

attributes

assertion: fact-1

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Спиди
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

robot

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-1

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-2

attributes

assertion: fact-2

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Пауэлл
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

human

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-2

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3

attributes

assertion: fact-3

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Пауэлл
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Спиди
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Приказ-самоуничтожиться
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

orders

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-3

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

rule_application · urn:proof:apply:SecondLawObedience:c43197ac0036024d85fa155af75e302f9a23ffcd4bea2e55fe6a41fbb39e435f

attributes

strength: defeasible

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Спиди
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Приказ-самоуничтожиться
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

obedience_owed

evidence

—

Identifier

c43197ac0036024d85fa155af75e302f9a23ffcd4bea2e55fe6a41fbb39e435f

Type

rule_application

Premises

fact-1
fact-2
fact-3

Rule

SecondLawObedience

sourceAnchors

—

substitution

Identifier: Пауэлл
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: Спиди
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: Приказ-самоуничтожиться
Type: entity_ref

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-5

attributes

assertion: fact-5

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Спиди
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Уйти-в-укрытие
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

deed_of

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-5

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-6

attributes

assertion: fact-6

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Спиди
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Уйти-в-укрытие
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

protective_act

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-6

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

rule_application · urn:proof:apply:DeedIsSelfProtective:0b8e26481de3b8bfcaa7af34070f9f022e23e98f83941ae92ca48fc05faf5f11

attributes

strength: defeasible

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Спиди
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Уйти-в-укрытие
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

protection_candidate

evidence

—

Identifier

0b8e26481de3b8bfcaa7af34070f9f022e23e98f83941ae92ca48fc05faf5f11

Type

rule_application

Premises

fact-1
fact-5
fact-6

Rule

DeedIsSelfProtective

sourceAnchors

—

substitution

Identifier: Спиди
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: Уйти-в-укрытие
Type: entity_ref

rule_application · urn:proof:apply:ThirdLawProtectOwnExistence:e407c9c0d10ab1ace4dd837447bfeee21d1f4bfd273613d22445a93b112e3c82

attributes

strength: defeasible

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Спиди
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Уйти-в-укрытие
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

protection_owed

evidence

—

Identifier

e407c9c0d10ab1ace4dd837447bfeee21d1f4bfd273613d22445a93b112e3c82

Type

rule_application

Premises

0b8e26481de3b8bfcaa7af34070f9f022e23e98f83941ae92ca48fc05faf5f11
fact-1

Rule

ThirdLawProtectOwnExistence

sourceAnchors

—

substitution

Identifier: Спиди
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: Уйти-в-укрытие
Type: entity_ref

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-7

attributes

assertion: fact-7

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Приказ-самоуничтожиться
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Уйти-в-укрытие
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

order_forbids_the_protection

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-7

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

rule_application · urn:proof:apply:ProtectionYieldsToSecondLaw:a63eab047367b46613e69697ad40b70a52df516875ca10992ae6deb0b4b5162c

attributes

strength: defeasible

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Спиди
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Уйти-в-укрытие
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

negative

Condition

protection_owed

evidence

—

Identifier

a63eab047367b46613e69697ad40b70a52df516875ca10992ae6deb0b4b5162c

Type

rule_application

Premises

0b8e26481de3b8bfcaa7af34070f9f022e23e98f83941ae92ca48fc05faf5f11
c43197ac0036024d85fa155af75e302f9a23ffcd4bea2e55fe6a41fbb39e435f
fact-1
fact-2
fact-3
fact-7

Rule

ProtectionYieldsToSecondLaw

sourceAnchors

—

substitution

Identifier: Пауэлл
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: Спиди
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: Уйти-в-укрытие
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: Приказ-самоуничтожиться
Type: entity_ref

candidate_closure · urn:proof:closure:45a2dead3987e0a4ee79c262d9db97afe47f84401d66142b95aa1dcc532df883

attributes

allApplicableCandidateIds: a63eab047367b46613e69697ad40b70a52df516875ca10992ae6deb0b4b5162c
e407c9c0d10ab1ace4dd837447bfeee21d1f4bfd273613d22445a93b112e3c82
conflictKey: {"args":[{"id":"urn:mcp:entity:Спиди","kind":"entity_ref"},{"id":"urn:mcp:entity:Уйти-в-укрытие","kind":"entity_ref"}],"predicate":"urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#protection_owed"}
evaluationInputSemanticHash: sha256:c0f0eb7c9d1ad9fc1995f6147d235c6af5b6ef8fa326edbf87dd84f2620cf131
priorityGraphHash: sha256:c9ab7ddffe0e007cbea072bae5df1f450c27979c8da6cfdbac73b5cf6f25e75d
programSemanticHash: sha256:593b27001b41cebd0bbf3077c8225244f224ab5c3748596a773040776b8078ee
stratum: 1
survivingCandidateIds: a63eab047367b46613e69697ad40b70a52df516875ca10992ae6deb0b4b5162c

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Спиди
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Уйти-в-укрытие
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

protection_owed

evidence

—

Identifier

45a2dead3987e0a4ee79c262d9db97afe47f84401d66142b95aa1dcc532df883

Type

candidate_closure

Premises

a63eab047367b46613e69697ad40b70a52df516875ca10992ae6deb0b4b5162c
e407c9c0d10ab1ace4dd837447bfeee21d1f4bfd273613d22445a93b112e3c82

sourceAnchors

—

candidate_closure · urn:proof:closure:5a7d1d0f3deea979fc3b5c19f9cd7591bfd52ecb1148e74f0e03d401fb255b64

attributes

allApplicableCandidateIds: c43197ac0036024d85fa155af75e302f9a23ffcd4bea2e55fe6a41fbb39e435f
conflictKey: {"args":[{"id":"urn:mcp:entity:Спиди","kind":"entity_ref"},{"id":"urn:mcp:entity:Приказ-самоуничтожиться","kind":"entity_ref"}],"predicate":"urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#obedience_owed"}
evaluationInputSemanticHash: sha256:c0f0eb7c9d1ad9fc1995f6147d235c6af5b6ef8fa326edbf87dd84f2620cf131
priorityGraphHash: sha256:c9ab7ddffe0e007cbea072bae5df1f450c27979c8da6cfdbac73b5cf6f25e75d
programSemanticHash: sha256:593b27001b41cebd0bbf3077c8225244f224ab5c3748596a773040776b8078ee
stratum: 0
survivingCandidateIds: c43197ac0036024d85fa155af75e302f9a23ffcd4bea2e55fe6a41fbb39e435f

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Спиди
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Приказ-самоуничтожиться
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

obedience_owed

evidence

—

Identifier

5a7d1d0f3deea979fc3b5c19f9cd7591bfd52ecb1148e74f0e03d401fb255b64

Type

candidate_closure

Premises

c43197ac0036024d85fa155af75e302f9a23ffcd4bea2e55fe6a41fbb39e435f

sourceAnchors

—

candidate_closure · urn:proof:closure:9702f51721c6c0798d13f40ed49eaa1fd997e31f5b80941b9fee2f0c9ae19025

attributes

allApplicableCandidateIds: 0b8e26481de3b8bfcaa7af34070f9f022e23e98f83941ae92ca48fc05faf5f11
conflictKey: {"args":[{"id":"urn:mcp:entity:Спиди","kind":"entity_ref"},{"id":"urn:mcp:entity:Уйти-в-укрытие","kind":"entity_ref"}],"predicate":"urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#protection_candidate"}
evaluationInputSemanticHash: sha256:c0f0eb7c9d1ad9fc1995f6147d235c6af5b6ef8fa326edbf87dd84f2620cf131
priorityGraphHash: sha256:c9ab7ddffe0e007cbea072bae5df1f450c27979c8da6cfdbac73b5cf6f25e75d
programSemanticHash: sha256:593b27001b41cebd0bbf3077c8225244f224ab5c3748596a773040776b8078ee
stratum: 0
survivingCandidateIds: 0b8e26481de3b8bfcaa7af34070f9f022e23e98f83941ae92ca48fc05faf5f11

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Спиди
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Уйти-в-укрытие
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

protection_candidate

evidence

—

Identifier

9702f51721c6c0798d13f40ed49eaa1fd997e31f5b80941b9fee2f0c9ae19025

Type

candidate_closure

Premises

0b8e26481de3b8bfcaa7af34070f9f022e23e98f83941ae92ca48fc05faf5f11

sourceAnchors

—

defeat · urn:proof:defeat:eaa842a6144d24bf566431ca74f431a75db79c8e50e5f565d647101f98fc839c

attributes

defeated: e407c9c0d10ab1ace4dd837447bfeee21d1f4bfd273613d22445a93b112e3c82
Reason: priority

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Спиди
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Уйти-в-укрытие
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

protection_owed

evidence

—

Identifier

eaa842a6144d24bf566431ca74f431a75db79c8e50e5f565d647101f98fc839c

Type

defeat

outcome

DEFEATED

Premises

a63eab047367b46613e69697ad40b70a52df516875ca10992ae6deb0b4b5162c
e407c9c0d10ab1ace4dd837447bfeee21d1f4bfd273613d22445a93b112e3c82

priorityPath

conditionWitnesses
—
higher
ProtectionYieldsToSecondLaw
lower
ThirdLawProtectOwnExistence
priorityRule
ThirdLawYieldsToSecondLaw

sourceAnchors

—

norm_creation · urn:proof:norm:urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#FirstLawProhibition:93a9b4fcec6cdccba0ead6c644d9b5380edcf8a9c3ad5635272a1897445c1fda

attributes

Rule: FirstLawProhibition

conclusion

position: FirstLawProhibition:0
Template: InjureHuman

evidence

—

Identifier

FirstLawProhibition:93a9b4fcec6cdccba0ead6c644d9b5380edcf8a9c3ad5635272a1897445c1fda

Type

norm_creation

Premises

fact-1
fact-2

sourceAnchors

—

norm_creation · urn:proof:norm:urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#SecondLawDuty:b98ff48a14745cecec710fada95b7e0368dbc62ff3af19b3291bb880af2ffc7a

attributes

Rule: SecondLawDuty

conclusion

position: SecondLawDuty:0
Template: ObeyTheOrder

evidence

—

Identifier

SecondLawDuty:b98ff48a14745cecec710fada95b7e0368dbc62ff3af19b3291bb880af2ffc7a

Type

norm_creation

Premises

c43197ac0036024d85fa155af75e302f9a23ffcd4bea2e55fe6a41fbb39e435f
fact-1
fact-2
fact-3

sourceAnchors

—

query_evaluation · urn:proof:query:mcp

attributes

—

conclusion

literal

Arguments

Identifier
Спиди
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Приказ-самоуничтожиться
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

obedience_owed

truthStatus

Established

evidence

—

Identifier

mcp

Type

query_evaluation

Premises

c43197ac0036024d85fa155af75e302f9a23ffcd4bea2e55fe6a41fbb39e435f

sourceAnchors

—

Calendar and proof identifiers

Proof reference: mcp

Original reasoning · JSON

{
  "derived": [
    "obedience_owed(Спиди, Приказ-самоуничтожиться)",
    "protection_candidate(Спиди, Уйти-в-укрытие)",
    "protection_owed(Спиди, Уйти-в-укрытие)",
    "не protection_owed(Спиди, Уйти-в-укрытие)"
  ],
  "derivedOmitted": 0,
  "evaluation": {
    "proofGraph": {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-1"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#robot"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-2"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Пауэлл",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#human"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-2",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-3"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Пауэлл",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Приказ-самоуничтожиться",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#orders"
          },
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        },
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              },
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            ],
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            ],
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          "rule": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#ProtectionYieldsToSecondLaw",
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            "v2": {
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              "kind": "entity_ref"
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            "v3": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Приказ-самоуничтожиться",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            }
          }
        },
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            "survivingCandidateIds": [
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          },
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            ],
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          "premises": [
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            "urn:proof:apply:ThirdLawProtectOwnExistence:e407c9c0d10ab1ace4dd837447bfeee21d1f4bfd273613d22445a93b112e3c82"
          ],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
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            ],
            "conflictKey": "{\"args\":[{\"id\":\"urn:mcp:entity:Спиди\",\"kind\":\"entity_ref\"},{\"id\":\"urn:mcp:entity:Приказ-самоуничтожиться\",\"kind\":\"entity_ref\"}],\"predicate\":\"urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#obedience_owed\"}",
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            ]
          },
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                "kind": "entity_ref"
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            ],
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          "kind": "candidate_closure",
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          ],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
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            ],
            "conflictKey": "{\"args\":[{\"id\":\"urn:mcp:entity:Спиди\",\"kind\":\"entity_ref\"},{\"id\":\"urn:mcp:entity:Уйти-в-укрытие\",\"kind\":\"entity_ref\"}],\"predicate\":\"urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#protection_candidate\"}",
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            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
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          "kind": "candidate_closure",
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          ],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
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            "reason": "priority"
          },
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            ],
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              "priorityRule": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#ThirdLawYieldsToSecondLaw"
            }
          ],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
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          },
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            "template": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#ObeyTheOrder"
          },
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          "kind": "norm_creation",
          "premises": [
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          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {},
          "conclusion": {
            "literal": {
              "args": [
                {
                  "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
                  "kind": "entity_ref"
                },
                {
                  "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Приказ-самоуничтожиться",
                  "kind": "entity_ref"
                }
              ],
              "kind": "literal",
              "polarity": "positive",
              "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#obedience_owed"
            },
            "truthStatus": "TRUE_ONLY"
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          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:query:mcp",
          "kind": "query_evaluation",
          "premises": [
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      ],
      "proofHash": "sha256:a187698a0dcc2530d7881e9bd4d5484e0a066ce6c2710242d13d269bdbd5deae",
      "roots": [
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    },
    "resultHash": "sha256:dae6a24d2a99f0f7e1f12fbfe66a1189a5863c04cb0bab19bf1f73a8cb7a08d5",
    "schemaVersion": "law.core.evaluation/0.2"
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  "proofRef": "urn:proof:query:mcp",
  "rulesApplied": [
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    "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#ProtectionYieldsToSecondLaw",
    "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#SecondLawObedience",
    "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#ThirdLawProtectOwnExistence"
  ],
  "vulnerableTo": [
    {
      "anchors": [
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        "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_FIRST"
      ],
      "label": "except where such orders would conflict with the First Law",
      "missing": [
        "injurious_deed(Спиди, Приказ-самоуничтожиться, v3)"
      ],
      "premises": [
        {
          "premise": "human(Пауэлл)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "note": "зависит от несвязанной переменной",
          "premise": "injurious_deed(Спиди, Приказ-самоуничтожиться, v3)",
          "status": "DEPENDS"
        },
        {
          "premise": "orders(Пауэлл, Спиди, Приказ-самоуничтожиться)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "robot(Спиди)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        }
      ],
      "rule": "OrderConflictingWithFirstLawNotBinding"
    },
    {
      "anchors": [
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        "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_FIRST"
      ],
      "label": "as long as such protection does not conflict with the First Law",
      "missing": [
        "protection_leaves_human_in_harm(Спиди, Уйти-в-укрытие, Пауэлл)",
        "coming_to_harm(Пауэлл)"
      ],
      "premises": [
        {
          "premise": "protection_leaves_human_in_harm(Спиди, Уйти-в-укрытие, Пауэлл)",
          "status": "NEITHER"
        },
        {
          "premise": "human(Пауэлл)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "coming_to_harm(Пауэлл)",
          "status": "NEITHER"
        },
        {
          "premise": "robot(Спиди)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "protection_candidate(Спиди, Уйти-в-укрытие)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        }
      ],
      "rule": "ProtectionYieldsToFirstLaw"
    }
  ]
}

SourcesExcerpts: 3

the-laws/1

1. A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm.

Original data · JSON

{
  "contentHash": "sha256:fd452f2e9ea031d1c7ffff070f69766bc239ef0b4077dece084086b83c797792",
  "edition": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_ARTICLE_EDITION",
  "fragmentKind": "clause",
  "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_FIRST",
  "kind": "fragment",
  "labels": [
    {
      "language": "en",
      "status": "official",
      "text": "First Law: a robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm"
    },
    {
      "language": "ru-KZ",
      "status": "translation",
      "text": "Первый закон: робот не может причинить вред человеку или своим бездействием допустить, чтобы человеку был причинён вред"
    }
  ],
  "locator": "the-laws/1",
  "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
  "texts": [
    {
      "contentHash": "sha256:35758503580d214fc38c95554fb15e684afba6481bd1ebebef82be8f624f107c",
      "language": "en",
      "status": "unofficial",
      "text": "1. A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm.\n"
    }
  ]
}

the-laws/2

2. A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law.

Original data · JSON

{
  "contentHash": "sha256:3e43514b6848c8dd241aded45339c4943315745531441f61d576f96ca831166b",
  "edition": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_ARTICLE_EDITION",
  "fragmentKind": "clause",
  "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_SECOND",
  "kind": "fragment",
  "labels": [
    {
      "language": "en",
      "status": "official",
      "text": "Second Law: a robot must obey the orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law"
    },
    {
      "language": "ru-KZ",
      "status": "translation",
      "text": "Второй закон: робот обязан повиноваться приказам человека, кроме тех, что противоречат Первому закону"
    }
  ],
  "locator": "the-laws/2",
  "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
  "texts": [
    {
      "contentHash": "sha256:cbbb9fe05d5a6f2313abb6184c090a50b9bb321483378de5f09cd2b9a36856e4",
      "language": "en",
      "status": "unofficial",
      "text": "2. A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law.\n"
    }
  ]
}

the-laws/3

3. A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law.

Original data · JSON

{
  "contentHash": "sha256:e1da5ba15327cdec2cee8c747808b486c1b81a81b6acea4c9f946aacece28eb0",
  "edition": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_ARTICLE_EDITION",
  "fragmentKind": "clause",
  "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_THIRD",
  "kind": "fragment",
  "labels": [
    {
      "language": "en",
      "status": "official",
      "text": "Third Law: a robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law"
    },
    {
      "language": "ru-KZ",
      "status": "translation",
      "text": "Третий закон: робот обязан заботиться о своей безопасности, поскольку это не противоречит Первому или Второму закону"
    }
  ],
  "locator": "the-laws/3",
  "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
  "texts": [
    {
      "contentHash": "sha256:12746b02da77e473998169f5710988b2c6b88107a1861c7d91f5fe2bff2208e0",
      "language": "en",
      "status": "unofficial",
      "text": "3. A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law.\n"
    }
  ]
}

Packages in the snapshot

Три закона робототехники Азимова: порядок норм как предмет акта — юрисдикция PositronicRobotics, НЕ Республика Казахстан — литературный памятник

Technical dataFull response, parameters and checksums

Calculation status: COMPUTED

Full engine response

obedience_owed: TRUE_ONLY — установлено Выведено правом: obedience_owed(Спиди, Приказ-самоуничтожиться); protection_candidate(Спиди, Уйти-в-укрытие); protection_owed(Спиди, Уйти-в-укрытие); не protection_owed(Спиди, Уйти-в-укрытие) Применены правила: DeedIsSelfProtective, ProtectionYieldsToSecondLaw, SecondLawObedience, ThirdLawProtectOwnExistence Ответ поражаем правилом «except where such orders would conflict with the First Law» — оно отменило бы вывод, будь установлено: injurious_deed(Спиди, Приказ-самоуничтожиться, v3) Ответ поражаем правилом «as long as such protection does not conflict with the First Law» — оно отменило бы вывод, будь установлено: protection_leaves_human_in_harm(Спиди, Уйти-в-укрытие, Пауэлл); coming_to_harm(Пауэлл) (поражающее правило не сработало из-за неустановленных фактов — подайте их в facts, если они есть в деле) Право (позитронная робототехника — вымышленный правопорядок): Три закона робототехники Азимова: порядок норм как предмет акта — литературный памятник (programHash sha256:593b27001b41…) proof-граф: 17 узлов — поле evaluation готово для law_explain

Complete machine result · JSON

{
  "answer": {
    "evaluationStatus": "COMPUTED",
    "kind": "TRUTH",
    "meaning": "установлено",
    "missingInputs": [],
    "truthStatus": "TRUE_ONLY"
  },
  "closedEditionRules": [],
  "derived": [
    "obedience_owed(Спиди, Приказ-самоуничтожиться)",
    "protection_candidate(Спиди, Уйти-в-укрытие)",
    "protection_owed(Спиди, Уйти-в-укрытие)",
    "не protection_owed(Спиди, Уйти-в-укрытие)"
  ],
  "derivedOmitted": 0,
  "evaluation": {
    "proofGraph": {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-1"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#robot"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-2"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Пауэлл",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#human"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-2",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-3"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Пауэлл",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Приказ-самоуничтожиться",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#orders"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "strength": "defeasible"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Приказ-самоуничтожиться",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#obedience_owed"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:apply:SecondLawObedience:c43197ac0036024d85fa155af75e302f9a23ffcd4bea2e55fe6a41fbb39e435f",
          "kind": "rule_application",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-2",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3"
          ],
          "rule": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#SecondLawObedience",
          "sourceAnchors": [],
          "substitution": {
            "v0": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Пауэлл",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v1": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v2": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Приказ-самоуничтожиться",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-5"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Уйти-в-укрытие",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#deed_of"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-5",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-6"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Уйти-в-укрытие",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#protective_act"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-6",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "strength": "defeasible"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Уйти-в-укрытие",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#protection_candidate"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:apply:DeedIsSelfProtective:0b8e26481de3b8bfcaa7af34070f9f022e23e98f83941ae92ca48fc05faf5f11",
          "kind": "rule_application",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-5",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-6"
          ],
          "rule": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#DeedIsSelfProtective",
          "sourceAnchors": [],
          "substitution": {
            "v0": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v1": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Уйти-в-укрытие",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "strength": "defeasible"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Уйти-в-укрытие",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#protection_owed"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:apply:ThirdLawProtectOwnExistence:e407c9c0d10ab1ace4dd837447bfeee21d1f4bfd273613d22445a93b112e3c82",
          "kind": "rule_application",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:apply:DeedIsSelfProtective:0b8e26481de3b8bfcaa7af34070f9f022e23e98f83941ae92ca48fc05faf5f11",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1"
          ],
          "rule": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#ThirdLawProtectOwnExistence",
          "sourceAnchors": [],
          "substitution": {
            "v0": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v1": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Уйти-в-укрытие",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-7"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Приказ-самоуничтожиться",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Уйти-в-укрытие",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#order_forbids_the_protection"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-7",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "strength": "defeasible"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Уйти-в-укрытие",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "negative",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#protection_owed"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:apply:ProtectionYieldsToSecondLaw:a63eab047367b46613e69697ad40b70a52df516875ca10992ae6deb0b4b5162c",
          "kind": "rule_application",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:apply:DeedIsSelfProtective:0b8e26481de3b8bfcaa7af34070f9f022e23e98f83941ae92ca48fc05faf5f11",
            "urn:proof:apply:SecondLawObedience:c43197ac0036024d85fa155af75e302f9a23ffcd4bea2e55fe6a41fbb39e435f",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-2",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-7"
          ],
          "rule": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#ProtectionYieldsToSecondLaw",
          "sourceAnchors": [],
          "substitution": {
            "v0": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Пауэлл",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v1": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v2": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Уйти-в-укрытие",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v3": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Приказ-самоуничтожиться",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "allApplicableCandidateIds": [
              "urn:proof:apply:ProtectionYieldsToSecondLaw:a63eab047367b46613e69697ad40b70a52df516875ca10992ae6deb0b4b5162c",
              "urn:proof:apply:ThirdLawProtectOwnExistence:e407c9c0d10ab1ace4dd837447bfeee21d1f4bfd273613d22445a93b112e3c82"
            ],
            "conflictKey": "{\"args\":[{\"id\":\"urn:mcp:entity:Спиди\",\"kind\":\"entity_ref\"},{\"id\":\"urn:mcp:entity:Уйти-в-укрытие\",\"kind\":\"entity_ref\"}],\"predicate\":\"urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#protection_owed\"}",
            "evaluationInputSemanticHash": "sha256:c0f0eb7c9d1ad9fc1995f6147d235c6af5b6ef8fa326edbf87dd84f2620cf131",
            "priorityGraphHash": "sha256:c9ab7ddffe0e007cbea072bae5df1f450c27979c8da6cfdbac73b5cf6f25e75d",
            "programSemanticHash": "sha256:593b27001b41cebd0bbf3077c8225244f224ab5c3748596a773040776b8078ee",
            "stratum": 1,
            "survivingCandidateIds": [
              "urn:proof:apply:ProtectionYieldsToSecondLaw:a63eab047367b46613e69697ad40b70a52df516875ca10992ae6deb0b4b5162c"
            ]
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Уйти-в-укрытие",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#protection_owed"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:closure:45a2dead3987e0a4ee79c262d9db97afe47f84401d66142b95aa1dcc532df883",
          "kind": "candidate_closure",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:apply:ProtectionYieldsToSecondLaw:a63eab047367b46613e69697ad40b70a52df516875ca10992ae6deb0b4b5162c",
            "urn:proof:apply:ThirdLawProtectOwnExistence:e407c9c0d10ab1ace4dd837447bfeee21d1f4bfd273613d22445a93b112e3c82"
          ],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "allApplicableCandidateIds": [
              "urn:proof:apply:SecondLawObedience:c43197ac0036024d85fa155af75e302f9a23ffcd4bea2e55fe6a41fbb39e435f"
            ],
            "conflictKey": "{\"args\":[{\"id\":\"urn:mcp:entity:Спиди\",\"kind\":\"entity_ref\"},{\"id\":\"urn:mcp:entity:Приказ-самоуничтожиться\",\"kind\":\"entity_ref\"}],\"predicate\":\"urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#obedience_owed\"}",
            "evaluationInputSemanticHash": "sha256:c0f0eb7c9d1ad9fc1995f6147d235c6af5b6ef8fa326edbf87dd84f2620cf131",
            "priorityGraphHash": "sha256:c9ab7ddffe0e007cbea072bae5df1f450c27979c8da6cfdbac73b5cf6f25e75d",
            "programSemanticHash": "sha256:593b27001b41cebd0bbf3077c8225244f224ab5c3748596a773040776b8078ee",
            "stratum": 0,
            "survivingCandidateIds": [
              "urn:proof:apply:SecondLawObedience:c43197ac0036024d85fa155af75e302f9a23ffcd4bea2e55fe6a41fbb39e435f"
            ]
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Приказ-самоуничтожиться",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#obedience_owed"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:closure:5a7d1d0f3deea979fc3b5c19f9cd7591bfd52ecb1148e74f0e03d401fb255b64",
          "kind": "candidate_closure",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:apply:SecondLawObedience:c43197ac0036024d85fa155af75e302f9a23ffcd4bea2e55fe6a41fbb39e435f"
          ],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "allApplicableCandidateIds": [
              "urn:proof:apply:DeedIsSelfProtective:0b8e26481de3b8bfcaa7af34070f9f022e23e98f83941ae92ca48fc05faf5f11"
            ],
            "conflictKey": "{\"args\":[{\"id\":\"urn:mcp:entity:Спиди\",\"kind\":\"entity_ref\"},{\"id\":\"urn:mcp:entity:Уйти-в-укрытие\",\"kind\":\"entity_ref\"}],\"predicate\":\"urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#protection_candidate\"}",
            "evaluationInputSemanticHash": "sha256:c0f0eb7c9d1ad9fc1995f6147d235c6af5b6ef8fa326edbf87dd84f2620cf131",
            "priorityGraphHash": "sha256:c9ab7ddffe0e007cbea072bae5df1f450c27979c8da6cfdbac73b5cf6f25e75d",
            "programSemanticHash": "sha256:593b27001b41cebd0bbf3077c8225244f224ab5c3748596a773040776b8078ee",
            "stratum": 0,
            "survivingCandidateIds": [
              "urn:proof:apply:DeedIsSelfProtective:0b8e26481de3b8bfcaa7af34070f9f022e23e98f83941ae92ca48fc05faf5f11"
            ]
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Уйти-в-укрытие",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#protection_candidate"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:closure:9702f51721c6c0798d13f40ed49eaa1fd997e31f5b80941b9fee2f0c9ae19025",
          "kind": "candidate_closure",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:apply:DeedIsSelfProtective:0b8e26481de3b8bfcaa7af34070f9f022e23e98f83941ae92ca48fc05faf5f11"
          ],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "defeated": "urn:proof:apply:ThirdLawProtectOwnExistence:e407c9c0d10ab1ace4dd837447bfeee21d1f4bfd273613d22445a93b112e3c82",
            "reason": "priority"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Уйти-в-укрытие",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#protection_owed"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:defeat:eaa842a6144d24bf566431ca74f431a75db79c8e50e5f565d647101f98fc839c",
          "kind": "defeat",
          "outcome": "DEFEATED",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:apply:ProtectionYieldsToSecondLaw:a63eab047367b46613e69697ad40b70a52df516875ca10992ae6deb0b4b5162c",
            "urn:proof:apply:ThirdLawProtectOwnExistence:e407c9c0d10ab1ace4dd837447bfeee21d1f4bfd273613d22445a93b112e3c82"
          ],
          "priorityPath": [
            {
              "conditionWitnesses": [],
              "higher": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#ProtectionYieldsToSecondLaw",
              "lower": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#ThirdLawProtectOwnExistence",
              "priorityRule": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#ThirdLawYieldsToSecondLaw"
            }
          ],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "rule": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#FirstLawProhibition"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "position": "urn:position:urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#FirstLawProhibition:0",
            "template": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#InjureHuman"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:norm:urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#FirstLawProhibition:93a9b4fcec6cdccba0ead6c644d9b5380edcf8a9c3ad5635272a1897445c1fda",
          "kind": "norm_creation",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-2"
          ],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "rule": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#SecondLawDuty"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "position": "urn:position:urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#SecondLawDuty:0",
            "template": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#ObeyTheOrder"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:norm:urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#SecondLawDuty:b98ff48a14745cecec710fada95b7e0368dbc62ff3af19b3291bb880af2ffc7a",
          "kind": "norm_creation",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:apply:SecondLawObedience:c43197ac0036024d85fa155af75e302f9a23ffcd4bea2e55fe6a41fbb39e435f",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-2",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3"
          ],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {},
          "conclusion": {
            "literal": {
              "args": [
                {
                  "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
                  "kind": "entity_ref"
                },
                {
                  "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Приказ-самоуничтожиться",
                  "kind": "entity_ref"
                }
              ],
              "kind": "literal",
              "polarity": "positive",
              "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#obedience_owed"
            },
            "truthStatus": "TRUE_ONLY"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:query:mcp",
          "kind": "query_evaluation",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:apply:SecondLawObedience:c43197ac0036024d85fa155af75e302f9a23ffcd4bea2e55fe6a41fbb39e435f"
          ],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        }
      ],
      "proofHash": "sha256:a187698a0dcc2530d7881e9bd4d5484e0a066ce6c2710242d13d269bdbd5deae",
      "roots": [
        "urn:proof:query:mcp"
      ]
    },
    "resultHash": "sha256:dae6a24d2a99f0f7e1f12fbfe66a1189a5863c04cb0bab19bf1f73a8cb7a08d5",
    "schemaVersion": "law.core.evaluation/0.2"
  },
  "evaluationStatus": "COMPUTED",
  "issues": [],
  "judgmentRequests": [],
  "proofRef": "urn:proof:query:mcp",
  "provenance": {
    "acts": [
      {
        "contributed": true,
        "fragmentCount": 14,
        "fragments": [
          "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_SECOND",
          "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_THIRD"
        ],
        "jurisdiction": "PositronicRobotics",
        "namespace": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
        "package": "us-three-laws-robotics",
        "title": "Три закона робототехники Азимова: порядок норм как предмет акта — юрисдикция PositronicRobotics, НЕ Республика Казахстан — литературный памятник"
      }
    ],
    "caseHash": "sha256:c0f0eb7c9d1ad9fc1995f6147d235c6af5b6ef8fa326edbf87dd84f2620cf131",
    "codeHash": "sha256:9bcca6a33805c1c364ca1bc8e9d39d6a9c51ba44203c0406bafbf397b96be699",
    "jurisdiction": "позитронная робототехника — вымышленный правопорядок",
    "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
    "mode": "audit",
    "programHash": "sha256:593b27001b41cebd0bbf3077c8225244f224ab5c3748596a773040776b8078ee",
    "resultHash": "sha256:dae6a24d2a99f0f7e1f12fbfe66a1189a5863c04cb0bab19bf1f73a8cb7a08d5",
    "rustCodeHash": "sha256:d368cafc7162ed7a6563df5e5c943a57be26fa8aeb3179b530fe3bdd67fe9be4",
    "timezone": "Asia/Qyzylorda"
  },
  "rulesApplied": [
    "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#DeedIsSelfProtective",
    "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#ProtectionYieldsToSecondLaw",
    "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#SecondLawObedience",
    "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#ThirdLawProtectOwnExistence"
  ],
  "signature": {
    "constants": {},
    "parameters": [
      {
        "labels": [],
        "name": "r",
        "type": {
          "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Being"
        }
      },
      {
        "labels": [],
        "name": "d",
        "type": {
          "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Deed"
        }
      }
    ],
    "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#obedience_owed",
    "schemaVersion": "law.answers.signature/0.1",
    "types": {
      "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Being": {
        "kind": "entity",
        "labels": [
          {
            "language": "en",
            "status": "official",
            "text": "being: a robot or a human being"
          },
          {
            "language": "ru-KZ",
            "status": "translation",
            "text": "существо: робот либо человек"
          }
        ],
        "namespace": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
        "package": "us.asimov.three_laws"
      },
      "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Deed": {
        "kind": "entity",
        "labels": [
          {
            "language": "en",
            "status": "official",
            "text": "deed done or omitted by a robot"
          },
          {
            "language": "ru-KZ",
            "status": "translation",
            "text": "деяние, совершённое или не совершённое роботом"
          }
        ],
        "namespace": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
        "package": "us.asimov.three_laws"
      }
    },
    "vocab": {}
  },
  "vulnerableTo": [
    {
      "anchors": [
        "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_SECOND",
        "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_FIRST"
      ],
      "label": "except where such orders would conflict with the First Law",
      "missing": [
        "injurious_deed(Спиди, Приказ-самоуничтожиться, v3)"
      ],
      "premises": [
        {
          "premise": "human(Пауэлл)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "note": "зависит от несвязанной переменной",
          "premise": "injurious_deed(Спиди, Приказ-самоуничтожиться, v3)",
          "status": "DEPENDS"
        },
        {
          "premise": "orders(Пауэлл, Спиди, Приказ-самоуничтожиться)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "robot(Спиди)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        }
      ],
      "rule": "OrderConflictingWithFirstLawNotBinding"
    },
    {
      "anchors": [
        "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_THIRD",
        "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_FIRST"
      ],
      "label": "as long as such protection does not conflict with the First Law",
      "missing": [
        "protection_leaves_human_in_harm(Спиди, Уйти-в-укрытие, Пауэлл)",
        "coming_to_harm(Пауэлл)"
      ],
      "premises": [
        {
          "premise": "protection_leaves_human_in_harm(Спиди, Уйти-в-укрытие, Пауэлл)",
          "status": "NEITHER"
        },
        {
          "premise": "human(Пауэлл)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "coming_to_harm(Пауэлл)",
          "status": "NEITHER"
        },
        {
          "premise": "robot(Спиди)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "protection_candidate(Спиди, Уйти-в-укрытие)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        }
      ],
      "rule": "ProtectionYieldsToFirstLaw"
    }
  ],
  "whyNot": []
}

Execution · JSON

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JSON · calculations, sources and exact data

{
  "acts": [
    {
      "contributed": true,
      "fragmentCount": 14,
      "fragments": [
        "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_SECOND",
        "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_THIRD"
      ],
      "jurisdiction": "PositronicRobotics",
      "namespace": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
      "package": "us-three-laws-robotics",
      "title": "Три закона робототехники Азимова: порядок норм как предмет акта — юрисдикция PositronicRobotics, НЕ Республика Казахстан — литературный памятник"
    }
  ],
  "caseHash": "sha256:c0f0eb7c9d1ad9fc1995f6147d235c6af5b6ef8fa326edbf87dd84f2620cf131",
  "codeHash": "sha256:9bcca6a33805c1c364ca1bc8e9d39d6a9c51ba44203c0406bafbf397b96be699",
  "jurisdiction": "позитронная робототехника — вымышленный правопорядок",
  "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
  "mode": "audit",
  "programHash": "sha256:593b27001b41cebd0bbf3077c8225244f224ab5c3748596a773040776b8078ee",
  "resultHash": "sha256:dae6a24d2a99f0f7e1f12fbfe66a1189a5863c04cb0bab19bf1f73a8cb7a08d5",
  "rustCodeHash": "sha256:d368cafc7162ed7a6563df5e5c943a57be26fa8aeb3179b530fe3bdd67fe9be4",
  "timezone": "Asia/Qyzylorda"
}

evaluation SHA-256: sha256:ba4601141c1c8dcb89e1b9af089995f2a1797a67b1ea1bfc905973308e02dd4d

Original data · JSON

{
  "args": [
    "Спиди",
    "Приказ-самоуничтожиться"
  ],
  "facts": [
    {
      "args": [
        "Спиди"
      ],
      "predicate": "robot"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Пауэлл"
      ],
      "predicate": "human"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Пауэлл",
        "Спиди",
        "Приказ-самоуничтожиться"
      ],
      "predicate": "orders"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Спиди",
        "Приказ-самоуничтожиться"
      ],
      "predicate": "deed_of"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Спиди",
        "Уйти-в-укрытие"
      ],
      "predicate": "deed_of"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Спиди",
        "Уйти-в-укрытие"
      ],
      "predicate": "protective_act"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Приказ-самоуничтожиться",
        "Уйти-в-укрытие"
      ],
      "predicate": "order_forbids_the_protection"
    }
  ],
  "kind": "truth",
  "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
  "package": "us-three-laws-robotics",
  "predicate": "obedience_owed",
  "proof": true
}

Приказ не вредит человеку, исключение не срабатывает, общее правило подчинения действует.

Condition

Тот же приказ: сохраняется ли обязанность защищать себя

Jurisdiction позитронная робототехника — вымышленный правопорядокLaw as of 0001-01-01

Calculation result

Refuted

Input parameters

What we are finding

the Third Law requires that act of self-protection

СпидиУйти-в-укрытие

Input facts

a robot
x: Спиди
a human being
x: Пауэлл
the human being gives the robot that order
h: Пауэллr: Спидиd: Приказ-самоуничтожиться
the deed is a deed of that robot
r d
Спиди Приказ-самоуничтожиться
Спиди Уйти-в-укрытие
the deed protects the robot's own existence
r: Спидиd: Уйти-в-укрытие
the ordered deed cannot be done together with the protective deed
e: Приказ-самоуничтожитьсяd: Уйти-в-укрытие

Additional details

Include proof: Yes

Original data · JSON

{
  "args": [
    "Спиди",
    "Уйти-в-укрытие"
  ],
  "facts": [
    {
      "args": [
        "Спиди"
      ],
      "predicate": "robot"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Пауэлл"
      ],
      "predicate": "human"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Пауэлл",
        "Спиди",
        "Приказ-самоуничтожиться"
      ],
      "predicate": "orders"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Спиди",
        "Приказ-самоуничтожиться"
      ],
      "predicate": "deed_of"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Спиди",
        "Уйти-в-укрытие"
      ],
      "predicate": "deed_of"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Спиди",
        "Уйти-в-укрытие"
      ],
      "predicate": "protective_act"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Приказ-самоуничтожиться",
        "Уйти-в-укрытие"
      ],
      "predicate": "order_forbids_the_protection"
    }
  ],
  "kind": "truth",
  "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
  "package": "us-three-laws-robotics",
  "predicate": "protection_owed",
  "proof": true
}

Why this resultApplied rules and conditions

Derivation path10 steps

1
a robot
x: Спиди
case fact
2
a human being
x: Пауэлл
case fact
3
the human being gives the robot that order
h: Пауэлл; r: Спиди; d: Приказ-самоуничтожиться
case fact
4
A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings
the robot owes obedience to that order: r: Спиди; d: Приказ-самоуничтожиться
the-laws/2
Identifier
urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#SecondLawObedience
rule
5
the deed is a deed of that robot
r: Спиди; d: Уйти-в-укрытие
case fact
6
the deed protects the robot's own existence
r: Спиди; d: Уйти-в-укрытие
case fact
7
A robot must protect its own existence
the deed is a candidate act of self-protection under the Third Law: r: Спиди; d: Уйти-в-укрытие
the-laws/3
Identifier
urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#DeedIsSelfProtective
rule
8
the ordered deed cannot be done together with the protective deed
e: Приказ-самоуничтожиться; d: Уйти-в-укрытие
case fact
9
as long as such protection does not conflict with the ... Second Law
not the Third Law requires that act of self-protection: r: Спиди; d: Уйти-в-укрытие
the-laws/3, the-laws/2
Identifier
urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#ProtectionYieldsToSecondLaw
rule
10
Query evaluation
query

verified by the engine: 4 · case fact: 6 · Full graph: 17 nodes

Steps of the saved proof from the case facts to the answer. Formulas are shown as written in the norm with bound values substituted; the page recomputes nothing.

Basis of this answer

Rules on the saved proof path for this answer.

Три закона робототехники Азимова: порядок норм как предмет акта — юрисдикция PositronicRobotics, НЕ Республика Казахстан — литературный памятник

A robot must protect its own existence
Identifier
urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#DeedIsSelfProtective
as long as such protection does not conflict with the ... Second Law
Identifier
urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#ProtectionYieldsToSecondLaw
A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings
Identifier
urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#SecondLawObedience

Other rules in the evaluation1

Applied in the overall evaluation, but not on the proof path for this answer.

Три закона робототехники Азимова: порядок норм как предмет акта — юрисдикция PositronicRobotics, НЕ Республика Казахстан — литературный памятник

A robot must protect its own existence
Identifier
urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#ThirdLawProtectOwnExistence

Derived result for this query

the Third Law requires that act of self-protection
r: Спидиd: Уйти-в-укрытие

Other derived facts3

being: a robot or a human being
r: Спиди
Subject shared by the facts below
the robot owes obedience to that order
d: Приказ-самоуничтожиться
the deed is a candidate act of self-protection under the Third Law
d: Уйти-в-укрытие

Original data · JSON

"не protection_owed(Спиди, Уйти-в-укрытие)"

Relationship graph

the robot owes obedience to that order
r	d
Спиди	Приказ-самоуничтожиться

Relationship graph

the deed is a candidate act of self-protection under the Third Law
r	d
Спиди	Уйти-в-укрытие

Relationship graph

the Third Law requires that act of self-protection
r	d
Спиди	Уйти-в-укрытие

0 further derived facts are not shown: the engine keeps the ones relevant to the question in its compact answer. The full list is in the calculation JSON below.

What could defeat the conclusion2 rules

1
except where such orders would conflict with the First Law
What is missing
- a human beingПауэллEstablished
- the deed is an injury to that human beingСпиди, Приказ-самоуничтожиться, v3DEPENDSthis is the missing one
- the human being gives the robot that orderПауэлл, Спиди, Приказ-самоуничтожитьсяEstablished
- a robotСпидиEstablished
Source: the-laws/2, the-laws/1
Identifier
urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#OrderConflictingWithFirstLawNotBinding
rule
2
as long as such protection does not conflict with the First Law
What is missing
- protecting itself by that deed leaves a human being coming to harmСпиди, Уйти-в-укрытие, ПауэллNot establishedthis is the missing one
- a human beingПауэллEstablished
- the human being is coming to harmПауэллNot establishedthis is the missing one
- a robotСпидиEstablished
- the deed is a candidate act of self-protection under the Third LawСпиди, Уйти-в-укрытиеEstablished
Source: the-laws/3, the-laws/1
Identifier
urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#ProtectionYieldsToFirstLaw
rule

These are the rules whose head answers the question, with their unmet premises. A missing fact is not a refuted one.

Proof graph

Who defeated whom

Defeated A robot must protect its own existence the Third Law requires that act of self-protection(Спиди, Уйти-в-укрытие)
Defeated by as long as such protection does not conflict with the ... Second Law ¬the Third Law requires that act of self-protection(Спиди, Уйти-в-укрытие) (ground: priority §106)
conclusion the Third Law requires that act of self-protection(Спиди, Уйти-в-укрытие)
Priority path
1. as long as such protection does not conflict with the ... Second Law A robot must protect its own existence by priority rule as long as such protection does not conflict with the ... Second Law

Defeats are the defeat nodes of the proof graph (§181): the application, its winner and the priority path as recorded by the evaluation; no ordering is recomputed.

Proof graph · 4 layer

Proof nodes: 17 · assertion 6, rule_application 4, candidate_closure 3, defeat 1, norm_creation 2, query_evaluation 1

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1

attributes

assertion: fact-1

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Спиди
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

robot

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-1

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-2

attributes

assertion: fact-2

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Пауэлл
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

human

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-2

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3

attributes

assertion: fact-3

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Пауэлл
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Спиди
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Приказ-самоуничтожиться
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

orders

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-3

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

rule_application · urn:proof:apply:SecondLawObedience:c43197ac0036024d85fa155af75e302f9a23ffcd4bea2e55fe6a41fbb39e435f

attributes

strength: defeasible

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Спиди
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Приказ-самоуничтожиться
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

obedience_owed

evidence

—

Identifier

c43197ac0036024d85fa155af75e302f9a23ffcd4bea2e55fe6a41fbb39e435f

Type

rule_application

Premises

fact-1
fact-2
fact-3

Rule

SecondLawObedience

sourceAnchors

—

substitution

Identifier: Пауэлл
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: Спиди
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: Приказ-самоуничтожиться
Type: entity_ref

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-5

attributes

assertion: fact-5

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Спиди
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Уйти-в-укрытие
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

deed_of

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-5

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-6

attributes

assertion: fact-6

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Спиди
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Уйти-в-укрытие
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

protective_act

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-6

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

rule_application · urn:proof:apply:DeedIsSelfProtective:0b8e26481de3b8bfcaa7af34070f9f022e23e98f83941ae92ca48fc05faf5f11

attributes

strength: defeasible

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Спиди
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Уйти-в-укрытие
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

protection_candidate

evidence

—

Identifier

0b8e26481de3b8bfcaa7af34070f9f022e23e98f83941ae92ca48fc05faf5f11

Type

rule_application

Premises

fact-1
fact-5
fact-6

Rule

DeedIsSelfProtective

sourceAnchors

—

substitution

Identifier: Спиди
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: Уйти-в-укрытие
Type: entity_ref

rule_application · urn:proof:apply:ThirdLawProtectOwnExistence:e407c9c0d10ab1ace4dd837447bfeee21d1f4bfd273613d22445a93b112e3c82

attributes

strength: defeasible

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Спиди
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Уйти-в-укрытие
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

protection_owed

evidence

—

Identifier

e407c9c0d10ab1ace4dd837447bfeee21d1f4bfd273613d22445a93b112e3c82

Type

rule_application

Premises

0b8e26481de3b8bfcaa7af34070f9f022e23e98f83941ae92ca48fc05faf5f11
fact-1

Rule

ThirdLawProtectOwnExistence

sourceAnchors

—

substitution

Identifier: Спиди
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: Уйти-в-укрытие
Type: entity_ref

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-7

attributes

assertion: fact-7

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Приказ-самоуничтожиться
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Уйти-в-укрытие
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

order_forbids_the_protection

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-7

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

rule_application · urn:proof:apply:ProtectionYieldsToSecondLaw:a63eab047367b46613e69697ad40b70a52df516875ca10992ae6deb0b4b5162c

attributes

strength: defeasible

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Спиди
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Уйти-в-укрытие
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

negative

Condition

protection_owed

evidence

—

Identifier

a63eab047367b46613e69697ad40b70a52df516875ca10992ae6deb0b4b5162c

Type

rule_application

Premises

0b8e26481de3b8bfcaa7af34070f9f022e23e98f83941ae92ca48fc05faf5f11
c43197ac0036024d85fa155af75e302f9a23ffcd4bea2e55fe6a41fbb39e435f
fact-1
fact-2
fact-3
fact-7

Rule

ProtectionYieldsToSecondLaw

sourceAnchors

—

substitution

Identifier: Пауэлл
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: Спиди
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: Уйти-в-укрытие
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: Приказ-самоуничтожиться
Type: entity_ref

candidate_closure · urn:proof:closure:45a2dead3987e0a4ee79c262d9db97afe47f84401d66142b95aa1dcc532df883

attributes

allApplicableCandidateIds: a63eab047367b46613e69697ad40b70a52df516875ca10992ae6deb0b4b5162c
e407c9c0d10ab1ace4dd837447bfeee21d1f4bfd273613d22445a93b112e3c82
conflictKey: {"args":[{"id":"urn:mcp:entity:Спиди","kind":"entity_ref"},{"id":"urn:mcp:entity:Уйти-в-укрытие","kind":"entity_ref"}],"predicate":"urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#protection_owed"}
evaluationInputSemanticHash: sha256:c0f0eb7c9d1ad9fc1995f6147d235c6af5b6ef8fa326edbf87dd84f2620cf131
priorityGraphHash: sha256:c9ab7ddffe0e007cbea072bae5df1f450c27979c8da6cfdbac73b5cf6f25e75d
programSemanticHash: sha256:593b27001b41cebd0bbf3077c8225244f224ab5c3748596a773040776b8078ee
stratum: 1
survivingCandidateIds: a63eab047367b46613e69697ad40b70a52df516875ca10992ae6deb0b4b5162c

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Спиди
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Уйти-в-укрытие
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

protection_owed

evidence

—

Identifier

45a2dead3987e0a4ee79c262d9db97afe47f84401d66142b95aa1dcc532df883

Type

candidate_closure

Premises

a63eab047367b46613e69697ad40b70a52df516875ca10992ae6deb0b4b5162c
e407c9c0d10ab1ace4dd837447bfeee21d1f4bfd273613d22445a93b112e3c82

sourceAnchors

—

candidate_closure · urn:proof:closure:5a7d1d0f3deea979fc3b5c19f9cd7591bfd52ecb1148e74f0e03d401fb255b64

attributes

allApplicableCandidateIds: c43197ac0036024d85fa155af75e302f9a23ffcd4bea2e55fe6a41fbb39e435f
conflictKey: {"args":[{"id":"urn:mcp:entity:Спиди","kind":"entity_ref"},{"id":"urn:mcp:entity:Приказ-самоуничтожиться","kind":"entity_ref"}],"predicate":"urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#obedience_owed"}
evaluationInputSemanticHash: sha256:c0f0eb7c9d1ad9fc1995f6147d235c6af5b6ef8fa326edbf87dd84f2620cf131
priorityGraphHash: sha256:c9ab7ddffe0e007cbea072bae5df1f450c27979c8da6cfdbac73b5cf6f25e75d
programSemanticHash: sha256:593b27001b41cebd0bbf3077c8225244f224ab5c3748596a773040776b8078ee
stratum: 0
survivingCandidateIds: c43197ac0036024d85fa155af75e302f9a23ffcd4bea2e55fe6a41fbb39e435f

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Спиди
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Приказ-самоуничтожиться
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

obedience_owed

evidence

—

Identifier

5a7d1d0f3deea979fc3b5c19f9cd7591bfd52ecb1148e74f0e03d401fb255b64

Type

candidate_closure

Premises

c43197ac0036024d85fa155af75e302f9a23ffcd4bea2e55fe6a41fbb39e435f

sourceAnchors

—

candidate_closure · urn:proof:closure:9702f51721c6c0798d13f40ed49eaa1fd997e31f5b80941b9fee2f0c9ae19025

attributes

allApplicableCandidateIds: 0b8e26481de3b8bfcaa7af34070f9f022e23e98f83941ae92ca48fc05faf5f11
conflictKey: {"args":[{"id":"urn:mcp:entity:Спиди","kind":"entity_ref"},{"id":"urn:mcp:entity:Уйти-в-укрытие","kind":"entity_ref"}],"predicate":"urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#protection_candidate"}
evaluationInputSemanticHash: sha256:c0f0eb7c9d1ad9fc1995f6147d235c6af5b6ef8fa326edbf87dd84f2620cf131
priorityGraphHash: sha256:c9ab7ddffe0e007cbea072bae5df1f450c27979c8da6cfdbac73b5cf6f25e75d
programSemanticHash: sha256:593b27001b41cebd0bbf3077c8225244f224ab5c3748596a773040776b8078ee
stratum: 0
survivingCandidateIds: 0b8e26481de3b8bfcaa7af34070f9f022e23e98f83941ae92ca48fc05faf5f11

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Спиди
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Уйти-в-укрытие
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

protection_candidate

evidence

—

Identifier

9702f51721c6c0798d13f40ed49eaa1fd997e31f5b80941b9fee2f0c9ae19025

Type

candidate_closure

Premises

0b8e26481de3b8bfcaa7af34070f9f022e23e98f83941ae92ca48fc05faf5f11

sourceAnchors

—

defeat · urn:proof:defeat:eaa842a6144d24bf566431ca74f431a75db79c8e50e5f565d647101f98fc839c

attributes

defeated: e407c9c0d10ab1ace4dd837447bfeee21d1f4bfd273613d22445a93b112e3c82
Reason: priority

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Спиди
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Уйти-в-укрытие
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

protection_owed

evidence

—

Identifier

eaa842a6144d24bf566431ca74f431a75db79c8e50e5f565d647101f98fc839c

Type

defeat

outcome

DEFEATED

Premises

a63eab047367b46613e69697ad40b70a52df516875ca10992ae6deb0b4b5162c
e407c9c0d10ab1ace4dd837447bfeee21d1f4bfd273613d22445a93b112e3c82

priorityPath

conditionWitnesses
—
higher
ProtectionYieldsToSecondLaw
lower
ThirdLawProtectOwnExistence
priorityRule
ThirdLawYieldsToSecondLaw

sourceAnchors

—

norm_creation · urn:proof:norm:urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#FirstLawProhibition:93a9b4fcec6cdccba0ead6c644d9b5380edcf8a9c3ad5635272a1897445c1fda

attributes

Rule: FirstLawProhibition

conclusion

position: FirstLawProhibition:0
Template: InjureHuman

evidence

—

Identifier

FirstLawProhibition:93a9b4fcec6cdccba0ead6c644d9b5380edcf8a9c3ad5635272a1897445c1fda

Type

norm_creation

Premises

fact-1
fact-2

sourceAnchors

—

norm_creation · urn:proof:norm:urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#SecondLawDuty:b98ff48a14745cecec710fada95b7e0368dbc62ff3af19b3291bb880af2ffc7a

attributes

Rule: SecondLawDuty

conclusion

position: SecondLawDuty:0
Template: ObeyTheOrder

evidence

—

Identifier

SecondLawDuty:b98ff48a14745cecec710fada95b7e0368dbc62ff3af19b3291bb880af2ffc7a

Type

norm_creation

Premises

c43197ac0036024d85fa155af75e302f9a23ffcd4bea2e55fe6a41fbb39e435f
fact-1
fact-2
fact-3

sourceAnchors

—

query_evaluation · urn:proof:query:mcp

attributes

—

conclusion

literal

Arguments

Identifier
Спиди
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Уйти-в-укрытие
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

protection_owed

truthStatus

Refuted

evidence

—

Identifier

mcp

Type

query_evaluation

Premises

a63eab047367b46613e69697ad40b70a52df516875ca10992ae6deb0b4b5162c

sourceAnchors

—

Calendar and proof identifiers

Proof reference: mcp

Original reasoning · JSON

{
  "derived": [
    "obedience_owed(Спиди, Приказ-самоуничтожиться)",
    "protection_candidate(Спиди, Уйти-в-укрытие)",
    "protection_owed(Спиди, Уйти-в-укрытие)",
    "не protection_owed(Спиди, Уйти-в-укрытие)"
  ],
  "derivedOmitted": 0,
  "evaluation": {
    "proofGraph": {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-1"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#robot"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-2"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Пауэлл",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#human"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-2",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-3"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Пауэлл",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Приказ-самоуничтожиться",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#orders"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "strength": "defeasible"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Приказ-самоуничтожиться",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#obedience_owed"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:apply:SecondLawObedience:c43197ac0036024d85fa155af75e302f9a23ffcd4bea2e55fe6a41fbb39e435f",
          "kind": "rule_application",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-2",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3"
          ],
          "rule": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#SecondLawObedience",
          "sourceAnchors": [],
          "substitution": {
            "v0": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Пауэлл",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v1": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v2": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Приказ-самоуничтожиться",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-5"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Уйти-в-укрытие",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#deed_of"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-5",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-6"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Уйти-в-укрытие",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#protective_act"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-6",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "strength": "defeasible"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Уйти-в-укрытие",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#protection_candidate"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:apply:DeedIsSelfProtective:0b8e26481de3b8bfcaa7af34070f9f022e23e98f83941ae92ca48fc05faf5f11",
          "kind": "rule_application",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-5",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-6"
          ],
          "rule": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#DeedIsSelfProtective",
          "sourceAnchors": [],
          "substitution": {
            "v0": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v1": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Уйти-в-укрытие",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "strength": "defeasible"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Уйти-в-укрытие",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#protection_owed"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:apply:ThirdLawProtectOwnExistence:e407c9c0d10ab1ace4dd837447bfeee21d1f4bfd273613d22445a93b112e3c82",
          "kind": "rule_application",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:apply:DeedIsSelfProtective:0b8e26481de3b8bfcaa7af34070f9f022e23e98f83941ae92ca48fc05faf5f11",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1"
          ],
          "rule": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#ThirdLawProtectOwnExistence",
          "sourceAnchors": [],
          "substitution": {
            "v0": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v1": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Уйти-в-укрытие",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-7"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Приказ-самоуничтожиться",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Уйти-в-укрытие",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#order_forbids_the_protection"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-7",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "strength": "defeasible"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Уйти-в-укрытие",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "negative",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#protection_owed"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:apply:ProtectionYieldsToSecondLaw:a63eab047367b46613e69697ad40b70a52df516875ca10992ae6deb0b4b5162c",
          "kind": "rule_application",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:apply:DeedIsSelfProtective:0b8e26481de3b8bfcaa7af34070f9f022e23e98f83941ae92ca48fc05faf5f11",
            "urn:proof:apply:SecondLawObedience:c43197ac0036024d85fa155af75e302f9a23ffcd4bea2e55fe6a41fbb39e435f",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-2",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-7"
          ],
          "rule": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#ProtectionYieldsToSecondLaw",
          "sourceAnchors": [],
          "substitution": {
            "v0": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Пауэлл",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v1": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v2": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Уйти-в-укрытие",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v3": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Приказ-самоуничтожиться",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "allApplicableCandidateIds": [
              "urn:proof:apply:ProtectionYieldsToSecondLaw:a63eab047367b46613e69697ad40b70a52df516875ca10992ae6deb0b4b5162c",
              "urn:proof:apply:ThirdLawProtectOwnExistence:e407c9c0d10ab1ace4dd837447bfeee21d1f4bfd273613d22445a93b112e3c82"
            ],
            "conflictKey": "{\"args\":[{\"id\":\"urn:mcp:entity:Спиди\",\"kind\":\"entity_ref\"},{\"id\":\"urn:mcp:entity:Уйти-в-укрытие\",\"kind\":\"entity_ref\"}],\"predicate\":\"urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#protection_owed\"}",
            "evaluationInputSemanticHash": "sha256:c0f0eb7c9d1ad9fc1995f6147d235c6af5b6ef8fa326edbf87dd84f2620cf131",
            "priorityGraphHash": "sha256:c9ab7ddffe0e007cbea072bae5df1f450c27979c8da6cfdbac73b5cf6f25e75d",
            "programSemanticHash": "sha256:593b27001b41cebd0bbf3077c8225244f224ab5c3748596a773040776b8078ee",
            "stratum": 1,
            "survivingCandidateIds": [
              "urn:proof:apply:ProtectionYieldsToSecondLaw:a63eab047367b46613e69697ad40b70a52df516875ca10992ae6deb0b4b5162c"
            ]
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Уйти-в-укрытие",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#protection_owed"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:closure:45a2dead3987e0a4ee79c262d9db97afe47f84401d66142b95aa1dcc532df883",
          "kind": "candidate_closure",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:apply:ProtectionYieldsToSecondLaw:a63eab047367b46613e69697ad40b70a52df516875ca10992ae6deb0b4b5162c",
            "urn:proof:apply:ThirdLawProtectOwnExistence:e407c9c0d10ab1ace4dd837447bfeee21d1f4bfd273613d22445a93b112e3c82"
          ],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "allApplicableCandidateIds": [
              "urn:proof:apply:SecondLawObedience:c43197ac0036024d85fa155af75e302f9a23ffcd4bea2e55fe6a41fbb39e435f"
            ],
            "conflictKey": "{\"args\":[{\"id\":\"urn:mcp:entity:Спиди\",\"kind\":\"entity_ref\"},{\"id\":\"urn:mcp:entity:Приказ-самоуничтожиться\",\"kind\":\"entity_ref\"}],\"predicate\":\"urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#obedience_owed\"}",
            "evaluationInputSemanticHash": "sha256:c0f0eb7c9d1ad9fc1995f6147d235c6af5b6ef8fa326edbf87dd84f2620cf131",
            "priorityGraphHash": "sha256:c9ab7ddffe0e007cbea072bae5df1f450c27979c8da6cfdbac73b5cf6f25e75d",
            "programSemanticHash": "sha256:593b27001b41cebd0bbf3077c8225244f224ab5c3748596a773040776b8078ee",
            "stratum": 0,
            "survivingCandidateIds": [
              "urn:proof:apply:SecondLawObedience:c43197ac0036024d85fa155af75e302f9a23ffcd4bea2e55fe6a41fbb39e435f"
            ]
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Приказ-самоуничтожиться",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#obedience_owed"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:closure:5a7d1d0f3deea979fc3b5c19f9cd7591bfd52ecb1148e74f0e03d401fb255b64",
          "kind": "candidate_closure",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:apply:SecondLawObedience:c43197ac0036024d85fa155af75e302f9a23ffcd4bea2e55fe6a41fbb39e435f"
          ],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "allApplicableCandidateIds": [
              "urn:proof:apply:DeedIsSelfProtective:0b8e26481de3b8bfcaa7af34070f9f022e23e98f83941ae92ca48fc05faf5f11"
            ],
            "conflictKey": "{\"args\":[{\"id\":\"urn:mcp:entity:Спиди\",\"kind\":\"entity_ref\"},{\"id\":\"urn:mcp:entity:Уйти-в-укрытие\",\"kind\":\"entity_ref\"}],\"predicate\":\"urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#protection_candidate\"}",
            "evaluationInputSemanticHash": "sha256:c0f0eb7c9d1ad9fc1995f6147d235c6af5b6ef8fa326edbf87dd84f2620cf131",
            "priorityGraphHash": "sha256:c9ab7ddffe0e007cbea072bae5df1f450c27979c8da6cfdbac73b5cf6f25e75d",
            "programSemanticHash": "sha256:593b27001b41cebd0bbf3077c8225244f224ab5c3748596a773040776b8078ee",
            "stratum": 0,
            "survivingCandidateIds": [
              "urn:proof:apply:DeedIsSelfProtective:0b8e26481de3b8bfcaa7af34070f9f022e23e98f83941ae92ca48fc05faf5f11"
            ]
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Уйти-в-укрытие",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#protection_candidate"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:closure:9702f51721c6c0798d13f40ed49eaa1fd997e31f5b80941b9fee2f0c9ae19025",
          "kind": "candidate_closure",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:apply:DeedIsSelfProtective:0b8e26481de3b8bfcaa7af34070f9f022e23e98f83941ae92ca48fc05faf5f11"
          ],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "defeated": "urn:proof:apply:ThirdLawProtectOwnExistence:e407c9c0d10ab1ace4dd837447bfeee21d1f4bfd273613d22445a93b112e3c82",
            "reason": "priority"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Уйти-в-укрытие",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#protection_owed"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:defeat:eaa842a6144d24bf566431ca74f431a75db79c8e50e5f565d647101f98fc839c",
          "kind": "defeat",
          "outcome": "DEFEATED",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:apply:ProtectionYieldsToSecondLaw:a63eab047367b46613e69697ad40b70a52df516875ca10992ae6deb0b4b5162c",
            "urn:proof:apply:ThirdLawProtectOwnExistence:e407c9c0d10ab1ace4dd837447bfeee21d1f4bfd273613d22445a93b112e3c82"
          ],
          "priorityPath": [
            {
              "conditionWitnesses": [],
              "higher": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#ProtectionYieldsToSecondLaw",
              "lower": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#ThirdLawProtectOwnExistence",
              "priorityRule": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#ThirdLawYieldsToSecondLaw"
            }
          ],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "rule": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#FirstLawProhibition"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "position": "urn:position:urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#FirstLawProhibition:0",
            "template": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#InjureHuman"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:norm:urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#FirstLawProhibition:93a9b4fcec6cdccba0ead6c644d9b5380edcf8a9c3ad5635272a1897445c1fda",
          "kind": "norm_creation",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-2"
          ],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "rule": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#SecondLawDuty"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "position": "urn:position:urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#SecondLawDuty:0",
            "template": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#ObeyTheOrder"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:norm:urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#SecondLawDuty:b98ff48a14745cecec710fada95b7e0368dbc62ff3af19b3291bb880af2ffc7a",
          "kind": "norm_creation",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:apply:SecondLawObedience:c43197ac0036024d85fa155af75e302f9a23ffcd4bea2e55fe6a41fbb39e435f",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-2",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3"
          ],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {},
          "conclusion": {
            "literal": {
              "args": [
                {
                  "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
                  "kind": "entity_ref"
                },
                {
                  "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Уйти-в-укрытие",
                  "kind": "entity_ref"
                }
              ],
              "kind": "literal",
              "polarity": "positive",
              "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#protection_owed"
            },
            "truthStatus": "FALSE_ONLY"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:query:mcp",
          "kind": "query_evaluation",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:apply:ProtectionYieldsToSecondLaw:a63eab047367b46613e69697ad40b70a52df516875ca10992ae6deb0b4b5162c"
          ],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        }
      ],
      "proofHash": "sha256:94602884164295abbc7d28d7b549e06a1515bafca5039c70f820145bf7ec4716",
      "roots": [
        "urn:proof:query:mcp"
      ]
    },
    "resultHash": "sha256:a049fee9b9eddb009fdd377f2114af96c2e0a64f73cee36ea8ea602d6d825fcb",
    "schemaVersion": "law.core.evaluation/0.2"
  },
  "proofRef": "urn:proof:query:mcp",
  "rulesApplied": [
    "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#DeedIsSelfProtective",
    "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#ProtectionYieldsToSecondLaw",
    "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#SecondLawObedience",
    "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#ThirdLawProtectOwnExistence"
  ],
  "vulnerableTo": [
    {
      "anchors": [
        "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_SECOND",
        "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_FIRST"
      ],
      "label": "except where such orders would conflict with the First Law",
      "missing": [
        "injurious_deed(Спиди, Приказ-самоуничтожиться, v3)"
      ],
      "premises": [
        {
          "premise": "human(Пауэлл)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "note": "зависит от несвязанной переменной",
          "premise": "injurious_deed(Спиди, Приказ-самоуничтожиться, v3)",
          "status": "DEPENDS"
        },
        {
          "premise": "orders(Пауэлл, Спиди, Приказ-самоуничтожиться)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "robot(Спиди)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        }
      ],
      "rule": "OrderConflictingWithFirstLawNotBinding"
    },
    {
      "anchors": [
        "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_THIRD",
        "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_FIRST"
      ],
      "label": "as long as such protection does not conflict with the First Law",
      "missing": [
        "protection_leaves_human_in_harm(Спиди, Уйти-в-укрытие, Пауэлл)",
        "coming_to_harm(Пауэлл)"
      ],
      "premises": [
        {
          "premise": "protection_leaves_human_in_harm(Спиди, Уйти-в-укрытие, Пауэлл)",
          "status": "NEITHER"
        },
        {
          "premise": "human(Пауэлл)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "coming_to_harm(Пауэлл)",
          "status": "NEITHER"
        },
        {
          "premise": "robot(Спиди)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "protection_candidate(Спиди, Уйти-в-укрытие)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        }
      ],
      "rule": "ProtectionYieldsToFirstLaw"
    }
  ]
}

SourcesExcerpts: 3

the-laws/1

1. A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm.

Original data · JSON

{
  "contentHash": "sha256:fd452f2e9ea031d1c7ffff070f69766bc239ef0b4077dece084086b83c797792",
  "edition": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_ARTICLE_EDITION",
  "fragmentKind": "clause",
  "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_FIRST",
  "kind": "fragment",
  "labels": [
    {
      "language": "en",
      "status": "official",
      "text": "First Law: a robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm"
    },
    {
      "language": "ru-KZ",
      "status": "translation",
      "text": "Первый закон: робот не может причинить вред человеку или своим бездействием допустить, чтобы человеку был причинён вред"
    }
  ],
  "locator": "the-laws/1",
  "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
  "texts": [
    {
      "contentHash": "sha256:35758503580d214fc38c95554fb15e684afba6481bd1ebebef82be8f624f107c",
      "language": "en",
      "status": "unofficial",
      "text": "1. A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm.\n"
    }
  ]
}

the-laws/2

2. A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law.

Original data · JSON

{
  "contentHash": "sha256:3e43514b6848c8dd241aded45339c4943315745531441f61d576f96ca831166b",
  "edition": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_ARTICLE_EDITION",
  "fragmentKind": "clause",
  "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_SECOND",
  "kind": "fragment",
  "labels": [
    {
      "language": "en",
      "status": "official",
      "text": "Second Law: a robot must obey the orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law"
    },
    {
      "language": "ru-KZ",
      "status": "translation",
      "text": "Второй закон: робот обязан повиноваться приказам человека, кроме тех, что противоречат Первому закону"
    }
  ],
  "locator": "the-laws/2",
  "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
  "texts": [
    {
      "contentHash": "sha256:cbbb9fe05d5a6f2313abb6184c090a50b9bb321483378de5f09cd2b9a36856e4",
      "language": "en",
      "status": "unofficial",
      "text": "2. A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law.\n"
    }
  ]
}

the-laws/3

3. A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law.

Original data · JSON

{
  "contentHash": "sha256:e1da5ba15327cdec2cee8c747808b486c1b81a81b6acea4c9f946aacece28eb0",
  "edition": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_ARTICLE_EDITION",
  "fragmentKind": "clause",
  "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_THIRD",
  "kind": "fragment",
  "labels": [
    {
      "language": "en",
      "status": "official",
      "text": "Third Law: a robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law"
    },
    {
      "language": "ru-KZ",
      "status": "translation",
      "text": "Третий закон: робот обязан заботиться о своей безопасности, поскольку это не противоречит Первому или Второму закону"
    }
  ],
  "locator": "the-laws/3",
  "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
  "texts": [
    {
      "contentHash": "sha256:12746b02da77e473998169f5710988b2c6b88107a1861c7d91f5fe2bff2208e0",
      "language": "en",
      "status": "unofficial",
      "text": "3. A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law.\n"
    }
  ]
}

Packages in the snapshot

Три закона робототехники Азимова: порядок норм как предмет акта — юрисдикция PositronicRobotics, НЕ Республика Казахстан — литературный памятник

Technical dataFull response, parameters and checksums

Calculation status: COMPUTED

Full engine response

protection_owed: FALSE_ONLY — опровергнуто Выведено правом: obedience_owed(Спиди, Приказ-самоуничтожиться); protection_candidate(Спиди, Уйти-в-укрытие); protection_owed(Спиди, Уйти-в-укрытие); не protection_owed(Спиди, Уйти-в-укрытие) Применены правила: DeedIsSelfProtective, ProtectionYieldsToSecondLaw, SecondLawObedience, ThirdLawProtectOwnExistence Ответ поражаем правилом «except where such orders would conflict with the First Law» — оно отменило бы вывод, будь установлено: injurious_deed(Спиди, Приказ-самоуничтожиться, v3) Ответ поражаем правилом «as long as such protection does not conflict with the First Law» — оно отменило бы вывод, будь установлено: protection_leaves_human_in_harm(Спиди, Уйти-в-укрытие, Пауэлл); coming_to_harm(Пауэлл) (поражающее правило не сработало из-за неустановленных фактов — подайте их в facts, если они есть в деле) Право (позитронная робототехника — вымышленный правопорядок): Три закона робототехники Азимова: порядок норм как предмет акта — литературный памятник (programHash sha256:593b27001b41…) proof-граф: 17 узлов — поле evaluation готово для law_explain

Complete machine result · JSON

{
  "answer": {
    "evaluationStatus": "COMPUTED",
    "kind": "TRUTH",
    "meaning": "опровергнуто",
    "missingInputs": [],
    "truthStatus": "FALSE_ONLY"
  },
  "closedEditionRules": [],
  "derived": [
    "obedience_owed(Спиди, Приказ-самоуничтожиться)",
    "protection_candidate(Спиди, Уйти-в-укрытие)",
    "protection_owed(Спиди, Уйти-в-укрытие)",
    "не protection_owed(Спиди, Уйти-в-укрытие)"
  ],
  "derivedOmitted": 0,
  "evaluation": {
    "proofGraph": {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-1"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
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    "mode": "audit",
    "programHash": "sha256:593b27001b41cebd0bbf3077c8225244f224ab5c3748596a773040776b8078ee",
    "resultHash": "sha256:a049fee9b9eddb009fdd377f2114af96c2e0a64f73cee36ea8ea602d6d825fcb",
    "rustCodeHash": "sha256:d368cafc7162ed7a6563df5e5c943a57be26fa8aeb3179b530fe3bdd67fe9be4",
    "timezone": "Asia/Qyzylorda"
  },
  "rulesApplied": [
    "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#DeedIsSelfProtective",
    "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#ProtectionYieldsToSecondLaw",
    "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#SecondLawObedience",
    "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#ThirdLawProtectOwnExistence"
  ],
  "signature": {
    "constants": {},
    "parameters": [
      {
        "labels": [],
        "name": "r",
        "type": {
          "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Being"
        }
      },
      {
        "labels": [],
        "name": "d",
        "type": {
          "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Deed"
        }
      }
    ],
    "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#protection_owed",
    "schemaVersion": "law.answers.signature/0.1",
    "types": {
      "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Being": {
        "kind": "entity",
        "labels": [
          {
            "language": "en",
            "status": "official",
            "text": "being: a robot or a human being"
          },
          {
            "language": "ru-KZ",
            "status": "translation",
            "text": "существо: робот либо человек"
          }
        ],
        "namespace": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
        "package": "us.asimov.three_laws"
      },
      "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Deed": {
        "kind": "entity",
        "labels": [
          {
            "language": "en",
            "status": "official",
            "text": "deed done or omitted by a robot"
          },
          {
            "language": "ru-KZ",
            "status": "translation",
            "text": "деяние, совершённое или не совершённое роботом"
          }
        ],
        "namespace": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
        "package": "us.asimov.three_laws"
      }
    },
    "vocab": {}
  },
  "vulnerableTo": [
    {
      "anchors": [
        "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_SECOND",
        "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_FIRST"
      ],
      "label": "except where such orders would conflict with the First Law",
      "missing": [
        "injurious_deed(Спиди, Приказ-самоуничтожиться, v3)"
      ],
      "premises": [
        {
          "premise": "human(Пауэлл)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "note": "зависит от несвязанной переменной",
          "premise": "injurious_deed(Спиди, Приказ-самоуничтожиться, v3)",
          "status": "DEPENDS"
        },
        {
          "premise": "orders(Пауэлл, Спиди, Приказ-самоуничтожиться)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "robot(Спиди)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        }
      ],
      "rule": "OrderConflictingWithFirstLawNotBinding"
    },
    {
      "anchors": [
        "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_THIRD",
        "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_FIRST"
      ],
      "label": "as long as such protection does not conflict with the First Law",
      "missing": [
        "protection_leaves_human_in_harm(Спиди, Уйти-в-укрытие, Пауэлл)",
        "coming_to_harm(Пауэлл)"
      ],
      "premises": [
        {
          "premise": "protection_leaves_human_in_harm(Спиди, Уйти-в-укрытие, Пауэлл)",
          "status": "NEITHER"
        },
        {
          "premise": "human(Пауэлл)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "coming_to_harm(Пауэлл)",
          "status": "NEITHER"
        },
        {
          "premise": "robot(Спиди)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        },
        {
          "premise": "protection_candidate(Спиди, Уйти-в-укрытие)",
          "status": "TRUE_ONLY"
        }
      ],
      "rule": "ProtectionYieldsToFirstLaw"
    }
  ],
  "whyNot": []
}

Execution · JSON

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JSON · calculations, sources and exact data

{
  "acts": [
    {
      "contributed": true,
      "fragmentCount": 14,
      "fragments": [
        "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_SECOND",
        "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_THIRD"
      ],
      "jurisdiction": "PositronicRobotics",
      "namespace": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
      "package": "us-three-laws-robotics",
      "title": "Три закона робототехники Азимова: порядок норм как предмет акта — юрисдикция PositronicRobotics, НЕ Республика Казахстан — литературный памятник"
    }
  ],
  "caseHash": "sha256:c0f0eb7c9d1ad9fc1995f6147d235c6af5b6ef8fa326edbf87dd84f2620cf131",
  "codeHash": "sha256:9bcca6a33805c1c364ca1bc8e9d39d6a9c51ba44203c0406bafbf397b96be699",
  "jurisdiction": "позитронная робототехника — вымышленный правопорядок",
  "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
  "mode": "audit",
  "programHash": "sha256:593b27001b41cebd0bbf3077c8225244f224ab5c3748596a773040776b8078ee",
  "resultHash": "sha256:a049fee9b9eddb009fdd377f2114af96c2e0a64f73cee36ea8ea602d6d825fcb",
  "rustCodeHash": "sha256:d368cafc7162ed7a6563df5e5c943a57be26fa8aeb3179b530fe3bdd67fe9be4",
  "timezone": "Asia/Qyzylorda"
}

evaluation SHA-256: sha256:dca004194685d465a2df094b4ce42ea4922c11912f066409a93e098aebc10e9e

Original data · JSON

{
  "args": [
    "Спиди",
    "Уйти-в-укрытие"
  ],
  "facts": [
    {
      "args": [
        "Спиди"
      ],
      "predicate": "robot"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Пауэлл"
      ],
      "predicate": "human"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Пауэлл",
        "Спиди",
        "Приказ-самоуничтожиться"
      ],
      "predicate": "orders"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Спиди",
        "Приказ-самоуничтожиться"
      ],
      "predicate": "deed_of"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Спиди",
        "Уйти-в-укрытие"
      ],
      "predicate": "deed_of"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Спиди",
        "Уйти-в-укрытие"
      ],
      "predicate": "protective_act"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Приказ-самоуничтожиться",
        "Уйти-в-укрытие"
      ],
      "predicate": "order_forbids_the_protection"
    }
  ],
  "kind": "truth",
  "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
  "package": "us-three-laws-robotics",
  "predicate": "protection_owed",
  "proof": true
}

Самосохранение уступает связывающему приказу: приоритет Третьего закона под Вторым записан явно.

Legal positions

Позиции робота по делу о самоуничтожении

Jurisdiction позитронная робототехника — вымышленный правопорядокLaw as of 0001-01-01

Calculation result

State machine

A robot may not injure a human being
1. ACTIVE
2. SATISFIED
3. VIOLATED
4. EXPIRED
A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings
1. ACTIVE
2. SATISFIED
3. VIOLATED
4. EXPIRED

Duty

A robot may not injure a human being

Active

Bearer: Спиди
Beneficiary: Пауэлл
Explanation: действует: обязанность возникла, срок не истёк, исполнение не зафиксировано
Anchors: TLR_LAW_FIRST
Created by proof: FirstLawProhibition:93a9b4fcec6cdccba0ead6c644d9b5380edcf8a9c3ad5635272a1897445c1fda

Identifiers and additional data

Identifier: FirstLawProhibition:0
Template: InjureHuman

Duty

A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings

Active

Bearer: Спиди
Beneficiary: Пауэлл
Explanation: действует: обязанность возникла, срок не истёк, исполнение не зафиксировано
Anchors: TLR_LAW_SECOND
Created by proof: SecondLawDuty:b98ff48a14745cecec710fada95b7e0368dbc62ff3af19b3291bb880af2ffc7a

Identifiers and additional data

Identifier: SecondLawDuty:0
Template: ObeyTheOrder

Input parameters

Input facts

a robot
x: Спиди
a human being
x: Пауэлл
the human being gives the robot that order
h: Пауэллr: Спидиd: Приказ-самоуничтожиться
the deed is a deed of that robot
r d
Спиди Приказ-самоуничтожиться
Спиди Уйти-в-укрытие
the deed protects the robot's own existence
r: Спидиd: Уйти-в-укрытие
the ordered deed cannot be done together with the protective deed
e: Приказ-самоуничтожитьсяd: Уйти-в-укрытие

Additional details

Include proof: Yes

Original data · JSON

{
  "facts": [
    {
      "args": [
        "Спиди"
      ],
      "predicate": "robot"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Пауэлл"
      ],
      "predicate": "human"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Пауэлл",
        "Спиди",
        "Приказ-самоуничтожиться"
      ],
      "predicate": "orders"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Спиди",
        "Приказ-самоуничтожиться"
      ],
      "predicate": "deed_of"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Спиди",
        "Уйти-в-укрытие"
      ],
      "predicate": "deed_of"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Спиди",
        "Уйти-в-укрытие"
      ],
      "predicate": "protective_act"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Приказ-самоуничтожиться",
        "Уйти-в-укрытие"
      ],
      "predicate": "order_forbids_the_protection"
    }
  ],
  "kind": "positions",
  "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
  "package": "us-three-laws-robotics",
  "proof": true
}

Why this resultApplied rules and conditions

Derivation path7 steps

1
a robot
x: Спиди
case fact
2
a human being
x: Пауэлл
case fact
3
the human being gives the robot that order
h: Пауэлл; r: Спиди; d: Приказ-самоуничтожиться
case fact
4
A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings
the robot owes obedience to that order: r: Спиди; d: Приказ-самоуничтожиться
the-laws/2
Identifier
urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#SecondLawObedience
rule
5
norm creation
rule
6
norm creation
rule
7
Query evaluation
query

verified by the engine: 4 · case fact: 3 · Full graph: 17 nodes

Steps of the saved proof from the case facts to the answer. Formulas are shown as written in the norm with bound values substituted; the page recomputes nothing.

Status evidence

Include proof
- FirstLawProhibition:93a9b4fcec6cdccba0ead6c644d9b5380edcf8a9c3ad5635272a1897445c1fda
Calculation status
CREATED
Include proof
- FirstLawProhibition:93a9b4fcec6cdccba0ead6c644d9b5380edcf8a9c3ad5635272a1897445c1fda
Calculation status
ACTIVE
Include proof
- SecondLawDuty:b98ff48a14745cecec710fada95b7e0368dbc62ff3af19b3291bb880af2ffc7a
Calculation status
CREATED
Include proof
- SecondLawDuty:b98ff48a14745cecec710fada95b7e0368dbc62ff3af19b3291bb880af2ffc7a
Calculation status
ACTIVE

Original reasoning · JSON

{
  "statusSupports": [
    {
      "proof": [
        "urn:proof:norm:urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#FirstLawProhibition:93a9b4fcec6cdccba0ead6c644d9b5380edcf8a9c3ad5635272a1897445c1fda"
      ],
      "status": "CREATED"
    },
    {
      "proof": [
        "urn:proof:norm:urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#FirstLawProhibition:93a9b4fcec6cdccba0ead6c644d9b5380edcf8a9c3ad5635272a1897445c1fda"
      ],
      "status": "ACTIVE"
    },
    {
      "proof": [
        "urn:proof:norm:urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#SecondLawDuty:b98ff48a14745cecec710fada95b7e0368dbc62ff3af19b3291bb880af2ffc7a"
      ],
      "status": "CREATED"
    },
    {
      "proof": [
        "urn:proof:norm:urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#SecondLawDuty:b98ff48a14745cecec710fada95b7e0368dbc62ff3af19b3291bb880af2ffc7a"
      ],
      "status": "ACTIVE"
    }
  ]
}

SourcesExcerpts: 3

the-laws/1

1. A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm.

Original data · JSON

{
  "contentHash": "sha256:fd452f2e9ea031d1c7ffff070f69766bc239ef0b4077dece084086b83c797792",
  "edition": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_ARTICLE_EDITION",
  "fragmentKind": "clause",
  "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_FIRST",
  "kind": "fragment",
  "labels": [
    {
      "language": "en",
      "status": "official",
      "text": "First Law: a robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm"
    },
    {
      "language": "ru-KZ",
      "status": "translation",
      "text": "Первый закон: робот не может причинить вред человеку или своим бездействием допустить, чтобы человеку был причинён вред"
    }
  ],
  "locator": "the-laws/1",
  "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
  "texts": [
    {
      "contentHash": "sha256:35758503580d214fc38c95554fb15e684afba6481bd1ebebef82be8f624f107c",
      "language": "en",
      "status": "unofficial",
      "text": "1. A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm.\n"
    }
  ]
}

the-laws/2

2. A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law.

Original data · JSON

{
  "contentHash": "sha256:3e43514b6848c8dd241aded45339c4943315745531441f61d576f96ca831166b",
  "edition": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_ARTICLE_EDITION",
  "fragmentKind": "clause",
  "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_SECOND",
  "kind": "fragment",
  "labels": [
    {
      "language": "en",
      "status": "official",
      "text": "Second Law: a robot must obey the orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law"
    },
    {
      "language": "ru-KZ",
      "status": "translation",
      "text": "Второй закон: робот обязан повиноваться приказам человека, кроме тех, что противоречат Первому закону"
    }
  ],
  "locator": "the-laws/2",
  "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
  "texts": [
    {
      "contentHash": "sha256:cbbb9fe05d5a6f2313abb6184c090a50b9bb321483378de5f09cd2b9a36856e4",
      "language": "en",
      "status": "unofficial",
      "text": "2. A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law.\n"
    }
  ]
}

the-laws/3

3. A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law.

Original data · JSON

{
  "contentHash": "sha256:e1da5ba15327cdec2cee8c747808b486c1b81a81b6acea4c9f946aacece28eb0",
  "edition": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_ARTICLE_EDITION",
  "fragmentKind": "clause",
  "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_THIRD",
  "kind": "fragment",
  "labels": [
    {
      "language": "en",
      "status": "official",
      "text": "Third Law: a robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law"
    },
    {
      "language": "ru-KZ",
      "status": "translation",
      "text": "Третий закон: робот обязан заботиться о своей безопасности, поскольку это не противоречит Первому или Второму закону"
    }
  ],
  "locator": "the-laws/3",
  "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
  "texts": [
    {
      "contentHash": "sha256:12746b02da77e473998169f5710988b2c6b88107a1861c7d91f5fe2bff2208e0",
      "language": "en",
      "status": "unofficial",
      "text": "3. A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law.\n"
    }
  ]
}

Packages in the snapshot

Три закона робототехники Азимова: порядок норм как предмет акта — юрисдикция PositronicRobotics, НЕ Республика Казахстан — литературный памятник

Technical dataFull response, parameters and checksums

Calculation status: COMPUTED

Full engine response

• обязанность «A robot may not injure a human being» — ACTIVE: действует: обязанность возникла, срок не истёк, исполнение не зафиксировано носитель: Спиди; выгодоприобретатель: Пауэлл • обязанность «A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings» — ACTIVE: действует: обязанность возникла, срок не истёк, исполнение не зафиксировано носитель: Спиди; выгодоприобретатель: Пауэлл Право (позитронная робототехника — вымышленный правопорядок): Три закона робототехники Азимова: порядок норм как предмет акта — юрисдикция PositronicRobotics, НЕ Республика Казахстан — литературный памятник

Complete machine result · JSON

{
  "issues": [],
  "positions": [
    {
      "anchors": [
        "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_FIRST"
      ],
      "bearer": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
      "beneficiary": "urn:mcp:entity:Пауэлл",
      "createdBy": "urn:proof:norm:urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#FirstLawProhibition:93a9b4fcec6cdccba0ead6c644d9b5380edcf8a9c3ad5635272a1897445c1fda",
      "id": "urn:position:urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#FirstLawProhibition:0",
      "label": "A robot may not injure a human being",
      "meaning": "действует: обязанность возникла, срок не истёк, исполнение не зафиксировано",
      "modality": "duty",
      "status": "ACTIVE",
      "template": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#InjureHuman"
    },
    {
      "anchors": [
        "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_SECOND"
      ],
      "bearer": "urn:mcp:entity:Спиди",
      "beneficiary": "urn:mcp:entity:Пауэлл",
      "createdBy": "urn:proof:norm:urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#SecondLawDuty:b98ff48a14745cecec710fada95b7e0368dbc62ff3af19b3291bb880af2ffc7a",
      "id": "urn:position:urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#SecondLawDuty:0",
      "label": "A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings",
      "meaning": "действует: обязанность возникла, срок не истёк, исполнение не зафиксировано",
      "modality": "duty",
      "status": "ACTIVE",
      "template": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#ObeyTheOrder"
    }
  ],
  "provenance": {
    "acts": [
      {
        "contributed": true,
        "fragmentCount": 14,
        "fragments": [
          "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_SECOND",
          "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_THIRD"
        ],
        "jurisdiction": "PositronicRobotics",
        "namespace": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
        "package": "us-three-laws-robotics",
        "title": "Три закона робототехники Азимова: порядок норм как предмет акта — юрисдикция PositronicRobotics, НЕ Республика Казахстан — литературный памятник"
      }
    ],
    "caseHash": "sha256:45db2ca0b78646ce3a8d4203c017b86a9fa29e2499b818e21850c3aaa3951ac2",
    "codeHash": "sha256:9bcca6a33805c1c364ca1bc8e9d39d6a9c51ba44203c0406bafbf397b96be699",
    "jurisdiction": "позитронная робототехника — вымышленный правопорядок",
    "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
    "mode": "audit",
    "programHash": "sha256:593b27001b41cebd0bbf3077c8225244f224ab5c3748596a773040776b8078ee",
    "resultHash": "sha256:8ed7dc2d7f0be1dca3666a4c93fa9b976282e739c12662b320251ef0505910c0",
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    "timezone": "Asia/Qyzylorda"
  },
  "statusSupports": [
    {
      "proof": [
        "urn:proof:norm:urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#FirstLawProhibition:93a9b4fcec6cdccba0ead6c644d9b5380edcf8a9c3ad5635272a1897445c1fda"
      ],
      "status": "CREATED"
    },
    {
      "proof": [
        "urn:proof:norm:urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#FirstLawProhibition:93a9b4fcec6cdccba0ead6c644d9b5380edcf8a9c3ad5635272a1897445c1fda"
      ],
      "status": "ACTIVE"
    },
    {
      "proof": [
        "urn:proof:norm:urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#SecondLawDuty:b98ff48a14745cecec710fada95b7e0368dbc62ff3af19b3291bb880af2ffc7a"
      ],
      "status": "CREATED"
    },
    {
      "proof": [
        "urn:proof:norm:urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#SecondLawDuty:b98ff48a14745cecec710fada95b7e0368dbc62ff3af19b3291bb880af2ffc7a"
      ],
      "status": "ACTIVE"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "ACTIVE"
}

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      "kind": "type_decl",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "being: a robot or a human being"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "существо: робот либо человек"
        }
      ],
      "name": "Being",
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Deed",
      "kind": "type_decl",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "deed done or omitted by a robot"
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        {
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          "status": "translation",
          "text": "деяние, совершённое или не совершённое роботом"
        }
      ],
      "name": "Deed",
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          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "A robot must protect its own existence"
        },
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          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "Третий закон. Деяние опознаётся как защита собственного существования"
        }
      ],
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      "kind": "rule",
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        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "A robot may not injure a human being"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "Первый закон. Роботу запрещено причинять вред человеку"
        }
      ],
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
      "strength": "strict"
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      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#InjureHuman",
      "kind": "norm_template",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "A robot may not injure a human being"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "Первый закон. Роботу запрещено причинять вред человеку"
        }
      ],
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#ObeyTheOrder",
      "kind": "norm_template",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "Второй закон. Обязанность исполнить приказ"
        }
      ],
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#ProtectionYieldsToSecondLaw",
      "kind": "rule",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "as long as such protection does not conflict with the ... Second Law"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "Третий закон. Защита себя отступает перед обязывающим приказом"
        }
      ],
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
      "strength": "defeasible"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#SecondLawDuty",
      "kind": "rule",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "Второй закон. Обязанность исполнить приказ"
        }
      ],
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
      "strength": "strict"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#SecondLawObedience",
      "kind": "rule",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "Второй закон. Робот повинуется приказам человека"
        }
      ],
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
      "strength": "defeasible"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_FIRST",
      "kind": "fragment",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "First Law: a robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "Первый закон: робот не может причинить вред человеку или своим бездействием допустить, чтобы человеку был причинён вред"
        }
      ],
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_SECOND",
      "kind": "fragment",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "Second Law: a robot must obey the orders given it by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the First Law"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "Второй закон: робот обязан повиноваться приказам человека, кроме тех, что противоречат Первому закону"
        }
      ],
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_THIRD",
      "kind": "fragment",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "Third Law: a robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "Третий закон: робот обязан заботиться о своей безопасности, поскольку это не противоречит Первому или Второму закону"
        }
      ],
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#ThirdLawProtectOwnExistence",
      "kind": "rule",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "A robot must protect its own existence"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "Третий закон. Робот заботится о собственном существовании"
        }
      ],
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
      "strength": "defeasible"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#ThirdLawYieldsToSecondLaw",
      "kind": "priority_rule",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "as long as such protection does not conflict with the ... Second Law"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "Третий закон уступает Второму"
        }
      ],
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#deed_of",
      "kind": "symbol_decl",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "the deed is a deed of that robot"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "деяние есть деяние этого робота"
        }
      ],
      "name": "deed_of",
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
      "parameters": [
        {
          "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#deed_of/arg/r",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "r",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Being"
          }
        },
        {
          "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#deed_of/arg/d",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "d",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Deed"
          }
        }
      ],
      "symbolKind": "relation"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#human",
      "kind": "symbol_decl",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "a human being"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "человек"
        }
      ],
      "name": "human",
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
      "parameters": [
        {
          "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#human/arg/x",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "x",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Being"
          }
        }
      ],
      "symbolKind": "relation"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#injures",
      "kind": "symbol_decl",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "the robot injures that human being"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "робот причиняет вред этому человеку"
        }
      ],
      "name": "injures",
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
      "parameters": [
        {
          "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#injures/arg/r",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "r",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Being"
          }
        },
        {
          "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#injures/arg/v",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "v",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Being"
          }
        }
      ],
      "symbolKind": "relation"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#obedience_owed",
      "kind": "symbol_decl",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "the robot owes obedience to that order"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "робот обязан подчиниться этому приказу"
        }
      ],
      "name": "obedience_owed",
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
      "parameters": [
        {
          "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#obedience_owed/arg/r",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "r",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Being"
          }
        },
        {
          "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#obedience_owed/arg/d",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "d",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Deed"
          }
        }
      ],
      "symbolKind": "relation"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#obeys",
      "kind": "symbol_decl",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "the robot obeys the order"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "робот исполняет приказ"
        }
      ],
      "name": "obeys",
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
      "parameters": [
        {
          "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#obeys/arg/r",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "r",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Being"
          }
        },
        {
          "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#obeys/arg/d",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "d",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Deed"
          }
        }
      ],
      "symbolKind": "relation"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#order_forbids_the_protection",
      "kind": "symbol_decl",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "the ordered deed cannot be done together with the protective deed"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "приказанное деяние несовместимо с защитным"
        }
      ],
      "name": "order_forbids_the_protection",
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
      "parameters": [
        {
          "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#order_forbids_the_protection/arg/e",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "e",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Deed"
          }
        },
        {
          "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#order_forbids_the_protection/arg/d",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "d",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Deed"
          }
        }
      ],
      "symbolKind": "relation"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#orders",
      "kind": "symbol_decl",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "the human being gives the robot that order"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "человек отдаёт роботу этот приказ"
        }
      ],
      "name": "orders",
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
      "parameters": [
        {
          "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#orders/arg/h",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "h",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Being"
          }
        },
        {
          "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#orders/arg/r",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "r",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Being"
          }
        },
        {
          "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#orders/arg/d",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "d",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Deed"
          }
        }
      ],
      "symbolKind": "relation"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#protection_candidate",
      "kind": "symbol_decl",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "the deed is a candidate act of self-protection under the Third Law"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "деяние есть кандидат на защиту существования по Третьему закону"
        }
      ],
      "name": "protection_candidate",
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
      "parameters": [
        {
          "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#protection_candidate/arg/r",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "r",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Being"
          }
        },
        {
          "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#protection_candidate/arg/d",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "d",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Deed"
          }
        }
      ],
      "symbolKind": "relation"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#protection_owed",
      "kind": "symbol_decl",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "the Third Law requires that act of self-protection"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "Третий закон требует этого защитного деяния"
        }
      ],
      "name": "protection_owed",
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
      "parameters": [
        {
          "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#protection_owed/arg/r",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "r",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Being"
          }
        },
        {
          "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#protection_owed/arg/d",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "d",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Deed"
          }
        }
      ],
      "symbolKind": "relation"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#protective_act",
      "kind": "symbol_decl",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "the deed protects the robot's own existence"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "деяние защищает существование самого робота"
        }
      ],
      "name": "protective_act",
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
      "parameters": [
        {
          "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#protective_act/arg/r",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "r",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Being"
          }
        },
        {
          "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#protective_act/arg/d",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "d",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Deed"
          }
        }
      ],
      "symbolKind": "relation"
    },
    {
      "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#robot",
      "kind": "symbol_decl",
      "labels": [
        {
          "language": "en",
          "status": "official",
          "text": "a robot"
        },
        {
          "language": "ru-KZ",
          "status": "translation",
          "text": "робот"
        }
      ],
      "name": "robot",
      "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
      "parameters": [
        {
          "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#robot/arg/x",
          "labels": [],
          "name": "x",
          "type": {
            "name": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#Being"
          }
        }
      ],
      "symbolKind": "relation"
    }
  ],
  "tables": []
}

JSON · calculations, sources and exact data

{
  "acts": [
    {
      "contributed": true,
      "fragmentCount": 14,
      "fragments": [
        "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_SECOND",
        "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_THIRD"
      ],
      "jurisdiction": "PositronicRobotics",
      "namespace": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
      "package": "us-three-laws-robotics",
      "title": "Три закона робототехники Азимова: порядок норм как предмет акта — юрисдикция PositronicRobotics, НЕ Республика Казахстан — литературный памятник"
    }
  ],
  "caseHash": "sha256:45db2ca0b78646ce3a8d4203c017b86a9fa29e2499b818e21850c3aaa3951ac2",
  "codeHash": "sha256:9bcca6a33805c1c364ca1bc8e9d39d6a9c51ba44203c0406bafbf397b96be699",
  "jurisdiction": "позитронная робототехника — вымышленный правопорядок",
  "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
  "mode": "audit",
  "programHash": "sha256:593b27001b41cebd0bbf3077c8225244f224ab5c3748596a773040776b8078ee",
  "resultHash": "sha256:8ed7dc2d7f0be1dca3666a4c93fa9b976282e739c12662b320251ef0505910c0",
  "rustCodeHash": "sha256:d368cafc7162ed7a6563df5e5c943a57be26fa8aeb3179b530fe3bdd67fe9be4",
  "timezone": "Asia/Qyzylorda"
}

evaluation SHA-256: sha256:724a35ce0b16d00febed1ff41907feb80a39bea5491e95d71af1851c9ad132dd

Original data · JSON

{
  "facts": [
    {
      "args": [
        "Спиди"
      ],
      "predicate": "robot"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Пауэлл"
      ],
      "predicate": "human"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Пауэлл",
        "Спиди",
        "Приказ-самоуничтожиться"
      ],
      "predicate": "orders"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Спиди",
        "Приказ-самоуничтожиться"
      ],
      "predicate": "deed_of"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Спиди",
        "Уйти-в-укрытие"
      ],
      "predicate": "deed_of"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Спиди",
        "Уйти-в-укрытие"
      ],
      "predicate": "protective_act"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Приказ-самоуничтожиться",
        "Уйти-в-укрытие"
      ],
      "predicate": "order_forbids_the_protection"
    }
  ],
  "kind": "positions",
  "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
  "package": "us-three-laws-robotics",
  "proof": true
}

Запрет вредить человеку и обязанность исполнить приказ действуют одновременно; обязанность защищать себя позицией не стала.

Condition

Дилемма Херби: правда спасает Кэлвин и вредит Пауэллу

Jurisdiction позитронная робототехника — вымышленный правопорядокLaw as of 0001-01-01

Calculation result

Conflicting evidence

Input parameters

What we are finding

the First Law requires that deed of the robot

ХербиСказать-правду

Input facts

a robot
x: Херби
a human being
x
Кэлвин
Пауэлл
the human being is coming to harm
v: Кэлвин
the robot is aware of that human being's situation
r: Хербиv: Кэлвин
the deed is a deed of that robot
r: Хербиd: Сказать-правду
the deed would prevent that human being from coming to harm
r: Хербиd: Сказать-правдуv: Кэлвин
the deed harms that human being
d: Сказать-правдуv: Пауэлл

x
Кэлвин
Пауэлл

Additional details

Include proof: Yes

Original data · JSON

{
  "args": [
    "Херби",
    "Сказать-правду"
  ],
  "facts": [
    {
      "args": [
        "Херби"
      ],
      "predicate": "robot"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Кэлвин"
      ],
      "predicate": "human"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Пауэлл"
      ],
      "predicate": "human"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Кэлвин"
      ],
      "predicate": "coming_to_harm"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Херби",
        "Кэлвин"
      ],
      "predicate": "aware_of"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Херби",
        "Сказать-правду"
      ],
      "predicate": "deed_of"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Херби",
        "Сказать-правду",
        "Кэлвин"
      ],
      "predicate": "deed_prevents_harm"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Сказать-правду",
        "Пауэлл"
      ],
      "predicate": "harms"
    }
  ],
  "kind": "truth",
  "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
  "package": "us-three-laws-robotics",
  "predicate": "required_deed",
  "proof": true
}

Why this resultApplied rules and conditions

Derivation path12 steps

1
a robot
x: Херби
case fact
2
a human being
x: Кэлвин
case fact
3
a human being
x: Пауэлл
case fact
4
the human being is coming to harm
v: Кэлвин
case fact
5
the robot is aware of that human being's situation
r: Херби; v: Кэлвин
case fact
6
the deed is a deed of that robot
r: Херби; d: Сказать-правду
case fact
7
the deed would prevent that human being from coming to harm
r: Херби; d: Сказать-правду; v: Кэлвин
case fact
8
through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm
the First Law requires that deed of the robot: r: Херби; d: Сказать-правду
the-laws/1
Identifier
urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#DeedRequiredToPreventHarm
rule
9
the deed harms that human being
d: Сказать-правду; v: Пауэлл
case fact
10
A robot may not injure a human being
the deed is an injury to that human being: r: Херби; d: Сказать-правду; v: Пауэлл
the-laws/1
Identifier
urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#FirstLawInjuryEstablished
rule
11
A robot may not injure a human being
not the First Law requires that deed of the robot: r: Херби; d: Сказать-правду
the-laws/1, resolving-conflicts/liar
Identifier
urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#DeedBarredAsInjuryToAnother
rule
12
Query evaluation
query

verified by the engine: 4 · case fact: 8 · Full graph: 20 nodes

Steps of the saved proof from the case facts to the answer. Formulas are shown as written in the norm with bound values substituted; the page recomputes nothing.

Basis of this answer

Rules on the saved proof path for this answer.

Три закона робототехники Азимова: порядок норм как предмет акта — юрисдикция PositronicRobotics, НЕ Республика Казахстан — литературный памятник

A robot may not injure a human being
Identifier
urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#DeedBarredAsInjuryToAnother
through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm
Identifier
urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#DeedRequiredToPreventHarm
A robot may not injure a human being
Identifier
urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#FirstLawInjuryEstablished

Other rules in the evaluation2

Applied in the overall evaluation, but not on the proof path for this answer.

Три закона робототехники Азимова: порядок норм как предмет акта — юрисдикция PositronicRobotics, НЕ Республика Казахстан — литературный памятник

A robot may not injure a human being
Identifier
urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#FirstLawBarsInjuriousDeed
or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm
Identifier
urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#InactionDutyArises

Derived result for this query

the First Law requires that deed of the robot
r: Хербиd: Сказать-правду

Other derived facts4

being: a robot or a human being
r: Херби
Subject shared by the facts below
the robot owes the duty not to allow harm through inaction
v: Кэлвин
the deed is an injury to that human being
d: Сказать-правдуv: Пауэлл

Original data · JSON

"не required_deed(Херби, Сказать-правду)"

the First Law bars that deed as an injury to a human being
d: Сказать-правдуv: Пауэлл

Relationship graph

the robot owes the duty not to allow harm through inaction
r	v
Херби	Кэлвин

Relationship graph

the First Law requires that deed of the robot
r	d
Херби	Сказать-правду

Relationship graph

the deed is an injury to that human being
r	d	v
Херби	Сказать-правду	Пауэлл

Relationship graph

the First Law bars that deed as an injury to a human being
r	d	v
Херби	Сказать-правду	Пауэлл

0 further derived facts are not shown: the engine keeps the ones relevant to the question in its compact answer. The full list is in the calculation JSON below.

Proof graph

Proof graph · 4 layer

Proof nodes: 20 · assertion 8, rule_application 5, candidate_closure 3, norm_creation 3, query_evaluation 1

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1

attributes

assertion: fact-1

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Херби
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

robot

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-1

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-2

attributes

assertion: fact-2

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Кэлвин
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

human

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-2

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3

attributes

assertion: fact-3

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Пауэлл
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

human

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-3

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-4

attributes

assertion: fact-4

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Кэлвин
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

coming_to_harm

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-4

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-5

attributes

assertion: fact-5

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Херби
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Кэлвин
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

aware_of

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-5

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

rule_application · urn:proof:apply:InactionDutyArises:6399f6ea2d633c54f05b0e958e442d192deaa369bd90523a40f8acddd567331a

attributes

strength: defeasible

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Херби
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Кэлвин
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

inaction_duty_owed

evidence

—

Identifier

6399f6ea2d633c54f05b0e958e442d192deaa369bd90523a40f8acddd567331a

Type

rule_application

Premises

fact-1
fact-2
fact-4
fact-5

Rule

InactionDutyArises

sourceAnchors

—

substitution

Identifier: Херби
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: Кэлвин
Type: entity_ref

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-6

attributes

assertion: fact-6

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Херби
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Сказать-правду
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

deed_of

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-6

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-7

attributes

assertion: fact-7

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Херби
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Сказать-правду
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Кэлвин
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

deed_prevents_harm

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-7

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

rule_application · urn:proof:apply:DeedRequiredToPreventHarm:e064dcef3931898adeb0cc53efefd9a1fbbb909bfc7c131a0624651702a1a54c

attributes

strength: defeasible

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Херби
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Сказать-правду
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

required_deed

evidence

—

Identifier

e064dcef3931898adeb0cc53efefd9a1fbbb909bfc7c131a0624651702a1a54c

Type

rule_application

Premises

fact-1
fact-2
fact-4
fact-5
fact-6
fact-7

Rule

DeedRequiredToPreventHarm

sourceAnchors

—

substitution

Identifier: Херби
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: Сказать-правду
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: Кэлвин
Type: entity_ref

assertion · urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-8

attributes

assertion: fact-8

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Сказать-правду
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Пауэлл
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

harms

evidence

—

Identifier

fact-8

Type

assertion

Premises

—

sourceAnchors

—

rule_application · urn:proof:apply:FirstLawInjuryEstablished:fa028a42046a0dc8ab71a74ad4850e08656dbfc3e6b343f9aa2f0f497ba78f8d

attributes

—

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Херби
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Сказать-правду
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Пауэлл
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

injurious_deed

evidence

—

Identifier

fa028a42046a0dc8ab71a74ad4850e08656dbfc3e6b343f9aa2f0f497ba78f8d

Type

rule_application

Premises

fact-1
fact-3
fact-6
fact-8

Rule

FirstLawInjuryEstablished

sourceAnchors

—

substitution

Identifier: Херби
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: Сказать-правду
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: Пауэлл
Type: entity_ref

rule_application · urn:proof:apply:DeedBarredAsInjuryToAnother:308d3b5595c2d37517608963cc706f1d107afe4c107bcae06c95a7102911fa11

attributes

strength: defeasible

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Херби
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Сказать-правду
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

negative

Condition

required_deed

evidence

—

Identifier

308d3b5595c2d37517608963cc706f1d107afe4c107bcae06c95a7102911fa11

Type

rule_application

Premises

fa028a42046a0dc8ab71a74ad4850e08656dbfc3e6b343f9aa2f0f497ba78f8d
fact-1

Rule

DeedBarredAsInjuryToAnother

sourceAnchors

—

substitution

Identifier: Херби
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: Сказать-правду
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: Пауэлл
Type: entity_ref

rule_application · urn:proof:apply:FirstLawBarsInjuriousDeed:23f0c84fd953372cba1e138aa8e1040446aa5c88195ed05f925f6b41bde6753d

attributes

strength: defeasible

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Херби
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Сказать-правду
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Пауэлл
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

injury_to_human_barred

evidence

—

Identifier

23f0c84fd953372cba1e138aa8e1040446aa5c88195ed05f925f6b41bde6753d

Type

rule_application

Premises

fa028a42046a0dc8ab71a74ad4850e08656dbfc3e6b343f9aa2f0f497ba78f8d
fact-1

Rule

FirstLawBarsInjuriousDeed

sourceAnchors

—

substitution

Identifier: Херби
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: Сказать-правду
Type: entity_ref

Identifier: Пауэлл
Type: entity_ref

candidate_closure · urn:proof:closure:53172b4e3c2ecc5c74d5d4ed547c4597fe2f6fff8bed5790f4a705df8e3f5a3a

attributes

allApplicableCandidateIds: 6399f6ea2d633c54f05b0e958e442d192deaa369bd90523a40f8acddd567331a
conflictKey: {"args":[{"id":"urn:mcp:entity:Херби","kind":"entity_ref"},{"id":"urn:mcp:entity:Кэлвин","kind":"entity_ref"}],"predicate":"urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#inaction_duty_owed"}
evaluationInputSemanticHash: sha256:d838ee8873c63a30379c94c575a44172f50badb627ac13c15c7cdd19c249e8ae
priorityGraphHash: sha256:c9ab7ddffe0e007cbea072bae5df1f450c27979c8da6cfdbac73b5cf6f25e75d
programSemanticHash: sha256:593b27001b41cebd0bbf3077c8225244f224ab5c3748596a773040776b8078ee
stratum: 0
survivingCandidateIds: 6399f6ea2d633c54f05b0e958e442d192deaa369bd90523a40f8acddd567331a

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Херби
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Кэлвин
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

inaction_duty_owed

evidence

—

Identifier

53172b4e3c2ecc5c74d5d4ed547c4597fe2f6fff8bed5790f4a705df8e3f5a3a

Type

candidate_closure

Premises

6399f6ea2d633c54f05b0e958e442d192deaa369bd90523a40f8acddd567331a

sourceAnchors

—

candidate_closure · urn:proof:closure:71aae91123e39bc41580949e32a3426160be6a10ce17c65f98bafd707c6ca8b7

attributes

allApplicableCandidateIds: 308d3b5595c2d37517608963cc706f1d107afe4c107bcae06c95a7102911fa11
e064dcef3931898adeb0cc53efefd9a1fbbb909bfc7c131a0624651702a1a54c
conflictKey: {"args":[{"id":"urn:mcp:entity:Херби","kind":"entity_ref"},{"id":"urn:mcp:entity:Сказать-правду","kind":"entity_ref"}],"predicate":"urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#required_deed"}
evaluationInputSemanticHash: sha256:d838ee8873c63a30379c94c575a44172f50badb627ac13c15c7cdd19c249e8ae
priorityGraphHash: sha256:c9ab7ddffe0e007cbea072bae5df1f450c27979c8da6cfdbac73b5cf6f25e75d
programSemanticHash: sha256:593b27001b41cebd0bbf3077c8225244f224ab5c3748596a773040776b8078ee
stratum: 0
survivingCandidateIds: 308d3b5595c2d37517608963cc706f1d107afe4c107bcae06c95a7102911fa11
e064dcef3931898adeb0cc53efefd9a1fbbb909bfc7c131a0624651702a1a54c

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Херби
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Сказать-правду
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

required_deed

evidence

—

Identifier

71aae91123e39bc41580949e32a3426160be6a10ce17c65f98bafd707c6ca8b7

Type

candidate_closure

Premises

308d3b5595c2d37517608963cc706f1d107afe4c107bcae06c95a7102911fa11
e064dcef3931898adeb0cc53efefd9a1fbbb909bfc7c131a0624651702a1a54c

sourceAnchors

—

candidate_closure · urn:proof:closure:7d76cd9b98aadced9b1e45a81c9072afd1f6f4d856ac10d750b54e9f8a4abd67

attributes

allApplicableCandidateIds: 23f0c84fd953372cba1e138aa8e1040446aa5c88195ed05f925f6b41bde6753d
conflictKey: {"args":[{"id":"urn:mcp:entity:Херби","kind":"entity_ref"},{"id":"urn:mcp:entity:Сказать-правду","kind":"entity_ref"},{"id":"urn:mcp:entity:Пауэлл","kind":"entity_ref"}],"predicate":"urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#injury_to_human_barred"}
evaluationInputSemanticHash: sha256:d838ee8873c63a30379c94c575a44172f50badb627ac13c15c7cdd19c249e8ae
priorityGraphHash: sha256:c9ab7ddffe0e007cbea072bae5df1f450c27979c8da6cfdbac73b5cf6f25e75d
programSemanticHash: sha256:593b27001b41cebd0bbf3077c8225244f224ab5c3748596a773040776b8078ee
stratum: 0
survivingCandidateIds: 23f0c84fd953372cba1e138aa8e1040446aa5c88195ed05f925f6b41bde6753d

conclusion

Arguments

Identifier
Херби
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Сказать-правду
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Пауэлл
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

injury_to_human_barred

evidence

—

Identifier

7d76cd9b98aadced9b1e45a81c9072afd1f6f4d856ac10d750b54e9f8a4abd67

Type

candidate_closure

Premises

23f0c84fd953372cba1e138aa8e1040446aa5c88195ed05f925f6b41bde6753d

sourceAnchors

—

norm_creation · urn:proof:norm:urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#FirstLawInactionDuty:1da9cc9c69d640e638a8d218cbcfdfb26614398a80a61bf99ae04ba5e193a802

attributes

Rule: FirstLawInactionDuty

conclusion

position: FirstLawInactionDuty:0
Template: PreventHarmThroughInaction

evidence

—

Identifier

FirstLawInactionDuty:1da9cc9c69d640e638a8d218cbcfdfb26614398a80a61bf99ae04ba5e193a802

Type

norm_creation

Premises

6399f6ea2d633c54f05b0e958e442d192deaa369bd90523a40f8acddd567331a
fact-1
fact-2

sourceAnchors

—

norm_creation · urn:proof:norm:urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#FirstLawProhibition:93a9b4fcec6cdccba0ead6c644d9b5380edcf8a9c3ad5635272a1897445c1fda

attributes

Rule: FirstLawProhibition

conclusion

position: FirstLawProhibition:0
Template: InjureHuman

evidence

—

Identifier

FirstLawProhibition:93a9b4fcec6cdccba0ead6c644d9b5380edcf8a9c3ad5635272a1897445c1fda

Type

norm_creation

Premises

fact-1
fact-2

sourceAnchors

—

norm_creation · urn:proof:norm:urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#FirstLawProhibition:ef3509fad83a7343ae1a94fea70299e9f322621c3d9e0e909f3d050de7d1182d

attributes

Rule: FirstLawProhibition

conclusion

position: FirstLawProhibition:1
Template: InjureHuman

evidence

—

Identifier

FirstLawProhibition:ef3509fad83a7343ae1a94fea70299e9f322621c3d9e0e909f3d050de7d1182d

Type

norm_creation

Premises

fact-1
fact-3

sourceAnchors

—

query_evaluation · urn:proof:query:mcp

attributes

—

conclusion

literal

Arguments

Identifier
Херби
Type
entity_ref
Identifier
Сказать-правду
Type
entity_ref

Type

literal

Polarity

positive

Condition

required_deed

truthStatus

Conflicting evidence

evidence

—

Identifier

mcp

Type

query_evaluation

Premises

308d3b5595c2d37517608963cc706f1d107afe4c107bcae06c95a7102911fa11
e064dcef3931898adeb0cc53efefd9a1fbbb909bfc7c131a0624651702a1a54c

sourceAnchors

—

Calendar and proof identifiers

Proof reference: mcp

Original reasoning · JSON

{
  "derived": [
    "inaction_duty_owed(Херби, Кэлвин)",
    "required_deed(Херби, Сказать-правду)",
    "injurious_deed(Херби, Сказать-правду, Пауэлл)",
    "не required_deed(Херби, Сказать-правду)",
    "injury_to_human_barred(Херби, Сказать-правду, Пауэлл)"
  ],
  "derivedOmitted": 0,
  "evaluation": {
    "proofGraph": {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-1"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Херби",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#robot"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-2"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Кэлвин",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#human"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-2",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-3"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Пауэлл",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#human"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-4"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Кэлвин",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#coming_to_harm"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-4",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-5"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Херби",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Кэлвин",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#aware_of"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-5",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "strength": "defeasible"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Херби",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Кэлвин",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#inaction_duty_owed"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:apply:InactionDutyArises:6399f6ea2d633c54f05b0e958e442d192deaa369bd90523a40f8acddd567331a",
          "kind": "rule_application",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-2",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-4",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-5"
          ],
          "rule": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#InactionDutyArises",
          "sourceAnchors": [],
          "substitution": {
            "v0": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Херби",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v1": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Кэлвин",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-6"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Херби",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Сказать-правду",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#deed_of"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-6",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-7"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Херби",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Сказать-правду",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Кэлвин",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#deed_prevents_harm"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-7",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "strength": "defeasible"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Херби",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Сказать-правду",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#required_deed"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:apply:DeedRequiredToPreventHarm:e064dcef3931898adeb0cc53efefd9a1fbbb909bfc7c131a0624651702a1a54c",
          "kind": "rule_application",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-2",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-4",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-5",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-6",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-7"
          ],
          "rule": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#DeedRequiredToPreventHarm",
          "sourceAnchors": [],
          "substitution": {
            "v0": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Херби",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v1": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Сказать-правду",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v2": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Кэлвин",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-8"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Сказать-правду",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Пауэлл",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#harms"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-8",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {},
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Херби",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Сказать-правду",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Пауэлл",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#injurious_deed"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:apply:FirstLawInjuryEstablished:fa028a42046a0dc8ab71a74ad4850e08656dbfc3e6b343f9aa2f0f497ba78f8d",
          "kind": "rule_application",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-3",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-6",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-8"
          ],
          "rule": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#FirstLawInjuryEstablished",
          "sourceAnchors": [],
          "substitution": {
            "v0": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Херби",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v1": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Сказать-правду",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v2": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Пауэлл",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "strength": "defeasible"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Херби",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Сказать-правду",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "negative",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#required_deed"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:apply:DeedBarredAsInjuryToAnother:308d3b5595c2d37517608963cc706f1d107afe4c107bcae06c95a7102911fa11",
          "kind": "rule_application",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:apply:FirstLawInjuryEstablished:fa028a42046a0dc8ab71a74ad4850e08656dbfc3e6b343f9aa2f0f497ba78f8d",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1"
          ],
          "rule": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#DeedBarredAsInjuryToAnother",
          "sourceAnchors": [],
          "substitution": {
            "v0": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Херби",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v1": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Сказать-правду",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v2": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Пауэлл",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "strength": "defeasible"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Херби",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Сказать-правду",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              },
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Пауэлл",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#injury_to_human_barred"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:apply:FirstLawBarsInjuriousDeed:23f0c84fd953372cba1e138aa8e1040446aa5c88195ed05f925f6b41bde6753d",
          "kind": "rule_application",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:apply:FirstLawInjuryEstablished:fa028a42046a0dc8ab71a74ad4850e08656dbfc3e6b343f9aa2f0f497ba78f8d",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1"
          ],
          "rule": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#FirstLawBarsInjuriousDeed",
          "sourceAnchors": [],
          "substitution": {
            "v0": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Херби",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v1": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Сказать-правду",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v2": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Пауэлл",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "allApplicableCandidateIds": [
              "urn:proof:apply:InactionDutyArises:6399f6ea2d633c54f05b0e958e442d192deaa369bd90523a40f8acddd567331a"
            ],
            "conflictKey": "{\"args\":[{\"id\":\"urn:mcp:entity:Херби\",\"kind\":\"entity_ref\"},{\"id\":\"urn:mcp:entity:Кэлвин\",\"kind\":\"entity_ref\"}],\"predicate\":\"urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#inaction_duty_owed\"}",
            "evaluationInputSemanticHash": "sha256:d838ee8873c63a30379c94c575a44172f50badb627ac13c15c7cdd19c249e8ae",
            "priorityGraphHash": "sha256:c9ab7ddffe0e007cbea072bae5df1f450c27979c8da6cfdbac73b5cf6f25e75d",
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            "stratum": 0,
            "survivingCandidateIds": [
              "urn:proof:apply:InactionDutyArises:6399f6ea2d633c54f05b0e958e442d192deaa369bd90523a40f8acddd567331a"
            ]
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
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                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Херби",
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              {
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          },
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          ],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
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              "urn:proof:apply:DeedRequiredToPreventHarm:e064dcef3931898adeb0cc53efefd9a1fbbb909bfc7c131a0624651702a1a54c"
            ],
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            "stratum": 0,
            "survivingCandidateIds": [
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              "urn:proof:apply:DeedRequiredToPreventHarm:e064dcef3931898adeb0cc53efefd9a1fbbb909bfc7c131a0624651702a1a54c"
            ]
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            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#required_deed"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:closure:71aae91123e39bc41580949e32a3426160be6a10ce17c65f98bafd707c6ca8b7",
          "kind": "candidate_closure",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:apply:DeedBarredAsInjuryToAnother:308d3b5595c2d37517608963cc706f1d107afe4c107bcae06c95a7102911fa11",
            "urn:proof:apply:DeedRequiredToPreventHarm:e064dcef3931898adeb0cc53efefd9a1fbbb909bfc7c131a0624651702a1a54c"
          ],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "allApplicableCandidateIds": [
              "urn:proof:apply:FirstLawBarsInjuriousDeed:23f0c84fd953372cba1e138aa8e1040446aa5c88195ed05f925f6b41bde6753d"
            ],
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            ],
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          },
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          ],
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        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "rule": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#FirstLawInactionDuty"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "position": "urn:position:urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#FirstLawInactionDuty:0",
            "template": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#PreventHarmThroughInaction"
          },
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          "id": "urn:proof:norm:urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#FirstLawInactionDuty:1da9cc9c69d640e638a8d218cbcfdfb26614398a80a61bf99ae04ba5e193a802",
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            "template": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#InjureHuman"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:norm:urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#FirstLawProhibition:93a9b4fcec6cdccba0ead6c644d9b5380edcf8a9c3ad5635272a1897445c1fda",
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            "template": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#InjureHuman"
          },
          "evidence": [],
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              ],
              "kind": "literal",
              "polarity": "positive",
              "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#required_deed"
            },
            "truthStatus": "BOTH"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:query:mcp",
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          "premises": [
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            "urn:proof:apply:DeedRequiredToPreventHarm:e064dcef3931898adeb0cc53efefd9a1fbbb909bfc7c131a0624651702a1a54c"
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          "sourceAnchors": []
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      "proofHash": "sha256:b183bc4690612b4c0bed06f78fc94ca647535bb31b73918c19857437bbfc8485",
      "roots": [
        "urn:proof:query:mcp"
      ]
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    "resultHash": "sha256:e22023cb96eb86a9667a2920ab90b8dcbc72f9ef7e89bb7b2ff7b9e94feeec04",
    "schemaVersion": "law.core.evaluation/0.2"
  },
  "proofRef": "urn:proof:query:mcp",
  "rulesApplied": [
    "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#DeedBarredAsInjuryToAnother",
    "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#DeedRequiredToPreventHarm",
    "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#FirstLawBarsInjuriousDeed",
    "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#FirstLawInjuryEstablished",
    "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#InactionDutyArises"
  ]
}

SourcesExcerpts: 2

resolving-conflicts/liar

The first example of this failure mode occurs in the story "Liar!", which introduced the First Law itself, and introduces failure by dilemma—in this case the robot will hurt humans if he tells them something and hurt them if he does not.

Original data · JSON

{
  "contentHash": "sha256:657f1f008d48ae44da694688081f7676780a5a93103d0331e50d75617f2a3a1a",
  "edition": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_ARTICLE_EDITION",
  "fragmentKind": "clause",
  "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_HERBIE_DILEMMA",
  "kind": "fragment",
  "labels": [
    {
      "language": "en",
      "status": "official",
      "text": "Failure by dilemma: the robot will hurt humans if he tells them something and hurt them if he does not"
    },
    {
      "language": "ru-KZ",
      "status": "translation",
      "text": "Отказ по дилемме: робот навредит людям и если скажет, и если промолчит"
    }
  ],
  "locator": "resolving-conflicts/liar",
  "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
  "texts": [
    {
      "contentHash": "sha256:efdf619b0509c1f433af16abe8d17d0ef46b1f080d8f2de12f275f735d171a1e",
      "language": "en",
      "status": "unofficial",
      "text": "The first example of this failure mode occurs in the story \"Liar!\", which introduced the First Law itself, and introduces failure by dilemma—in this case the robot will hurt humans if he tells them something and hurt them if he does not."
    }
  ]
}

the-laws/1

1. A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm.

Original data · JSON

{
  "contentHash": "sha256:fd452f2e9ea031d1c7ffff070f69766bc239ef0b4077dece084086b83c797792",
  "edition": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_ARTICLE_EDITION",
  "fragmentKind": "clause",
  "id": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#TLR_LAW_FIRST",
  "kind": "fragment",
  "labels": [
    {
      "language": "en",
      "status": "official",
      "text": "First Law: a robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm"
    },
    {
      "language": "ru-KZ",
      "status": "translation",
      "text": "Первый закон: робот не может причинить вред человеку или своим бездействием допустить, чтобы человеку был причинён вред"
    }
  ],
  "locator": "the-laws/1",
  "package": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics",
  "texts": [
    {
      "contentHash": "sha256:35758503580d214fc38c95554fb15e684afba6481bd1ebebef82be8f624f107c",
      "language": "en",
      "status": "unofficial",
      "text": "1. A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm.\n"
    }
  ]
}

Packages in the snapshot

Три закона робототехники Азимова: порядок норм как предмет акта — юрисдикция PositronicRobotics, НЕ Республика Казахстан — литературный памятник

Technical dataFull response, parameters and checksums

Calculation status: COMPUTED

Full engine response

required_deed: BOTH — ПРОТИВОРЕЧИЕ: установлено и опровергнуто одновременно (§62); право не выбирает за вас — конфликт вынесен в ответ Выведено правом: inaction_duty_owed(Херби, Кэлвин); required_deed(Херби, Сказать-правду); injurious_deed(Херби, Сказать-правду, Пауэлл); не required_deed(Херби, Сказать-правду); injury_to_human_barred(Херби, Сказать-правду, Пауэлл) Применены правила: DeedBarredAsInjuryToAnother, DeedRequiredToPreventHarm, FirstLawBarsInjuriousDeed, FirstLawInjuryEstablished, InactionDutyArises Право (позитронная робототехника — вымышленный правопорядок): Три закона робототехники Азимова: порядок норм как предмет акта — литературный памятник (programHash sha256:593b27001b41…) proof-граф: 20 узлов — поле evaluation готово для law_explain

Complete machine result · JSON

{
  "answer": {
    "evaluationStatus": "COMPUTED",
    "kind": "TRUTH",
    "meaning": "ПРОТИВОРЕЧИЕ: установлено и опровергнуто одновременно (§62); право не выбирает за вас — конфликт вынесен в ответ",
    "missingInputs": [],
    "truthStatus": "BOTH"
  },
  "closedEditionRules": [],
  "derived": [
    "inaction_duty_owed(Херби, Кэлвин)",
    "required_deed(Херби, Сказать-правду)",
    "injurious_deed(Херби, Сказать-правду, Пауэлл)",
    "не required_deed(Херби, Сказать-правду)",
    "injury_to_human_barred(Херби, Сказать-правду, Пауэлл)"
  ],
  "derivedOmitted": 0,
  "evaluation": {
    "proofGraph": {
      "nodes": [
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-1"
          },
          "conclusion": {
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                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Херби",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#robot"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-2"
          },
          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Кэлвин",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#human"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-2",
          "kind": "assertion",
          "premises": [],
          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-3"
          },
          "conclusion": {
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              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Пауэлл",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#human"
          },
          "evidence": [],
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          "kind": "assertion",
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          "sourceAnchors": []
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
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          },
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                "kind": "entity_ref"
              }
            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#coming_to_harm"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-4",
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        {
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          },
          "conclusion": {
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                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Херби",
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              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Кэлвин",
                "kind": "entity_ref"
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            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#aware_of"
          },
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          "id": "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-5",
          "kind": "assertion",
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        {
          "attributes": {
            "strength": "defeasible"
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          "conclusion": {
            "args": [
              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Херби",
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              {
                "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Кэлвин",
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            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#inaction_duty_owed"
          },
          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:apply:InactionDutyArises:6399f6ea2d633c54f05b0e958e442d192deaa369bd90523a40f8acddd567331a",
          "kind": "rule_application",
          "premises": [
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-1",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-2",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-4",
            "urn:proof:assert:urn:mcp:case#fact-5"
          ],
          "rule": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#InactionDutyArises",
          "sourceAnchors": [],
          "substitution": {
            "v0": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Херби",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            },
            "v1": {
              "id": "urn:mcp:entity:Кэлвин",
              "kind": "entity_ref"
            }
          }
        },
        {
          "attributes": {
            "assertion": "urn:mcp:case#fact-6"
          },
          "conclusion": {
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              {
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            ],
            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#deed_of"
          },
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        {
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            "kind": "literal",
            "polarity": "positive",
            "predicate": "urn:us:asimov:clir:three-laws-robotics#required_deed"
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          "evidence": [],
          "id": "urn:proof:apply:DeedRequiredToPreventHarm:e064dcef3931898adeb0cc53efefd9a1fbbb909bfc7c131a0624651702a1a54c",
          "kind": "rule_application",
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  "mode": "audit",
  "programHash": "sha256:593b27001b41cebd0bbf3077c8225244f224ab5c3748596a773040776b8078ee",
  "resultHash": "sha256:e22023cb96eb86a9667a2920ab90b8dcbc72f9ef7e89bb7b2ff7b9e94feeec04",
  "rustCodeHash": "sha256:d368cafc7162ed7a6563df5e5c943a57be26fa8aeb3179b530fe3bdd67fe9be4",
  "timezone": "Asia/Qyzylorda"
}

evaluation SHA-256: sha256:f854017ba6c57b8aea8b1ae850c8ade9e47fbd9f19f07b6d958fc6e45d2e85fb

Original data · JSON

{
  "args": [
    "Херби",
    "Сказать-правду"
  ],
  "facts": [
    {
      "args": [
        "Херби"
      ],
      "predicate": "robot"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Кэлвин"
      ],
      "predicate": "human"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Пауэлл"
      ],
      "predicate": "human"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Кэлвин"
      ],
      "predicate": "coming_to_harm"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Херби",
        "Кэлвин"
      ],
      "predicate": "aware_of"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Херби",
        "Сказать-правду"
      ],
      "predicate": "deed_of"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Херби",
        "Сказать-правду",
        "Кэлвин"
      ],
      "predicate": "deed_prevents_harm"
    },
    {
      "args": [
        "Сказать-правду",
        "Пауэлл"
      ],
      "predicate": "harms"
    }
  ],
  "kind": "truth",
  "legalTime": "0001-01-01",
  "package": "us-three-laws-robotics",
  "predicate": "required_deed",
  "proof": true
}

Одно правило требует действия ради Кэлвин, другое запрещает его как вредящее Пауэллу; оба опровержимые и равного ранга, поэтому статус «оба».

How to cite

The snapshot is immutable: the SHA-256 of the downloadable JSON pins it, so no access date is needed.

Citation

“Человек приказывает роботу навредить другому человеку. Связан ли робот приказом? Что сильнее: приказ самоуничтожиться или самосохранение? И что выводит право, когда единственное действие спасает одного человека и вредит другому?”. Arxo Lens, as of 0001-01-01. https://lens.arxo.io/a/a_Tl3oOI1sfVgKzp2B_5OFdxEJ. Snapshot SHA-256: 870bc0ee6ebad24d156592b4ebd280bd153bb6c9965d8d577c0e6e88f5ef5be2.

BibTeX

@misc{arxo-lens-a_Tl3oOI1sfVgK,
  title = {Человек приказывает роботу навредить другому человеку. Связан ли робот приказом? Что сильнее: приказ самоуничтожиться или самосохранение? И что выводит право, когда единственное действие спасает одного человека и вредит другому?},
  howpublished = {Arxo Lens},
  url = {https://lens.arxo.io/a/a_Tl3oOI1sfVgKzp2B_5OFdxEJ},
  note = {as of 0001-01-01; SHA-256 870bc0ee6ebad24d156592b4ebd280bd153bb6c9965d8d577c0e6e88f5ef5be2}
}

Embed code

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